{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7213515440","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3724/zdxbyxb-2026-0045","title":"Subtypes of social media addiction in adolescents and their characteristics of emotional reinforcement and attentional bias","display_name":"Subtypes of social media addiction in adolescents and their characteristics of emotional reinforcement and attentional bias","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7213515440","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3724/zdxbyxb-2026-0045","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42778522","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/13722846"},"language":"zh","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3724/zdxbyxb-2026-0045","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3724/zdxbyxb-2026-0045","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3724/zdxbyxb-2026-0045","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3012868290","display_name":"Journal of Zhejiang University (Medical Sciences)","issn_l":"1008-9292","issn":["1008-9292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","medline","poland-20","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319982","host_organization_name":"Science Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319982"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Science Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Zhejiang University (Medical Sciences)","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.3724/zdxbyxb-2026-0045","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5106135121","display_name":"Jingsong Wang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111753288","display_name":"Fujian Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/020azk594","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111753288"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jingsong WANG","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Physical Education and Sport Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China. 912079965@qq.com"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Physical Education and Sport Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China. 912079965@qq.com","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111753288"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5151999909","display_name":"Chicheng LI","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111753288","display_name":"Fujian Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/020azk594","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111753288"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chicheng LI","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Physical Education and Sport Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Physical Education and Sport Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111753288"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5152019379","display_name":"Chuangtao LI","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111753288","display_name":"Fujian Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/020azk594","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111753288"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chuangtao LI","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Physical Education and Sport Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Physical Education and Sport Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111753288"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5146450960","display_name":"Shaofeng Peng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-3357-3425","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0001-3357-3425"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111753288","display_name":"Fujian Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/020azk594","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111753288"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shaofeng PENG","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Physical Education and Sport Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Physical Education and Sport Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111753288"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102364834","display_name":"Shen WANG","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111753288","display_name":"Fujian Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/020azk594","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111753288"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Shen WANG","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Physical Education and Sport Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China. 18359117822@163.com"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Physical Education and Sport Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China. 18359117822@163.com","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111753288"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5102364834"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111753288"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.67738587,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"55","issue":"9","first_page":"817","last_page":"828"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10355","display_name":"Impact of Technology on Adolescents","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10355","display_name":"Impact of Technology on Adolescents","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12335","display_name":"Sexuality, Behavior, and Technology","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11705","display_name":"Gambling Behavior and Treatments","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-media-addiction","display_name":"social media addiction","score":0.9769999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adolescents","display_name":"adolescents","score":0.9039999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emotional-reinforcement","display_name":"emotional reinforcement","score":0.9769999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/attentional-bias","display_name":"attentional bias","score":0.9860000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emotional-stroop-task","display_name":"emotional Stroop task","score":0.6589999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/craving","display_name":"craving","score":0.593999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/impulsivity","display_name":"impulsivity","score":0.9120000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trait-affect","display_name":"trait affect","score":0.8730000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/addiction-severity","display_name":"addiction severity","score":0.7080000042915344}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152443987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10392227","display_name":"Attentional bias","level":3,"score":0.7986999750137329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48856860","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12029","display_name":"Addiction","level":2,"score":0.7864000201225281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.7727000117301941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67203356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321905","display_name":"Reinforcement","level":2,"score":0.5293999910354614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C518677369","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202833","display_name":"Social media","level":2,"score":0.4932999908924103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.47870001196861267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70410870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199906","display_name":"Clinical psychology","level":1,"score":0.2809000015258789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189216375","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1127759","display_name":"Cognitive bias","level":3,"score":0.27649998664855957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777271380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1513352","display_name":"Behavioral addiction","level":3,"score":0.27489998936653137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.27410000562667847}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000070379","descriptor_name":"Attentional Bias","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000082424","descriptor_name":"Internet Addiction Disorder","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000098624","descriptor_name":"Digital Media","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004644","descriptor_name":"Emotions","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011795","descriptor_name":"Surveys and Questionnaires","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012054","descriptor_name":"Reinforcement, Psychology","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016739","descriptor_name":"Behavior, Addictive","qualifier_ui":"Q000145","qualifier_name":"classification","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016739","descriptor_name":"Behavior, Addictive","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D061108","descriptor_name":"Social Media","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3724/zdxbyxb-2026-0045","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3724/zdxbyxb-2026-0045","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3724/zdxbyxb-2026-0045","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3012868290","display_name":"Journal of Zhejiang University (Medical Sciences)","issn_l":"1008-9292","issn":["1008-9292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","medline","poland-20","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319982","host_organization_name":"Science Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319982"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Science Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Zhejiang University (Medical Sciences)","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:42778522","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42778522","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Zhejiang da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Zhejiang University. Medical sciences","raw_type":"English Abstract"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:13722846","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13722846/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Zhejiang Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3724/zdxbyxb-2026-0045","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3724/zdxbyxb-2026-0045","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3724/zdxbyxb-2026-0045","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3012868290","display_name":"Journal of Zhejiang University (Medical Sciences)","issn_l":"1008-9292","issn":["1008-9292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","medline","poland-20","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319982","host_organization_name":"Science Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319982"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Science Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Zhejiang University (Medical Sciences)","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.8048999905586243,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":49,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W178691628","https://openalex.org/W1509473159","https://openalex.org/W1978611394","https://openalex.org/W1986364137","https://openalex.org/W2016712391","https://openalex.org/W2022991558","https://openalex.org/W2029009210","https://openalex.org/W2031163840","https://openalex.org/W2032794317","https://openalex.org/W2037954991","https://openalex.org/W2047660442","https://openalex.org/W2066848874","https://openalex.org/W2072527536","https://openalex.org/W2094109313","https://openalex.org/W2097718073","https://openalex.org/W2109898199","https://openalex.org/W2148905283","https://openalex.org/W2157335584","https://openalex.org/W2281245796","https://openalex.org/W2300872908","https://openalex.org/W2331661890","https://openalex.org/W2517793972","https://openalex.org/W2559822535","https://openalex.org/W2588846694","https://openalex.org/W2802200334","https://openalex.org/W2893390974","https://openalex.org/W2894447064","https://openalex.org/W2903488415","https://openalex.org/W2912429539","https://openalex.org/W2923985949","https://openalex.org/W2941523253","https://openalex.org/W2953836153","https://openalex.org/W3139293376","https://openalex.org/W3152941823","https://openalex.org/W3195749855","https://openalex.org/W3200180041","https://openalex.org/W3208908485","https://openalex.org/W3217249755","https://openalex.org/W4205145200","https://openalex.org/W4309434787","https://openalex.org/W4317569054","https://openalex.org/W4319068113","https://openalex.org/W4386263020","https://openalex.org/W4387966634","https://openalex.org/W4391907030","https://openalex.org/W4399050001","https://openalex.org/W4404854971","https://openalex.org/W4407039418","https://openalex.org/W4410313995"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7162756726","https://openalex.org/W4297471035","https://openalex.org/W4400416655","https://openalex.org/W4391841097","https://openalex.org/W4405060205","https://openalex.org/W3156549861","https://openalex.org/W4416189866","https://openalex.org/W3126223268","https://openalex.org/W4292239399","https://openalex.org/W7117329476"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"OBJECTIVES:":[0],"To":[1],"analyze":[2,232],"the":[3,55,77,84,98,152,155,218,244,247],"characteristics":[4,281],"of":[5,14,59,79,117,123,158,249],"emotional":[6,196,279],"reinforcement":[7,280],"and":[8,35,57,83,86,133,144,149,161,212,216,225,239,242,246,259,282],"attentional":[9,285],"bias":[10,286],"across":[11,147],"different":[12],"subtypes":[13,116,148],"social":[15,63,68,80,118,140,183,208,235,255,266],"media":[16,64,69,81,119,141,184,209,236,256,267],"addiction":[17,70,162,268],"in":[18,30,110,194,234,278],"adolescents.":[19],"METHODS:":[20],"Using":[21],"stratified":[22,173],"cluster":[23],"sampling,":[24],"2254":[25],"adolescents":[26],"from":[27],"four":[28],"schools":[29],"Fujian":[31],"Province":[32],"were":[33,39,136,169,229],"recruited,":[34],"2028":[36],"valid":[37],"samples":[38],"retained":[40],"after":[41,217,243],"screening.":[42],"A":[43,175],"self-designed":[44],"Social":[45],"Media":[46],"Use":[47],"Driving":[48],"Situations":[49],"Questionnaire":[50],"was":[51,73,91,108,192,204],"used":[52,74,92,137,193,205,230],"to":[53,75,93,113,138,150,206,231],"measure":[54,94,207],"types":[56],"intensity":[58,157],"emotion-driven":[60,159],"motivations":[61],"for":[62],"use.":[65],"The":[66],"Bergen":[67],"scale":[71,89,202],"(BSMAS)":[72],"assess":[76],"severity":[78],"addiction,":[82],"positive":[85],"negative":[87],"affect":[88,146],"(PANAS)":[90],"trait":[95,145],"affect.":[96],"With":[97],"six":[99],"BSMAS":[100],"items":[101],"as":[102],"observed":[103],"variables,":[104],"latent":[105],"profile":[106],"analysis":[107,122],"performed":[109],"Mplus":[111],"8.3":[112],"identify":[114],"heterogeneous":[115,274],"addiction.":[120],"One-way":[121],"variance":[124],"(ANOVA)":[125],"or":[126],"Kruskal-Wallis":[127],"H":[128],"test,":[129],"Pearson":[130,222],"correlation":[131,223,228],"analysis,":[132,224],"linear":[134],"regression":[135],"compare":[139],"use":[142,210,237,257],"duration":[143],"examine":[151],"association":[153],"between":[154],"motivational":[156],"situations":[160],"severity.":[163],"From":[164],"each":[165],"subtype,":[166],"20":[167],"participants":[168],"randomly":[170],"selected":[171],"by":[172],"sampling.":[174],"3":[176],"(prime":[177],"type:":[178,182],"positive/neutral/negative)\u00d72":[179],"(target":[180],"word":[181],"word/neutral":[185],"control":[186],"word)\u00d73":[187],"(group:":[188],"normal/at-risk/addicted)":[189],"mixed":[190],"design":[191],"an":[195],"Stroop":[197],"color-word":[198],"test.":[199,219],"Visual":[200],"analog":[201],"(VAS)":[203],"craving":[211,238,258],"behavioral":[213,260],"impulsivity":[214,240],"before":[215,241],"Repeated-measures":[220],"ANOVA,":[221],"Spearman":[226],"rank":[227],"changes":[233],"test":[245],"correlations":[248],"reaction":[250],"times":[251],"with":[252],"immediate":[253],"post-task":[254],"impulsivity.":[261],"RESULTS:":[262],"<0.05).":[263],"CONCLUSIONS:":[264],"Adolescent":[265],"can":[269],"be":[270],"classified":[271],"into":[272],"three":[273],"subtypes,":[275],"which":[276],"differ":[277],"exhibit":[283],"corresponding":[284],"patterns.":[287]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2026-09-18T00:00:00"}
