{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7213539011","doi":"https://doi.org/10.47895/amp.v60i17.13683","title":"Factors Affecting Delay in Presentation and Management of Pediatric Cataract: A Cross-sectional Study at a Tertiary Philippine Hospital","display_name":"Factors Affecting Delay in Presentation and Management of Pediatric Cataract: A Cross-sectional Study at a Tertiary Philippine Hospital","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-09-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7213539011","doi":"https://doi.org/10.47895/amp.v60i17.13683","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42953238","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/13713873"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.47895/amp.v60i17.13683","doi":"https://doi.org/10.47895/amp.v60i17.13683","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.47895/amp.v60i17.13683","pdf_url":"https://actamedicaphilippina.upm.edu.ph/index.php/acta/article/download/13683/7250","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306500404","display_name":"Acta Medica Philippina","issn_l":"0001-6071","issn":["0001-6071","2094-9278"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["poland-20","russia-white-list-4"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319568","host_organization_name":"University of the Philippines Manila","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319568","https://openalex.org/P4310319558"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of the Philippines Manila","University of the Philippines"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Acta Medica Philippina","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://actamedicaphilippina.upm.edu.ph/index.php/acta/article/download/13683/7250","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5152067143","display_name":"MD Mayleen D. Jereza","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802181614","display_name":"Philippine General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/00a56am39","country_code":"PH","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I103911934","https://openalex.org/I2802181614"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5791819","display_name":"University of the Philippines Manila","ror":"https://ror.org/01rrczv41","country_code":"PH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I103911934","https://openalex.org/I5791819"]}],"countries":["PH"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mayleen D. Jereza, MD","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Philippine General Hospital, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Philippine General Hospital, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802181614","https://openalex.org/I5791819"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019709045","display_name":"Alvina Pauline D. Santiago","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2917-5683","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2917-5683"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802181614","display_name":"Philippine General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/00a56am39","country_code":"PH","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I103911934","https://openalex.org/I2802181614"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210116402","display_name":"St. Luke's Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/02h4kdd20","country_code":"PH","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210116402"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5791819","display_name":"University of the Philippines Manila","ror":"https://ror.org/01rrczv41","country_code":"PH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I103911934","https://openalex.org/I5791819"]}],"countries":["PH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alvina Pauline D. Santiago, MD, MBA, MSHI","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Philippine General Hospital, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines","St. Luke's Medical Center, Quezon City, Philippines"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2917-5683","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Philippine General Hospital, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802181614","https://openalex.org/I5791819"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"St. Luke's Medical Center, Quezon City, Philippines","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210116402"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5152067143"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802181614","https://openalex.org/I5791819"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.71141557,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"60","issue":"17","first_page":"18","last_page":"27"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10381","display_name":"Ophthalmology and Visual Impairment Studies","score":0.8974999785423279,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10381","display_name":"Ophthalmology and Visual Impairment Studies","score":0.8974999785423279,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11291","display_name":"Intraocular Surgery and Lenses","score":0.05270000174641609,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12989","display_name":"Ocular Disorders and Treatments","score":0.014299999922513962,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/delayed-presentation","display_name":"delayed presentation","score":0.7409999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-seeking-behavior","display_name":"health-seeking behavior","score":0.7900000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/covid-19-pandemic-impact-on-healthcare","display_name":"COVID-19 pandemic impact on healthcare","score":0.7099999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/socioeconomic-barriers-to-care","display_name":"socioeconomic barriers to care","score":0.746999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/travel-cost","display_name":"travel cost","score":0.39800000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/caregiver-education","display_name":"caregiver education","score":0.3179999887943268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/childhood-visual-impairment","display_name":"childhood visual impairment","score":0.7599999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/philippines","display_name":"Philippines","score":0.5740000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-education","display_name":"health education","score":0.34599998593330383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transit-ridership","display_name":"transit ridership","score":0.49000000953674316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/household-income-loss","display_name":"household income loss","score":0.41499999165534973}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8755000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777601897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3409113","display_name":"Presentation (obstetrics)","level":2,"score":0.7050999999046326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187212893","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q123028","display_name":"Pediatrics","level":1,"score":0.5200999975204468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147077947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1515895","display_name":"Socioeconomic status","level":3,"score":0.5088000297546387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776864138","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7620839","display_name":"Strabismus","level":2,"score":0.4909999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019033257","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9166713","display_name":"Tertiary level","level":2,"score":0.42250001430511475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779531571","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18387303","display_name":"Childhood blindness","level":5,"score":0.39419999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778695240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7159228","display_name":"Pediatric ophthalmology","level":3,"score":0.364300012588501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512399662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3505712","display_name":"Family medicine","level":1,"score":0.3280999958515167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119767625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q618211","display_name":"Optometry","level":1,"score":0.3075999915599823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775888743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1818260","display_name":"Cataract surgery","level":2,"score":0.2964000105857849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020552793","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q644264","display_name":"Pediatric hospital","level":2,"score":0.2750000059604645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C545542383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2751242","display_name":"Medical emergency","level":1,"score":0.26179999113082886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779473830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540899","display_name":"MEDLINE","level":2,"score":0.2605000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167135981","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2146302","display_name":"Retrospective cohort study","level":2,"score":0.2513999938964844}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.47895/amp.v60i17.13683","doi":"https://doi.org/10.47895/amp.v60i17.13683","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.47895/amp.v60i17.13683","pdf_url":"https://actamedicaphilippina.upm.edu.ph/index.php/acta/article/download/13683/7250","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306500404","display_name":"Acta Medica Philippina","issn_l":"0001-6071","issn":["0001-6071","2094-9278"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["poland-20","russia-white-list-4"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319568","host_organization_name":"University of the Philippines Manila","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319568","https://openalex.org/P4310319558"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of the Philippines Manila","University of the Philippines"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Acta Medica Philippina","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:13713873","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13713873/","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13713873/pdf/AMP-60-17-13683.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Acta Med Philipp","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:42953238","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42953238","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Acta medica Philippina","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.47895/amp.v60i17.13683","doi":"https://doi.org/10.47895/amp.v60i17.13683","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.47895/amp.v60i17.13683","pdf_url":"https://actamedicaphilippina.upm.edu.ph/index.php/acta/article/download/13683/7250","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306500404","display_name":"Acta Medica Philippina","issn_l":"0001-6071","issn":["0001-6071","2094-9278"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["poland-20","russia-white-list-4"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319568","host_organization_name":"University of the Philippines Manila","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319568","https://openalex.org/P4310319558"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of the Philippines Manila","University of the Philippines"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Acta Medica Philippina","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.98580002784729,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7213539011.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7213539011.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1985246825","https://openalex.org/W2081805965","https://openalex.org/W2110399358","https://openalex.org/W2133042157","https://openalex.org/W2513337309","https://openalex.org/W2536347875","https://openalex.org/W3008328525","https://openalex.org/W3034161649","https://openalex.org/W3157903420","https://openalex.org/W3204852761","https://openalex.org/W4206256935","https://openalex.org/W4284711163","https://openalex.org/W4285489590"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3012215578","https://openalex.org/W7118012522","https://openalex.org/W4284711163","https://openalex.org/W2147680687","https://openalex.org/W3110769641","https://openalex.org/W2360362027","https://openalex.org/W3015742526","https://openalex.org/W4300690673","https://openalex.org/W3141339102","https://openalex.org/W4297459146"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Background:":[0],"Pediatric":[1,159],"cataract":[2,68,95,406],"is":[3],"a":[4,70,77,83,144,238,274,291,306,339,386],"major":[5],"cause":[6],"of":[7,64,88,120,132,135,173,211,235,241,257,278,282,326,332,424],"childhood":[8],"visual":[9,27],"impairment,":[10],"and":[11,16,25,44,62,108,111,117,125,154,161,188,208,237,286,290,313,346,392,412],"delays":[12],"in":[13,21,60,69,146,152,155,165,168,181,197,252,302,309,334,364,408,420],"detection,":[14],"presentation,":[15,335],"surgical":[17,127,169,198],"management":[18,63,170,199,423],"can":[19],"result":[20],"stimulus":[22],"deprivation":[23],"amblyopia":[24],"poor":[26],"outcomes.":[28],"In":[29],"the":[30,55,58,105,149,158,179,185,192,205,209,224,229,250,258,261,264,271,279,288,310,315,322,327,330,344,352,359,374,390,398,401,409,421],"Philippines,":[31],"local":[32],"data":[33],"on":[34,114,243],"factors":[35,56,247,298],"contributing":[36,248,357],"to":[37,53,157,202,217,249,270,285,319,321,358,371,384,417],"these":[38],"delays,":[39],"including":[40],"sociodemographic,":[41],"sociocultural,":[42],"socioeconomic,":[43],"pandemic-related":[45],"barriers,":[46],"remain":[47],"limited.":[48],"Objective:":[49],"This":[50,75],"study":[51,80],"aimed":[52],"determine":[54],"affecting":[57],"delay":[59,121,145,180,196,251,301,311,333,360,399],"presentation":[61,147,156,182],"patients":[65,89,136],"with":[66,86,93,137,300],"pediatric":[67,94,138,410,425],"tertiary":[71],"Philippine":[72],"hospital.":[73],"Methods:":[74],"was":[76,143,305,342,382],"single-center,":[78],"cross-sectional":[79],"that":[81,215],"conducted":[82],"questionnaire-based":[84],"interview":[85],"guardians":[87,134],"who":[90,227],"were":[91,140,183,200,245,297],"diagnosed":[92],"from":[96,287],"January":[97],"2018":[98],"until":[99],"June":[100],"2023.":[101],"The":[102,175,221,379],"questionnaire":[103],"covered":[104],"basic":[106],"sociodemographic":[107],"socioeconomic":[109],"information,":[110],"asked":[112],"questions":[113],"health-seeking":[115],"behavior":[116],"possible":[118],"causes":[119,331],"before":[122,126],"seeking":[123],"consult":[124,151],"management.":[128,303],"Results:":[129],"A":[130,254],"total":[131],"93":[133],"cataract/s":[139],"interviewed.":[141],"There":[142,304],"for":[148,178,195,373,377],"first":[150,225],"59.1%":[153],"Ophthalmology":[160],"Strabismus":[162],"(POS)":[163],"Clinic":[164],"90.3%.":[166],"Delay":[167],"affected":[171],"35.5%":[172],"patients.":[174],"main":[176,193],"reasons":[177,194],"unawareness,":[184],"COVID-19":[186,206,272,316,380],"pandemic,":[187,207,273],"financial":[189,375,413],"issues,":[190,204],"while":[191],"due":[201],"economic":[203],"presence":[210],"other":[212],"ophthalmologic":[213],"problems":[214],"needed":[216],"be":[218,385],"treated":[219],"first.":[220],"parent":[222],"being":[223,266],"person":[226],"noticed":[228],"problem,":[230],"having":[231],"their":[232],"own":[233],"means":[234],"transport,":[236],"higher":[239],"loss":[240],"income":[242],"admission":[244],"significant":[246],"presentation.":[253],"younger":[255],"age":[256],"mother":[259],"during":[260,312],"child's":[262],"birth,":[263],"patient":[265],"initially":[267],"seen":[268],"prior":[269,320],"lower":[275,292],"education":[276],"level":[277,348],"father,":[280],"use":[281],"public":[283],"transport":[284],"hospital,":[289],"travel":[293],"cost":[294],"per":[295],"visit":[296],"associated":[299],"decreasing":[307],"trend":[308],"after":[314],"pandemic":[317,381],"compared":[318],"pandemic.":[323],"Conclusion:":[324],"Unawareness":[325],"problem":[328],"led":[329],"signifying":[336],"how":[337,362],"high":[338],"barrier":[340],"this":[341],"at":[343,351,389,400],"household":[345],"community":[347,393],"rather":[349],"than":[350],"provider":[353,402],"level.":[354,403],"Economic":[355],"issues":[356],"represented":[361],"citizens":[363],"developing":[365],"countries":[366],"struggled":[367],"when":[368],"it":[369,396],"came":[370],"preparing":[372],"needs":[376],"healthcare.":[378],"shown":[383],"delaying":[387],"factor":[388],"individual":[391],"level,":[394],"but":[395],"lessened":[397],"Health":[404],"education,":[405],"screening":[407],"population,":[411],"support":[414],"are":[415],"recommended":[416],"overcome":[418],"barriers":[419],"prompt":[422],"cataract.":[426]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2026-09-18T00:00:00"}
