{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7213495152","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2609.18089","title":"FedPGT: Progressive Gradient Transmission for Vehicular Federated Learning over Time-Varying Channels","display_name":"FedPGT: Progressive Gradient Transmission for Vehicular Federated Learning over Time-Varying Channels","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-09-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7213495152","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2609.18089"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2609.18089","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.18089","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2609.18089","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["arxiv","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2609.18089","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100549511","display_name":"Jintao Yan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5540-5240","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5540-5240"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405271667","display_name":"Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02tcm9e24","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405271667"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yan, Jintao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology , Department of Electronic Engineering , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology , Department of Electronic Engineering , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405271667","https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5151992975","display_name":"Tan Chen","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405271667","display_name":"Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02tcm9e24","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405271667"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chen, Tan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology , Department of Electronic Engineering , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology , Department of Electronic Engineering , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405271667","https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5151751321","display_name":"Yuxuan Sun","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405271667","display_name":"Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02tcm9e24","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405271667"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sun, Yuxuan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology , Department of Electronic Engineering , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology , Department of Electronic Engineering , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405271667","https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5123931670","display_name":"Sheng Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3645-1041","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3645-1041"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21193070","display_name":"Beijing Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/01yj56c84","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405271667","display_name":"Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02tcm9e24","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405271667"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhou, Sheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology , Department of Electronic Engineering , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China","School of Electronic and Information Engineering , Bei- jing Jiaotong University , Beijing 100044 , China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology , Department of Electronic Engineering , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405271667","https://openalex.org/I99065089"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Information Engineering , Bei- jing Jiaotong University , Beijing 100044 , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079749340","display_name":"Zhisheng Niu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0420-2024","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0420-2024"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405271667","display_name":"Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02tcm9e24","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405271667"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Niu, Zhisheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology , Department of Electronic Engineering , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology , Department of Electronic Engineering , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405271667","https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":0.9785000085830688,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":0.9785000085830688,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10761","display_name":"Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs)","score":0.013399999588727951,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.0010000000474974513,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-varying-channels","display_name":"time-varying channels","score":0.9240000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gradient-sparsification","display_name":"gradient sparsification","score":0.9300000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/communication-resource-allocation","display_name":"communication resource allocation","score":0.9200000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vehicular-mobility","display_name":"vehicle mobility","score":0.6489999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convergence-bounds","display_name":"convergence bounds","score":0.8209999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power-law-decay","display_name":"power-law decay","score":0.8119999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lyapunov-drift-plus-penalty","display_name":"Lyapunov drift-plus-penalty","score":0.8759999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/online-scheduling","display_name":"online scheduling","score":0.9150000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trajectory-prediction","display_name":"trajectory prediction","score":0.5920000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-classification","display_name":"image classification","score":0.640999972820282}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7874000072479248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29202148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q287260","display_name":"Resource allocation","level":2,"score":0.544700026512146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.5422999858856201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.4805000126361847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.43540000915527344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777303404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759757","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","level":2,"score":0.42910000681877136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137836250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q984063","display_name":"Optimization problem","level":2,"score":0.41749998927116394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13662910","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193139","display_name":"Trajectory","level":2,"score":0.40540000796318054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101403955","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6707083","display_name":"Lyapunov optimization","level":5,"score":0.38659998774528503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205711294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176953","display_name":"Rendering (computer graphics)","level":2,"score":0.3628999888896942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.361299991607666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.3472999930381775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C557945733","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q389772","display_name":"Data transmission","level":2,"score":0.335999995470047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206345919","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20380951","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","level":2,"score":0.329800009727478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111335779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454686","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.3296000063419342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.31200000643730164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114237682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5072483","display_name":"Channel allocation schemes","level":3,"score":0.29789999127388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.2957000136375427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77618280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155772","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.2944999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.29420000314712524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780609101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17156588","display_name":"Resource management (computing)","level":2,"score":0.29420000314712524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.28290000557899475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992525071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50818671","display_name":"Federated learning","level":2,"score":0.2791000008583069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153258448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1199743","display_name":"Gradient descent","level":3,"score":0.2754000127315521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108921912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7834639","display_name":"Transmission delay","level":3,"score":0.2621000111103058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47796450","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q508378","display_name":"Intelligent transportation system","level":2,"score":0.26109999418258667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60640748","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2337858","display_name":"Lyapunov function","level":3,"score":0.2572000026702881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.25679999589920044}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2609.18089","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.18089","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2609.18089","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2609.18089","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2609.18089","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2609.18089","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2609.18089","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.18089","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2609.18089","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.7207000255584717}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7213495152.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7213495152.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4410949744","https://openalex.org/W4414647688","https://openalex.org/W7127739588","https://openalex.org/W4312971812","https://openalex.org/W4409761391","https://openalex.org/W7125954122","https://openalex.org/W7168274273","https://openalex.org/W4412404461","https://openalex.org/W4402834325","https://openalex.org/W4408861991"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Vehicular":[0],"federated":[1],"learning":[2,213],"(VFL)":[3],"enables":[4],"privacy-preserving":[5],"collaborative":[6],"model":[7],"training":[8],"for":[9,59,109,157,168],"intelligent":[10],"transportation":[11],"systems,":[12],"where":[13,64,112],"communication":[14,26],"resource":[15,42,165],"allocation":[16,43,166],"and":[17,37,44,90,141,190],"gradient":[18,56,69,88],"sparsification":[19,45],"techniques":[20],"have":[21],"been":[22],"explored":[23],"to":[24,32,73,133,211],"reduce":[25],"overhead.":[27],"However,":[28],"vehicle":[29],"mobility":[30],"leads":[31],"rapidly":[33],"varying":[34],"channel":[35,75],"conditions":[36],"transmission":[38,57,131],"capacity,":[39],"rendering":[40],"predetermined":[41],"decisions":[46],"ineffective.":[47],"In":[48],"this":[49,101,125],"paper,":[50],"we":[51,103,127],"propose":[52],"FedPGT,":[53],"a":[54,79,96,105,118,153,163,180,191],"progressive":[55],"scheme":[58,178],"VFL":[60],"over":[61],"time-varying":[62],"channels,":[63],"vehicles":[65],"progressively":[66],"transmit":[67],"high-magnitude":[68],"entries":[70,89],"in":[71,117,194],"response":[72],"instantaneous":[74],"conditions.":[76],"We":[77,160],"establish":[78],"convergence":[80],"bound":[81],"that":[82,175],"characterizes":[83],"the":[84,113,135,143,176,185,199],"impact":[85],"of":[86],"transmitted":[87],"reveals":[91],"diminishing-return":[92],"behavior":[93],"governed":[94],"by":[95,100],"power-law":[97],"decay.":[98],"Motivated":[99],"result,":[102],"formulate":[104],"stochastic":[106],"optimization":[107,150],"problem":[108],"online":[110,158,170],"decision-making,":[111],"main":[114],"challenge":[115],"lies":[116],"cumulatively":[119],"coupled,":[120],"non-separable":[121],"objective.":[122],"To":[123],"handle":[124],"challenge,":[126],"introduce":[128],"per-slot":[129,149],"surrogate":[130],"variables":[132],"decouple":[134],"long-term":[136],"dependence":[137],"across":[138],"time":[139],"slots":[140],"convert":[142],"original":[144],"objective":[145],"into":[146],"an":[147],"additive":[148],"problem,":[151],"enabling":[152],"Lyapunov":[154],"drift-plus-penalty":[155],"approach":[156],"scheduling.":[159],"further":[161],"develop":[162],"low-complexity":[164],"algorithm":[167],"efficient":[169],"implementation.":[171],"Experimental":[172],"results":[173],"demonstrate":[174],"proposed":[177],"achieves":[179],"3.65%":[181],"accuracy":[182],"improvement":[183],"on":[184,198],"CIFAR-10":[186],"image":[187],"classification":[188],"task":[189,203],"12.66%":[192],"reduction":[193],"average":[195],"displacement":[196],"error":[197],"Argoverse":[200],"trajectory":[201],"prediction":[202],"compared":[204],"with":[205],"state-of-the-art":[206],"baselines,":[207],"demonstrating":[208],"its":[209],"applicability":[210],"diverse":[212],"tasks":[214],"under":[215],"highly":[216],"dynamic":[217],"vehicular":[218],"environments.":[219]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-06T12:05:46.655746","created_date":"2026-09-18T00:00:00"}
