{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7213428201","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31138/mjr.061225.ldt","title":"Rheumatoid Arthritis-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease Mortality Trends in the United States: A Population-Based Analysis (1999\u20132020)","display_name":"Rheumatoid Arthritis-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease Mortality Trends in the United States: A Population-Based Analysis (1999\u20132020)","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7213428201","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31138/mjr.061225.ldt","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42756563","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/13583195"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.31138/mjr.061225.ldt","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31138/mjr.061225.ldt","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.31138/mjr.061225.ldt","pdf_url":"https://mjrheum.org/assets/files/792/file772_2586.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210235892","display_name":"Mediterranean Journal of Rheumatology","issn_l":"2529-198X","issn":["2529-198X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doyens","poland-20","russia-white-list-4","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Mediterranean Journal of Rheumatology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://mjrheum.org/assets/files/792/file772_2586.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075535292","display_name":"Farheen Malik","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2221-1197","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2221-1197"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129975664","display_name":"Albert Einstein College of Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/05cf8a891","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129975664","https://openalex.org/I4210112371"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800364127","display_name":"Jacobi Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05hcfns23","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800364127"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Farheen Malik","raw_affiliation_strings":["Internal Medicine Residency Program, Jacobi Medical Centre - Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Internal Medicine Residency Program, Jacobi Medical Centre - Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129975664","https://openalex.org/I2800364127"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109679267","display_name":"Jawad Ahmed","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5971-5072","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5971-5072"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405259230","display_name":"Community Health Systems - Northwest Health - Porter","ror":"https://ror.org/01yj99h06","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405259010","https://openalex.org/I4405259230"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jawad Ahmed","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medicine, Northwest Health Porter, Valparaiso, IN, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medicine, Northwest Health Porter, Valparaiso, IN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405259230"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5125454817","display_name":"Mandar Shah","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129975664","display_name":"Albert Einstein College of Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/05cf8a891","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129975664","https://openalex.org/I4210112371"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800364127","display_name":"Jacobi Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05hcfns23","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800364127"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mandar Shah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Internal Medicine Residency Program, Jacobi Medical Centre - Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Internal Medicine Residency Program, Jacobi Medical Centre - Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129975664","https://openalex.org/I2800364127"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5151911340","display_name":"Ritika Uttam","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129975664","display_name":"Albert Einstein College of Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/05cf8a891","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129975664","https://openalex.org/I4210112371"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800364127","display_name":"Jacobi Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05hcfns23","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800364127"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ritika Uttam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Internal Medicine Residency Program, Jacobi Medical Centre - Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Internal Medicine Residency Program, Jacobi Medical Centre - Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129975664","https://openalex.org/I2800364127"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059880007","display_name":"Muhammad Fahimuddin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4406-8820","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4406-8820"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129975664","display_name":"Albert Einstein College of Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/05cf8a891","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129975664","https://openalex.org/I4210112371"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800364127","display_name":"Jacobi Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05hcfns23","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800364127"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Fahimuddin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medicine, Jacobi Medical Centre - Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medicine, Jacobi Medical Centre - Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129975664","https://openalex.org/I2800364127"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5151911340"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129975664","https://openalex.org/I2800364127"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"37","issue":"3","first_page":"557","last_page":"561"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10870","display_name":"Interstitial Lung Diseases and Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis","score":0.9839000105857849,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10870","display_name":"Interstitial Lung Diseases and Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis","score":0.9839000105857849,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10200","display_name":"Rheumatoid Arthritis Research and Therapies","score":0.008700000122189522,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2745","display_name":"Rheumatology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11330","display_name":"Systemic Sclerosis and Related Diseases","score":0.0034000000450760126,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2745","display_name":"Rheumatology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rheumatoid-arthritis","display_name":"rheumatoid arthritis","score":0.8740000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interstitial-lung-disease","display_name":"interstitial lung disease","score":0.972000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mortality-trends","display_name":"mortality trends","score":0.8759999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/racial-disparities","display_name":"racial disparities","score":0.6050000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sex-differences","display_name":"sex differences","score":0.6570000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geographic-disparities","display_name":"geographic disparities","score":0.9610000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-rural-differences","display_name":"urban-rural differences","score":0.8460000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/american-indians-and-alaska-natives","display_name":"American Indians and Alaska Natives","score":0.8479999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/non-hispanic-blacks","display_name":"non-Hispanic blacks","score":0.777999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/juvenile-idiopathic-arthritis","display_name":"juvenile idiopathic arthritis","score":0.7260000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/age-adjusted-mortality-rates","display_name":"age-adjusted mortality rates","score":0.6539999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-care-equity","display_name":"health care equity","score":0.3790000081062317}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8615000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777543607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1153419","display_name":"Interstitial lung disease","level":3,"score":0.5795999765396118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.5720999836921692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.36980000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107130276","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133805","display_name":"Epidemiology","level":2,"score":0.357699990272522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61511704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1671857","display_name":"Incidence (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.3215000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983914783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3286546","display_name":"Lung disease","level":3,"score":0.3125999867916107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777714996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7886","display_name":"Lung","level":2,"score":0.2996000051498413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776178081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3286546","display_name":"Respiratory disease","level":3,"score":0.2791999876499176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.27459999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778341716","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2290446","display_name":"Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis","level":3,"score":0.2721000015735626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.26910001039505005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779473830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540899","display_name":"MEDLINE","level":2,"score":0.2603999972343445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.2574000060558319}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.31138/mjr.061225.ldt","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31138/mjr.061225.ldt","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.31138/mjr.061225.ldt","pdf_url":"https://mjrheum.org/assets/files/792/file772_2586.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210235892","display_name":"Mediterranean Journal of Rheumatology","issn_l":"2529-198X","issn":["2529-198X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doyens","poland-20","russia-white-list-4","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Mediterranean Journal of Rheumatology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:13583195","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13583195/","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13583195/pdf/MJR-37-3-557.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Mediterr J Rheumatol","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:42756563","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42756563","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Mediterranean journal of rheumatology","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.31138/mjr.061225.ldt","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31138/mjr.061225.ldt","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.31138/mjr.061225.ldt","pdf_url":"https://mjrheum.org/assets/files/792/file772_2586.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210235892","display_name":"Mediterranean Journal of Rheumatology","issn_l":"2529-198X","issn":["2529-198X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doyens","poland-20","russia-white-list-4","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Mediterranean Journal of Rheumatology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":1.0},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.7578999996185303}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7213428201.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7213428201.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2004304522","https://openalex.org/W2106501933","https://openalex.org/W2112568653","https://openalex.org/W2154362046","https://openalex.org/W2913884302","https://openalex.org/W3131723882","https://openalex.org/W3152720975","https://openalex.org/W3157904672","https://openalex.org/W3173572337","https://openalex.org/W4402332317"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7214630747","https://openalex.org/W3157904672","https://openalex.org/W6920967754","https://openalex.org/W4244588097","https://openalex.org/W2106501933","https://openalex.org/W4376505801","https://openalex.org/W7115060848","https://openalex.org/W3125227389","https://openalex.org/W4389219592","https://openalex.org/W4205696365"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Objective:":[0],"To":[1],"evaluate":[2],"long":[3],"term":[4],"trends":[5],"and":[6,9,49,62,96,108,115,173,199,221,230],"demographic,":[7],"racial,":[8,229],"geographic":[10],"disparities":[11,194,232],"in":[12,23,133,137,197],"mortality":[13,77,167],"related":[14,121],"to":[15,29,135,144,188,218],"rheumatoid":[16,59],"arthritis":[17,60],"associated":[18],"interstitial":[19,63],"lung":[20,64],"disease":[21,65],"(RA-ILD)":[22],"the":[24,37,86,165,178,209,234],"United":[25],"States":[26],"from":[27,36,131,186,204],"1999":[28,114,134],"2020.":[30],"Methods:":[31],"Mortality":[32,203],"data":[33],"were":[34,52,69,83,92,118],"taken":[35],"CDC":[38],"WONDER":[39],"Multiple":[40],"Cause":[41],"of":[42,150,224],"Death":[43],"database":[44],"for":[45,58,236],"individuals":[46,82,163],"aged":[47],"15":[48],"older.":[50],"Deaths":[51],"included":[53],"if":[54],"both":[55],"ICD-10":[56],"codes":[57],"(M05-M06)":[61],"with":[66],"fibrosis":[67],"(J84.1)":[68],"recorded;":[70],"juvenile":[71],"RA":[72],"(M08.0)":[73],"was":[74,126],"excluded.":[75],"Age-adjusted":[76],"rates":[78],"(AAMRs)":[79],"per":[80,128],"100,000":[81],"computed":[84],"using":[85],"2000":[87],"U.S.":[88],"standard":[89],"population.":[90],"Trends":[91],"analysed":[93],"through":[94],"average":[95],"segmented":[97],"annual":[98],"percent":[99],"changes":[100],"(AAPC,":[101],"APC)":[102],"by":[103],"sex,":[104],"age,":[105],"race/ethnicity,":[106],"geography,":[107],"rural":[109],"urban":[110],"classification.":[111],"Results:":[112],"Between":[113],"2020,":[116],"there":[117],"10,171":[119],"RA-ILD":[120,205],"deaths.":[122],"The":[123,181],"overall":[124],"AAMR":[125],"0.2":[127,132],"100,000,":[129],"declining":[130],"0.1":[136],"2020":[138],"(AAPC":[139],"-3.08;":[140],"95%":[141],"CI":[142],"-4.79":[143],"-2.28;":[145],"p<0.01).":[146],"Females":[147],"represented":[148],"63.5%":[149],"deaths,":[151],"exhibiting":[152],"higher":[153],"AAMRs":[154],"than":[155],"males":[156],"(0.2":[157],"versus":[158],"0.1).":[159],"American":[160],"Indian/Alaska":[161],"Native":[162],"had":[164,177],"highest":[166],"rate":[168],"(0.5),":[169],"while":[170],"non-Hispanic":[171],"Black":[172],"Asian/Pacific":[174],"Islander":[175],"groups":[176],"lowest":[179],"(0.1).":[180],"most":[182],"significant":[183],"decline":[184],"occurred":[185],"2014":[187],"2017":[189],"(APC":[190],"-24.09;":[191],"p<0.05).":[192],"Geographic":[193],"persisted,":[195],"especially":[196],"northern":[198],"western":[200],"states.":[201],"Conclusion:":[202],"has":[206],"decreased":[207],"over":[208],"past":[210],"two":[211],"decades,":[212],"particularly":[213],"post":[214],"2014,":[215],"likely":[216],"due":[217],"enhanced":[219],"management":[220],"early":[222],"detection":[223],"ILD.":[225],"However,":[226],"ongoing":[227],"gender,":[228],"regional":[231],"emphasise":[233],"necessity":[235],"equitable":[237],"healthcare":[238],"access.":[239]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-12T12:28:57.059296","created_date":"2026-09-17T00:00:00"}
