{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7213426951","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2609.16577","title":"Nonlinear Photocurrent Spectroscopy and Polarization-Tunable Shift Current in the Layered Semiconductor $\\mathrm{CuScP_2S_6}$","display_name":"Nonlinear Photocurrent Spectroscopy and Polarization-Tunable Shift Current in the Layered Semiconductor $\\mathrm{CuScP_2S_6}$","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-09-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7213426951","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2609.16577"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2609.16577","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.16577","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2609.16577","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["arxiv","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2609.16577","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5119913796","display_name":"Alexander Blackston","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6168-697X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6168-697X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52357470","display_name":"The Ohio State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00rs6vg23","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Blackston, Alexander M.","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept. of Material Science and Engineering , The Ohio State University , Columbus , Ohio , 43210 , USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Material Science and Engineering , The Ohio State University , Columbus , Ohio , 43210 , USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5120066612","display_name":"Md. Kazi Rokunuzzaman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9038-5623","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9038-5623"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rokunuzzaman, Md Kazi","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063057826","display_name":"Ryan Siebenaller","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-2613-7119","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0007-2613-7119"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1280414376","display_name":"United States Air Force Research Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2egq70","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1280414376","https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I4210102105","https://openalex.org/I4389425425"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799950915","display_name":"Wright-Patterson Air Force Base","ror":"https://ror.org/0097e1k27","country_code":"US","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I2799950915","https://openalex.org/I4210089612","https://openalex.org/I4210102105"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4388482690","display_name":"Wright Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/03jvtcb24","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1280414376","https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I4210102105","https://openalex.org/I4388482690","https://openalex.org/I4389425425"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52357470","display_name":"The Ohio State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00rs6vg23","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Siebenaller, Ryan P.","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept. of Material Science and Engineering , The Ohio State University , Columbus , Ohio , 43210 , USA","Foundational Technologies Directorate , Air Force Research Laboratory , Wright-Patterson Air Force Base , OH , 45433 , USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Material Science and Engineering , The Ohio State University , Columbus , Ohio , 43210 , USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Foundational Technologies Directorate , Air Force Research Laboratory , Wright-Patterson Air Force Base , OH , 45433 , USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1280414376","https://openalex.org/I2799950915","https://openalex.org/I4388482690"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5136551454","display_name":"Shashu Tomar","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52357470","display_name":"The Ohio State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00rs6vg23","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tomar, Shashu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept. of Physics , The Ohio State University , Columbus , Ohio , 43210 , USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Physics , The Ohio State University , Columbus , Ohio , 43210 , USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054120662","display_name":"Enam Chowdhury","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6259-202X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6259-202X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52357470","display_name":"The Ohio State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00rs6vg23","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chowdhury, Enam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept. of Material Science and Engineering , The Ohio State University , Columbus , Ohio , 43210 , USA","Dept. of Physics , The Ohio State University , Columbus , Ohio , 43210 , USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Material Science and Engineering , The Ohio State University , Columbus , Ohio , 43210 , USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Physics , The Ohio State University , Columbus , Ohio , 43210 , USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013754182","display_name":"Michael A. Susner","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1211-8749","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1211-8749"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1280414376","display_name":"United States Air Force Research Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2egq70","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1280414376","https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I4210102105","https://openalex.org/I4389425425"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799950915","display_name":"Wright-Patterson Air Force Base","ror":"https://ror.org/0097e1k27","country_code":"US","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I2799950915","https://openalex.org/I4210089612","https://openalex.org/I4210102105"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4388482690","display_name":"Wright Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/03jvtcb24","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1280414376","https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I4210102105","https://openalex.org/I4388482690","https://openalex.org/I4389425425"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Susner, Michael A.","raw_affiliation_strings":["Foundational Technologies Directorate , Air Force Research Laboratory , Wright-Patterson Air Force Base , OH , 45433 , USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Foundational Technologies Directorate , Air Force Research Laboratory , Wright-Patterson Air Force Base , OH , 45433 , USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1280414376","https://openalex.org/I2799950915","https://openalex.org/I4388482690"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5136517045","display_name":"Roberto C. Myers","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Myers, Roberto C.","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10275","display_name":"2D Materials and Applications","score":0.826200008392334,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10275","display_name":"2D Materials and Applications","score":0.826200008392334,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10657","display_name":"Topological Materials and Phenomena","score":0.09390000253915787,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3104","display_name":"Condensed Matter Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10939","display_name":"Crystal Structures and Properties","score":0.020400000736117363,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2504","display_name":"Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shift-current","display_name":"shift current","score":0.8859999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bulk-photovoltaic-effect","display_name":"bulk photovoltaic effect","score":0.8330000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/two-photon-absorption","display_name":"two-photon absorption","score":0.8199999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/one-photon-absorption","display_name":"one-photon absorption","score":0.9739999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interband-transitions","display_name":"interband transitions","score":0.7609999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/band-gap","display_name":"band gap","score":0.6150000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronic-devices","display_name":"optoelectronic devices","score":0.5590000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonlinear-optical-devices","display_name":"nonlinear optical devices","score":0.4690000116825104}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779845233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3381567","display_name":"Photocurrent","level":2,"score":0.8840000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.7139000296592712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.6811000108718872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85080765","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q614893","display_name":"Photoluminescence","level":2,"score":0.5318999886512756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125287762","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1758948","display_name":"Absorption (acoustics)","level":2,"score":0.5311999917030334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108225325","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11456","display_name":"Semiconductor","level":2,"score":0.5206000208854675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181966813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q806352","display_name":"Band gap","level":2,"score":0.5080999732017517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205049153","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2698605","display_name":"Polarization (electrochemistry)","level":2,"score":0.5008999705314636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201999631","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2601129","display_name":"Photoconductivity","level":2,"score":0.49399998784065247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778785133","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25303639","display_name":"Photon energy","level":3,"score":0.4691999852657318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20788544","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q467054","display_name":"Photonics","level":2,"score":0.4410000145435333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99844830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q102441924","display_name":"Scaling","level":2,"score":0.4142000079154968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101075120","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q231917","display_name":"Two-photon absorption","level":3,"score":0.39250001311302185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67377204","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2075856","display_name":"Photovoltaic effect","level":3,"score":0.39239999651908875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32891209","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483666","display_name":"Spectroscopy","level":2,"score":0.3862999975681305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42057802","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4769936","display_name":"Anomalous photovoltaic effect","level":4,"score":0.3497999906539917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159317903","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3198","display_name":"Photon","level":2,"score":0.34540000557899475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41291067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1897785","display_name":"Photovoltaic system","level":2,"score":0.3402000069618225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159774933","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q902086","display_name":"Attenuation coefficient","level":2,"score":0.33869999647140503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119824511","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13553575","display_name":"Absorption spectroscopy","level":2,"score":0.33390000462532043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777361361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1112585","display_name":"Polarity (international relations)","level":3,"score":0.32850000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542589376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192127","display_name":"Photovoltaics","level":3,"score":0.320499986410141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125469278","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q806380","display_name":"Electronic band structure","level":2,"score":0.3093999922275543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23125352","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210765","display_name":"Photodetector","level":2,"score":0.3093000054359436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2991936344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q756033","display_name":"Nonlinear optical","level":3,"score":0.28929999470710754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.2809999883174896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C510052550","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q422819","display_name":"Gallium arsenide","level":2,"score":0.27090001106262207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78854221","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q756033","display_name":"Nonlinear optics","level":3,"score":0.26429998874664307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158622935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660848","display_name":"Nonlinear system","level":2,"score":0.2563000023365021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C544956773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q670","display_name":"Silicon","level":2,"score":0.2524000108242035}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2609.16577","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.16577","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2609.16577","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2609.16577","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2609.16577","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2609.16577","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2609.16577","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.16577","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2609.16577","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7213426951.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7213426951.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":1,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391346947"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4308369604","https://openalex.org/W1978701490","https://openalex.org/W4411930592","https://openalex.org/W4280510814","https://openalex.org/W4388738866","https://openalex.org/W7135327428","https://openalex.org/W2346384883","https://openalex.org/W4206965423","https://openalex.org/W3203051450","https://openalex.org/W2068456522"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"class":[1],"of":[2,56],"layered":[3],"metal":[4],"thiophosphates":[5],"and":[6,16,25,42,48,64,84],"selenophosphates":[7],"are":[8,104],"emerging":[9],"as":[10,35,120],"promising":[11],"candidates":[12],"for":[13,124],"non-linear":[14,126],"photonic":[15],"optoelectronic":[17],"applications.":[18],"Here":[19],"we":[20],"report":[21],"one-photon":[22],"absorption":[23,27],"(1PA)":[24],"two-photon":[26],"(2PA)":[28],"induced":[29],"photocurrents":[30],"in":[31],"$CuScP_2S_6$,":[32],"establishing":[33],"it":[34],"an":[36],"optoelectronically-active":[37],"non-centrosymmetric":[38],"semiconductor.":[39],"Spectrally-resolved":[40],"1PA":[41],"2PA":[43],"photoresponsivity":[44],"paired":[45],"with":[46,76,94,106],"photoluminescence":[47],"differential":[49],"reflectance":[50],"measurements":[51],"reveal":[52],"a":[53,77,95,107,121],"band":[54],"gap":[55,66],"2.35":[57],"eV,":[58],"several":[59],"higher":[60],"energy":[61,83],"interband":[62],"transitions,":[63],"sub-band":[65],"multiphoton":[67],"excitonic":[68],"transitions.":[69],"Vertical":[70],"graphite/$CuScP_2S_6$/graphite":[71],"devices":[72],"exhibit":[73],"zero-bias":[74],"photocurrent":[75],"polarity":[78],"controlled":[79],"by":[80],"both":[81],"photon":[82],"optical":[85],"polarization":[86],"orientation":[87],"within":[88],"the":[89],"ab-plane.":[90],"This":[91],"sign-dependence":[92],"combined":[93],"characteristic":[96],"power-law":[97],"transition":[98],"from":[99],"linear":[100],"to":[101,110],"square-root":[102],"scaling":[103],"consistent":[105],"shift-current":[108],"origin":[109],"this":[111],"bulk":[112],"photovoltaic":[113],"effect":[114],"(BPVE).":[115],"These":[116],"findings":[117],"establish":[118],"$CuScP_2S_6$":[119],"multi-functional":[122],"platform":[123],"polarization-sensitive":[125],"optoelectronics.":[127]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2026-09-17T00:00:00"}