{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7213536799","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/25765299.2026.2728466","title":"Magnetic Fe 3 O 4 -modified mangrove biochar for adsorptive removal of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol","display_name":"Magnetic Fe 3 O 4 -modified mangrove biochar for adsorptive removal of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-09-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7213536799","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/25765299.2026.2728466"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/25765299.2026.2728466","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/25765299.2026.2728466","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/25765299.2026.2728466","pdf_url":"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/25765299.2026.2728466?needAccess=true","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210213799","display_name":"Arab Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences","issn_l":"2576-5299","issn":["2576-5299"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","poland-20","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Arab Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/25765299.2026.2728466?needAccess=true","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022132054","display_name":"Ayman Helmy Kamel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7502-6668","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7502-6668"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106663880","display_name":"University of Bahrain","ror":"https://ror.org/0317ekv86","country_code":"BH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106663880"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I107720978","display_name":"Ain Shams University","ror":"https://ror.org/00cb9w016","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I107720978"]}],"countries":["BH","EG"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ayman H. Kamel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Bahrain","Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7502-6668","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Bahrain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106663880"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I107720978"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025960444","display_name":"Layla J. Hazeem","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4697-6407","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4697-6407"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106663880","display_name":"University of Bahrain","ror":"https://ror.org/0317ekv86","country_code":"BH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106663880"]}],"countries":["BH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Layla Hazeem","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Bahrain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Bahrain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106663880"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063667376","display_name":"Ahmed Abd El\u2010Fattah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9282-8504","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9282-8504"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106663880","display_name":"University of Bahrain","ror":"https://ror.org/0317ekv86","country_code":"BH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106663880"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84524832","display_name":"Alexandria University","ror":"https://ror.org/00mzz1w90","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84524832"]}],"countries":["BH","EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ahmed Abd El-Fattah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Bahrain","Department of Materials Science, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Bahrain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106663880"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Materials Science, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84524832"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029001624","display_name":"Hisham S. M. Abd\u2010Rabboh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5023-8135","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5023-8135"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82952536","display_name":"King Khalid University","ror":"https://ror.org/052kwzs30","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82952536"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hisham S. M. Abd-Rabboh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Khalid University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Khalid University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82952536"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5152090960","display_name":"Wadeea K. Hasan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106663880","display_name":"University of Bahrain","ror":"https://ror.org/0317ekv86","country_code":"BH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106663880"]}],"countries":["BH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wadeea K. Hasan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Bahrain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Bahrain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106663880"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5022132054"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106663880","https://openalex.org/I107720978"],"apc_list":{"value":770,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":944},"apc_paid":{"value":770,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":944},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"33","issue":"1","first_page":"511","last_page":"532"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10016","display_name":"Adsorption and biosorption for pollutant removal","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10016","display_name":"Adsorption and biosorption for pollutant removal","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12078","display_name":"Environmental remediation with nanomaterials","score":0.000699999975040555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10088","display_name":"Thermochemical Biomass Conversion Processes","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2103","display_name":"Fuel Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/2-4-6-trichlorophenol","display_name":"2,4,6-trichlorophenol","score":0.9909999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fe3o4-nanoparticles","display_name":"Fe3O4 nanoparticles","score":0.8999999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetic-adsorbent","display_name":"magnetic adsorbent","score":0.8930000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adsorption","display_name":"adsorption","score":0.7680000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coprecipitation","display_name":"co-precipitation","score":0.7689999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/freundlich-isotherm","display_name":"Freundlich isotherm","score":0.8080000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adsorption-kinetics","display_name":"adsorption kinetics","score":0.9440000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adsorbent-regeneration","display_name":"adsorbent regeneration","score":0.8669999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/persistent-organic-pollutants","display_name":"persistent organic pollutants","score":0.7929999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pi-pi-stacking","display_name":"\u03c0-\u03c0 stacking","score":0.6480000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hydrogen-bonding","display_name":"hydrogen bonding","score":0.6790000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pore-filling","display_name":"pore filling","score":0.878000020980835}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56085101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905495","display_name":"Biochar","level":3,"score":0.6565999984741211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.5763000249862671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68874143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19756","display_name":"Mangrove","level":2,"score":0.446399986743927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150394285","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180254","display_name":"Adsorption","level":2,"score":0.4343999922275543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107872376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q321355","display_name":"Environmental chemistry","level":1,"score":0.43309998512268066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C526406351","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177463","display_name":"Charcoal","level":2,"score":0.350600004196167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.33980000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36759035","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176848","display_name":"Pyrolysis","level":2,"score":0.30140000581741333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C528095902","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2283886","display_name":"Pulp and paper industry","level":1,"score":0.28949999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548081761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180388","display_name":"Waste management","level":1,"score":0.27880001068115234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140205800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5860","display_name":"Carbon fibers","level":3,"score":0.26489999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779833257","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2663154","display_name":"Magnetic separation","level":2,"score":0.25769999623298645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147455438","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1057706","display_name":"Effluent","level":2,"score":0.2529999911785126}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/25765299.2026.2728466","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/25765299.2026.2728466","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/25765299.2026.2728466","pdf_url":"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/25765299.2026.2728466?needAccess=true","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210213799","display_name":"Arab Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences","issn_l":"2576-5299","issn":["2576-5299"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","poland-20","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Arab Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:bb2fdce5a2e74467a7a636e64a40236d","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/bb2fdce5a2e74467a7a636e64a40236d","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Arab Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, Vol 33, Iss 1, Pp 511-532 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/25765299.2026.2728466","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/25765299.2026.2728466","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/25765299.2026.2728466","pdf_url":"https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/25765299.2026.2728466?needAccess=true","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210213799","display_name":"Arab Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences","issn_l":"2576-5299","issn":["2576-5299"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","poland-20","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Arab Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/12","score":1.0,"display_name":"Responsible consumption and production"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6","score":0.9090999960899353,"display_name":"Clean water and sanitation"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G369624791","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RGP 2/282/45","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324433","funder_display_name":"King Khalid University"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000363189","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"project No. 2/2023.","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321167","funder_display_name":"University of Bahrain"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321167","display_name":"University of Bahrain","ror":"https://ror.org/0317ekv86"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324433","display_name":"King Khalid University","ror":"https://ror.org/052kwzs30"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7213536799.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7213536799.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":45,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1970263443","https://openalex.org/W2033051003","https://openalex.org/W2036562324","https://openalex.org/W2044594277","https://openalex.org/W2047803799","https://openalex.org/W2149809278","https://openalex.org/W2293658201","https://openalex.org/W2890476543","https://openalex.org/W2899078172","https://openalex.org/W2903213460","https://openalex.org/W2913077640","https://openalex.org/W2939179031","https://openalex.org/W3034522232","https://openalex.org/W3044252547","https://openalex.org/W3083157407","https://openalex.org/W3105961333","https://openalex.org/W3130350653","https://openalex.org/W3148655888","https://openalex.org/W3162402053","https://openalex.org/W3167666147","https://openalex.org/W4210483199","https://openalex.org/W4281874294","https://openalex.org/W4309773546","https://openalex.org/W4379230976","https://openalex.org/W4380995609","https://openalex.org/W4388037688","https://openalex.org/W4390511968","https://openalex.org/W4394824000","https://openalex.org/W4399156775","https://openalex.org/W4400227455","https://openalex.org/W4400603310","https://openalex.org/W4400966270","https://openalex.org/W4404108840","https://openalex.org/W4406363186","https://openalex.org/W4407774397","https://openalex.org/W4408121593","https://openalex.org/W4410456021","https://openalex.org/W4411988868","https://openalex.org/W4412157255","https://openalex.org/W4412189415","https://openalex.org/W4412686376","https://openalex.org/W4413106280","https://openalex.org/W4414334291","https://openalex.org/W4415453967","https://openalex.org/W7128593713"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7214684427","https://openalex.org/W2907765170","https://openalex.org/W4399654059","https://openalex.org/W4401169890","https://openalex.org/W4393359362","https://openalex.org/W7133304725","https://openalex.org/W4406288021","https://openalex.org/W3177492956","https://openalex.org/W2964390573","https://openalex.org/W3183503671"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"2,4,6-Trichlorophenol":[0],"(TCP)":[1],"is":[2,158],"a":[3,29,147],"persistent":[4],"organic":[5],"pollutant":[6],"with":[7,20,55,58],"low":[8],"biodegradability.":[9],"Mangrove":[10],"leaf":[11],"biomass":[12],"was":[13,66,99],"pyrolyzed":[14],"at":[15],"650":[16],"\u00b0C":[17],"and":[18,36,72,81,111],"functionalized":[19,143],"Fe\u2083O\u2084":[21,40],"nanoparticles":[22],"through":[23],"in":[24],"situ":[25],"co-precipitation":[26],"to":[27],"produce":[28],"magnetic":[30],"biochar":[31,145],"composite.":[32],"XRD,":[33],"FTIR,":[34],"SEM\u2013EDX,":[35],"BET":[37],"analyses":[38],"confirmed":[39],"incorporation":[41],"while":[42],"preserving":[43],"the":[44,87,115,125,133,139],"biochar\u2019s":[45],"mesoporous":[46],"structure.":[47],"Batch":[48],"experiments":[49],"demonstrated":[50],"enhanced":[51],"TCP":[52,152],"adsorption":[53,73,93,97,120],"compared":[54],"pristine":[56],"biochar,":[57],"removal":[59],"exceeding":[60],"90%":[61],"under":[62],"optimized":[63],"conditions.":[64],"Equilibrium":[65,84],"reached":[67],"within":[68],"approximately":[69,100,130],"90":[70],"min,":[71],"kinetics":[74],"were":[75],"adequately":[76],"described":[77],"by":[78,132],"both":[79],"pseudo-first-order":[80],"pseudo-second-order":[82],"models.":[83],"data":[85],"fitted":[86],"Freundlich":[88],"isotherm":[89],"better,":[90],"suggesting":[91],"heterogeneous":[92],"sites.":[94],"The":[95],"maximum":[96],"capacity":[98],"2.58":[101],"mg":[102],"g\u207b\u00b9.":[103],"Adsorption":[104],"likely":[105],"involved":[106],"\u03c0\u2013\u03c0":[107],"interactions,":[108],"hydrogen":[109],"bonding,":[110],"pore":[112],"filling.":[113],"Although":[114],"composite":[116],"remained":[117],"magnetically":[118,142],"recoverable,":[119],"efficiency":[121],"declined":[122],"sharply":[123],"after":[124],"second":[126],"regeneration":[127,156],"cycle,":[128],"reaching":[129],"20%":[131],"fifth":[134],"cycle.":[135],"These":[136],"findings":[137],"demonstrate":[138],"potential":[140],"of":[141],"mangrove-derived":[144],"as":[146],"readily":[148],"separable":[149],"adsorbent":[150],"for":[151,160],"removal.":[153],"However,":[154],"improved":[155],"stability":[157],"needed":[159],"repeated":[161],"practical":[162],"application.":[163]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-27T15:51:10.671819","created_date":"2026-09-18T00:00:00"}