{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7213368154","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.09.12.26362900","title":"Wastewater Treatment Attenuates Ecological and Human Health Resistome Risk","display_name":"Wastewater Treatment Attenuates Ecological and Human Health Resistome Risk","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-09-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7213368154","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.09.12.26362900"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.64898/2026.09.12.26362900","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.09.12.26362900","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.09.12.26362900","pdf_url":"https://www.medrxiv.org/content/medrxiv/early/2026/09/14/2026.09.12.26362900.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3005729997","display_name":"medRxiv","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315909"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press"],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"medRxiv","raw_type":"posted-content"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.medrxiv.org/content/medrxiv/early/2026/09/14/2026.09.12.26362900.full.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5151711427","display_name":"Rose O Elliott","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3305-0917","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3305-0917"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210092773","display_name":"UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology","ror":"https://ror.org/00pggkr55","country_code":"GB","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210092773"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rose O. Elliott","raw_affiliation_strings":["UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Benson Lane, Crowmarsh Gifford, Wallingford, OX10 8BB, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3305-0917","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Benson Lane, Crowmarsh Gifford, Wallingford, OX10 8BB, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210092773"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076542790","display_name":"Susheel Bhanu Busi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7559-3400","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7559-3400"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210092773","display_name":"UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology","ror":"https://ror.org/00pggkr55","country_code":"GB","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210092773"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Susheel Bhanu Busi","raw_affiliation_strings":["UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Benson Lane, Crowmarsh Gifford, Wallingford, OX10 8BB, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7559-3400","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Benson Lane, Crowmarsh Gifford, Wallingford, OX10 8BB, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210092773"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016600247","display_name":"Lindsay K. Newbold","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8895-1406","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8895-1406"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210092773","display_name":"UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology","ror":"https://ror.org/00pggkr55","country_code":"GB","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210092773"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lindsay K. Newbold","raw_affiliation_strings":["UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Benson Lane, Crowmarsh Gifford, Wallingford, OX10 8BB, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8895-1406","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Benson Lane, Crowmarsh Gifford, Wallingford, OX10 8BB, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210092773"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003487374","display_name":"Michael J. Bowes","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0673-1934","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0673-1934"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210092773","display_name":"UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology","ror":"https://ror.org/00pggkr55","country_code":"GB","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210092773"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael J. Bowes","raw_affiliation_strings":["UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Benson Lane, Crowmarsh Gifford, Wallingford, OX10 8BB, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0673-1934","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Benson Lane, Crowmarsh Gifford, Wallingford, OX10 8BB, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210092773"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5137549813","display_name":"L. Armstrong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-3036-5215","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0009-3036-5215"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210092773","display_name":"UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology","ror":"https://ror.org/00pggkr55","country_code":"GB","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210092773"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Linda K. Armstrong","raw_affiliation_strings":["UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Benson Lane, Crowmarsh Gifford, Wallingford, OX10 8BB, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-3036-5215","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Benson Lane, Crowmarsh Gifford, Wallingford, OX10 8BB, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210092773"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5137558192","display_name":"D. Nicholls","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-7309-6650","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0005-7309-6650"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210092773","display_name":"UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology","ror":"https://ror.org/00pggkr55","country_code":"GB","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210092773"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David J. E. Nicholls","raw_affiliation_strings":["UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Benson Lane, Crowmarsh Gifford, Wallingford, OX10 8BB, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-7309-6650","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Benson Lane, Crowmarsh Gifford, Wallingford, OX10 8BB, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210092773"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009431634","display_name":"Hyun S. Gweon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6218-6301","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6218-6301"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I71052956","display_name":"University of Reading","ror":"https://ror.org/05v62cm79","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71052956"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hyun S. Gweon","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Reading, Whiteknights Campus, Reading, RG6 6UR, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6218-6301","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Reading, Whiteknights Campus, Reading, RG6 6UR, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71052956"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034486320","display_name":"Barbara Kasprzyk\u2010Hordern","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6809-2875","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6809-2875"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51601045","display_name":"University of Bath","ror":"https://ror.org/002h8g185","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51601045"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Barbara Kasprzyk-Hordern","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, BA2 7AY, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6809-2875","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, BA2 7AY, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51601045"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011141863","display_name":"Daniel S. Read","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8546-5154","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8546-5154"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210092773","display_name":"UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology","ror":"https://ror.org/00pggkr55","country_code":"GB","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210092773"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniel S. Read","raw_affiliation_strings":["UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Benson Lane, Crowmarsh Gifford, Wallingford, OX10 8BB, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8546-5154","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Benson Lane, Crowmarsh Gifford, Wallingford, OX10 8BB, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210092773"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049286184","display_name":"Holly J. Tipper","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1857-9204","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1857-9204"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210092773","display_name":"UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology","ror":"https://ror.org/00pggkr55","country_code":"GB","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210092773"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Holly Tipper","raw_affiliation_strings":["UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Benson Lane, Crowmarsh Gifford, Wallingford, OX10 8BB, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1857-9204","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Benson Lane, Crowmarsh Gifford, Wallingford, OX10 8BB, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210092773"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5049286184"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210092773"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10419","display_name":"Pharmaceutical and Antibiotic Environmental Impacts","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2310","display_name":"Pollution"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10419","display_name":"Pharmaceutical and Antibiotic Environmental Impacts","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2310","display_name":"Pollution"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10147","display_name":"Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria","score":0.00139999995008111,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2726","display_name":"Microbiology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10897","display_name":"Antibiotic Use and Resistance","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wastewater-treatment","display_name":"wastewater treatment","score":0.9929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antimicrobial-resistance","display_name":"antimicrobial resistance","score":0.8560000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resistome","display_name":"resistome","score":0.8029999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antimicrobial-resistance-genes","display_name":"antimicrobial resistance genes","score":0.9190000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-genetic-elements","display_name":"mobile genetic elements","score":0.9829999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ecological-risk","display_name":"ecological risk","score":0.6480000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-health-risk","display_name":"human health risk","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metagenomics","display_name":"metagenomics","score":0.718999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/influent-and-effluent","display_name":"influent and effluent","score":0.7720000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pathogen-association","display_name":"pathogen association","score":0.5450000166893005}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776666601","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3457855","display_name":"Resistome","level":5,"score":0.9815999865531921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57442070","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221275","display_name":"Sewage treatment","level":2,"score":0.7312999963760376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147455438","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1057706","display_name":"Effluent","level":2,"score":0.6413000226020813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94061648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336191","display_name":"Wastewater","level":2,"score":0.5835999846458435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94665300","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q63391344","display_name":"Antibiotic resistance","level":3,"score":0.5340999960899353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.504800021648407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987857752","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12147","display_name":"Human health","level":2,"score":0.47049999237060547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57473165","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7315604","display_name":"Resistance (ecology)","level":2,"score":0.41609999537467957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150903083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7108","display_name":"Biotechnology","level":1,"score":0.4099000096321106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984618805","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2284929","display_name":"Health risk","level":2,"score":0.3961000144481659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.36880001425743103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86251818","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816754","display_name":"Benchmarking","level":2,"score":0.36579999327659607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.3628999888896942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24527192","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17149729","display_name":"Human pathogen","level":3,"score":0.36079999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.35040000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112930515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","level":1,"score":0.32179999351501465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12174686","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1058438","display_name":"Risk assessment","level":2,"score":0.32109999656677246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C501593827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12187","display_name":"Antibiotics","level":2,"score":0.31529998779296875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132533263","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2347362","display_name":"Mobile genetic elements","level":4,"score":0.3102000057697296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143121216","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1330402","display_name":"Microbiome","level":2,"score":0.3043999969959259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15151743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q903778","display_name":"Metagenomics","level":3,"score":0.298799991607666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69562835","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3054637","display_name":"Microbial ecology","level":3,"score":0.27239999175071716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777654200","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1776685","display_name":"Biosolids","level":2,"score":0.26649999618530273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115540264","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2945560","display_name":"Biomass (ecology)","level":2,"score":0.2655999958515167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4937899","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q68541106","display_name":"Antimicrobial","level":2,"score":0.2646999955177307}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.64898/2026.09.12.26362900","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.09.12.26362900","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.09.12.26362900","pdf_url":"https://www.medrxiv.org/content/medrxiv/early/2026/09/14/2026.09.12.26362900.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3005729997","display_name":"medRxiv","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315909"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press"],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"medRxiv","raw_type":"posted-content"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.64898/2026.09.12.26362900","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.09.12.26362900","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.09.12.26362900","pdf_url":"https://www.medrxiv.org/content/medrxiv/early/2026/09/14/2026.09.12.26362900.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3005729997","display_name":"medRxiv","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315909"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press"],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"medRxiv","raw_type":"posted-content"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9763000011444092,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6","score":0.965499997138977,"display_name":"Clean water and sanitation"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7213368154.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7213368154.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":60,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1974123350","https://openalex.org/W1982479612","https://openalex.org/W2046501778","https://openalex.org/W2085343633","https://openalex.org/W2092643722","https://openalex.org/W2093853186","https://openalex.org/W2107772251","https://openalex.org/W2113679889","https://openalex.org/W2163250554","https://openalex.org/W2170551349","https://openalex.org/W2305704688","https://openalex.org/W2509476196","https://openalex.org/W2582227287","https://openalex.org/W2728028487","https://openalex.org/W2733645076","https://openalex.org/W2773939681","https://openalex.org/W2782449089","https://openalex.org/W2791172959","https://openalex.org/W2796460172","https://openalex.org/W2799291493","https://openalex.org/W2889713700","https://openalex.org/W2894798593","https://openalex.org/W2918965813","https://openalex.org/W2921342657","https://openalex.org/W2921872415","https://openalex.org/W2922079300","https://openalex.org/W2938817672","https://openalex.org/W2949826334","https://openalex.org/W2951912016","https://openalex.org/W2962615948","https://openalex.org/W2965025968","https://openalex.org/W2969465689","https://openalex.org/W2977723904","https://openalex.org/W3131055609","https://openalex.org/W3135303689","https://openalex.org/W3187959711","https://openalex.org/W3193653929","https://openalex.org/W4206579697","https://openalex.org/W4210376608","https://openalex.org/W4220927247","https://openalex.org/W4283579304","https://openalex.org/W4311265776","https://openalex.org/W4322742730","https://openalex.org/W4360804861","https://openalex.org/W4383218747","https://openalex.org/W4385605185","https://openalex.org/W4388221144","https://openalex.org/W4389235879","https://openalex.org/W4399302728","https://openalex.org/W4399461464","https://openalex.org/W4401302557","https://openalex.org/W4403395756","https://openalex.org/W4404205053","https://openalex.org/W4408297722","https://openalex.org/W4409208457","https://openalex.org/W4409905113","https://openalex.org/W4410612821","https://openalex.org/W4414222406","https://openalex.org/W4414498971","https://openalex.org/W7133544568"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7202292988","https://openalex.org/W7214438224","https://openalex.org/W4308118210","https://openalex.org/W7162861598","https://openalex.org/W4401302557","https://openalex.org/W7222632715","https://openalex.org/W4220899765","https://openalex.org/W4403154530","https://openalex.org/W3024085491","https://openalex.org/W7140094826"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Wastewater":[1,98],"treatment":[2,56,99,121,139],"is":[3,18],"an":[4],"important":[5],"barrier":[6],"to":[7,43],"the":[8],"environmental":[9,155],"dissemination":[10],"of":[11],"antimicrobial":[12,68],"resistance":[13,28,69],"(AMR).":[14],"However,":[15],"its":[16],"effectiveness":[17],"typically":[19],"assessed":[20],"using":[21],"measures":[22],"that":[23,137],"do":[24],"not":[25,125],"directly":[26],"capture":[27],"gene":[29],"mobility":[30],"or":[31,131],"pathogen":[32],"association.":[33],"Here,":[34],"we":[35],"applied":[36],"a":[37],"configuration-based":[38,146],"genomic":[39,147],"risk":[40,63,84,92,113,148],"framework":[41],"(MetaCompare2.0)":[42],"100":[44],"metagenomes":[45],"(50":[46],"paired":[47],"influent":[48],"and":[49,75,95,104,123,144],"effluent":[50],"samples)":[51],"collected":[52],"from":[53],"nine":[54],"wastewater":[55,138],"works":[57],"over":[58],"11":[59],"months,":[60],"quantifying":[61],"resistome":[62,114],"based":[64],"on":[65],"associations":[66],"between":[67],"genes":[70],"(ARGs),":[71],"mobile":[72,87],"genetic":[73],"elements,":[74],"host":[76],"taxa.":[77],"Influent":[78],"samples":[79],"exhibited":[80],"highly":[81],"variable":[82],"ecological":[83,103],"associated":[85],"with":[86],"ARGs.":[88],"Pathogen-associated":[89],"human":[90,105],"health":[91,106],"was":[93,118],"lower":[94,112],"more":[96],"constrained.":[97],"consistently":[100],"reduced":[101],"both":[102],"risks,":[107],"driving":[108],"convergence":[109],"towards":[110],"uniformly":[111],"configurations.":[115],"Risk":[116],"attenuation":[117],"reproducible":[119],"across":[120],"technologies":[122],"could":[124],"be":[126],"explained":[127],"by":[128],"assembly":[129],"quality":[130],"physicochemical":[132],"variation.":[133],"These":[134],"findings":[135],"indicate":[136],"disrupts":[140],"high-risk":[141],"ARG":[142],"configurations":[143],"highlight":[145],"metrics":[149],"as":[150],"scalable":[151],"tools":[152],"for":[153],"benchmarking":[154],"AMR":[156],"mitigation.":[157]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-09T13:22:03.289127","created_date":"2026-09-16T00:00:00"}