{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7213323648","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2609.15728","title":"A Modular, Topology-Aware Software Stack for Entanglement-Based Distributed Quantum Computing","display_name":"A Modular, Topology-Aware Software Stack for Entanglement-Based Distributed Quantum Computing","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-09-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7213323648","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2609.15728"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2609.15728","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.15728","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2609.15728","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["arxiv","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2609.15728","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5149210895","display_name":"Luke Andreesen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-3475-6223","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0001-3475-6223"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andreesen, Luke","raw_affiliation_strings":["memQ Inc. , Chicago , IL 60615 , USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"memQ Inc. , Chicago , IL 60615 , USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088558323","display_name":"Shobhit Gupta","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2151-7318","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2151-7318"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gupta, Shobhit","raw_affiliation_strings":["memQ Inc. , Chicago , IL 60615 , USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"memQ Inc. , Chicago , IL 60615 , USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5151766194","display_name":"Sean Sullivan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sullivan, Sean","raw_affiliation_strings":["memQ Inc. , Chicago , IL 60615 , USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"memQ Inc. , Chicago , IL 60615 , USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5151794413","display_name":"Manish Kumar Singh","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Singh, Manish Kumar","raw_affiliation_strings":["memQ Inc. , Chicago , IL 60615 , USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"memQ Inc. , Chicago , IL 60615 , USA","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10682","display_name":"Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture","score":0.9926999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10682","display_name":"Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture","score":0.9926999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10020","display_name":"Quantum Information and Cryptography","score":0.006099999882280827,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11804","display_name":"Quantum many-body systems","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-quantum-computing","display_name":"distributed quantum computing","score":0.9950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-compilation","display_name":"quantum circuit compilation","score":0.8370000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/circuit-partitioning","display_name":"circuit partitioning","score":0.6740000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-teleportation","display_name":"quantum teleportation","score":0.6359999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/openqasm","display_name":"OpenQASM","score":0.7390000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modular-software-framework","display_name":"modular software framework","score":0.5929999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-topology","display_name":"network topology","score":0.6600000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/entanglement-cost","display_name":"entanglement cost","score":0.8180000185966492}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7297000288963318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.6015999913215637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58053490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176555","display_name":"Quantum computer","level":3,"score":0.5629000067710876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206729178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2271896","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","level":2,"score":0.5482000112533569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199845137","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q145490","display_name":"Network topology","level":2,"score":0.5042999982833862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.4896000027656555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186468114","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q836478","display_name":"Quantum network","level":4,"score":0.44909998774528503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121040770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q215675","display_name":"Quantum entanglement","level":3,"score":0.44600000977516174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169590947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47506","display_name":"Compiler","level":2,"score":0.4293000102043152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124148022","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2122210","display_name":"Quantum circuit","level":5,"score":0.4090999960899353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84114770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46344","display_name":"Quantum","level":2,"score":0.40720000863075256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.36820000410079956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.33709999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130120984","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2835898","display_name":"Distributed algorithm","level":2,"score":0.33329999446868896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58849907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2118982","display_name":"Quantum gate","level":4,"score":0.31850001215934753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.3034999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48103436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031","display_name":"State (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.3028999865055084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137019171","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2623817","display_name":"Quantum algorithm","level":3,"score":0.29429998993873596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113775141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428691","display_name":"Computer engineering","level":1,"score":0.29089999198913574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190463098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2081419","display_name":"Quantum technology","level":4,"score":0.2827000021934509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169699857","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2122243","display_name":"Quantum information","level":3,"score":0.2799000144004822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134146338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1815901","display_name":"Electronic circuit","level":2,"score":0.27000001072883606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C530198007","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80831","display_name":"Integrated circuit","level":2,"score":0.2574000060558319}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2609.15728","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.15728","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2609.15728","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2609.15728","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2609.15728","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2609.15728","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2609.15728","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.15728","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2609.15728","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7213323648.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7213323648.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1623920228","https://openalex.org/W1978553093","https://openalex.org/W2029658458","https://openalex.org/W2112813087","https://openalex.org/W2240860684","https://openalex.org/W2407786468","https://openalex.org/W2901859177","https://openalex.org/W3158260911","https://openalex.org/W4226435553","https://openalex.org/W4226481958","https://openalex.org/W4288758398","https://openalex.org/W4385731977","https://openalex.org/W4389168526","https://openalex.org/W4389335953","https://openalex.org/W4400937430","https://openalex.org/W4402049840","https://openalex.org/W4406262085","https://openalex.org/W4414849658","https://openalex.org/W4414938241","https://openalex.org/W4417174931","https://openalex.org/W7206156658"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4316813348","https://openalex.org/W4385731977","https://openalex.org/W4396652401","https://openalex.org/W7084038368","https://openalex.org/W7164315382","https://openalex.org/W4410395012","https://openalex.org/W4416875203","https://openalex.org/W7171531984","https://openalex.org/W4416875610","https://openalex.org/W4411726587"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Distributed":[0],"quantum":[1,16,37,53,69,192],"computing":[2],"(DQC)":[3],"seeks":[4],"to":[5,143,190,199],"scale":[6],"beyond":[7],"the":[8,27,34,63,79,82,87,95,111,126,154,160,176,184],"limits":[9],"of":[10,29,36,67,78,179],"monolithic":[11,48,131],"processors":[12],"by":[13],"interconnecting":[14],"multiple":[15],"processing":[17],"units":[18],"(QPUs)":[19],"through":[20,104],"entanglement-based":[21],"links.":[22],"Realizing":[23],"this":[24,149],"vision":[25],"requires":[26],"co-design":[28,188],"hardware":[30],"and":[31,40,51,65,75,85,98,106,109,122,133,140,146,163,166,171],"software":[32],"across":[33,159],"domains":[35],"networking,":[38],"compilation,":[39],"scheduling,":[41],"yet":[42],"existing":[43,130],"tools":[44],"remain":[45],"fragmented":[46],"between":[47],"circuit":[49,74,88],"compilers":[50],"long-distance":[52],"network":[54,164,169],"simulators.":[55],"We":[56],"present":[57],"an":[58,72],"open-source,":[59],"topology-informed":[60],"framework":[61,83,127,196],"for":[62,186],"compilation":[64,156],"scheduling":[66,141],"distributed":[68,91,191],"programs.":[70],"Given":[71],"input":[73],"a":[76,90,187],"description":[77],"target":[80],"network,":[81],"partitions":[84],"reconstructs":[86],"into":[89],"program":[92],"that":[93,153,167],"respects":[94],"specified":[96],"inter-":[97],"intra-QPU":[99,172],"topology,":[100],"covers":[101],"cross-QPU":[102],"operations":[103],"gate":[105],"state":[107],"teleportation,":[108],"schedules":[110],"result":[112],"under":[113],"either":[114],"deterministic":[115],"or":[116],"stochastic":[117],"entanglement-generation":[118],"models.":[119],"By":[120],"accepting":[121],"emitting":[123],"standard":[124],"OpenQASM,":[125],"interoperates":[128],"with":[129],"toolchains,":[132],"its":[134],"standardized":[135],"module":[136],"interfaces":[137],"allow":[138],"partitioning":[139],"strategies":[142],"be":[144],"interchanged":[145],"benchmarked.":[147],"Using":[148],"framework,":[150],"we":[151],"show":[152],"best-performing":[155],"strategy":[157],"varies":[158],"tested":[161],"circuits":[162],"configurations,":[165],"both":[168],"topology":[170],"connectivity":[173],"substantially":[174],"affect":[175],"entanglement":[177],"cost":[178],"execution.":[180],"These":[181],"findings":[182],"underscore":[183],"need":[185],"approach":[189],"computing,":[193],"which":[194],"our":[195],"is":[197],"designed":[198],"support.":[200]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2026-09-16T00:00:00"}
