{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7213314416","doi":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ijecc/2026/v16i95677","title":"Flood Hazard Zone Mapping of Vashishti River Basin by Using Remote Sensing and GIS Techniques","display_name":"Flood Hazard Zone Mapping of Vashishti River Basin by Using Remote Sensing and GIS Techniques","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-09-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7213314416","doi":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ijecc/2026/v16i95677"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.9734/ijecc/2026/v16i95677","doi":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ijecc/2026/v16i95677","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ijecc/2026/v16i95677","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210233270","display_name":"International Journal of Environment and Climate Change","issn_l":"2581-8627","issn":["2581-8627"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320855","host_organization_name":"Sciencedomain International","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320855"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Sciencedomain International"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Environment and Climate Change","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ijecc/2026/v16i95677","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5119278995","display_name":"Bhagyalaxmi C . Kallihal","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799533726","display_name":"Dr. Balasaheb Sawant Konkan Krishi Vidyapeeth","ror":"https://ror.org/03gb3sn92","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799533726"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bhagyalaxmi Kallihal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Soil and Water Conservation Engineering, CAET, DBSKKV, Dapoli, Maharashtra \u2013 415712, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Soil and Water Conservation Engineering, CAET, DBSKKV, Dapoli, Maharashtra \u2013 415712, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799533726"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5147322436","display_name":"S. S. Nagarkar","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799533726","display_name":"Dr. Balasaheb Sawant Konkan Krishi Vidyapeeth","ror":"https://ror.org/03gb3sn92","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799533726"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. S. Nagarkar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Soil and Water Conservation Engineering, CAET, DBSKKV, Dapoli, Maharashtra \u2013 415712, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Soil and Water Conservation Engineering, CAET, DBSKKV, Dapoli, Maharashtra \u2013 415712, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799533726"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004288164","display_name":"B. L. Ayare","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799533726","display_name":"Dr. Balasaheb Sawant Konkan Krishi Vidyapeeth","ror":"https://ror.org/03gb3sn92","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799533726"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"B. L. Ayare","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Soil and Water Conservation Engineering, CAET, DBSKKV, Dapoli, Maharashtra \u2013 415712, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Soil and Water Conservation Engineering, CAET, DBSKKV, Dapoli, Maharashtra \u2013 415712, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799533726"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050183031","display_name":"S.T. Patil","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799533726","display_name":"Dr. Balasaheb Sawant Konkan Krishi Vidyapeeth","ror":"https://ror.org/03gb3sn92","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799533726"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. T. Patil","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, CAET, DBSKKV, Dapoli, Maharashtra \u2013 415712, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, CAET, DBSKKV, Dapoli, Maharashtra \u2013 415712, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799533726"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5140053185","display_name":"S. R. Deshmukh","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799533726","display_name":"Dr. Balasaheb Sawant Konkan Krishi Vidyapeeth","ror":"https://ror.org/03gb3sn92","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799533726"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. V. Deshmukh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, COA, DBSKKV, Dapoli, Maharashtra \u2013 415712, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, COA, DBSKKV, Dapoli, Maharashtra \u2013 415712, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799533726"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799533726"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.66790304,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"9","first_page":"566","last_page":"581"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10930","display_name":"Flood Risk Assessment and Management","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10930","display_name":"Flood Risk Assessment and Management","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12543","display_name":"Groundwater and Watershed Analysis","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10535","display_name":"Landslides and related hazards","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2308","display_name":"Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flood-hazard-mapping","display_name":"flood hazard mapping","score":0.9200000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/western-ghats","display_name":"Western Ghats","score":0.8330000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flood-susceptibility","display_name":"flood susceptibility","score":0.6930000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flood-influencing-factors","display_name":"flood influencing factors","score":0.828000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/analytic-hierarchy-process","display_name":"analytic hierarchy process","score":0.8059999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/curve-number","display_name":"SCS curve number","score":0.7649999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/land-use-land-cover","display_name":"land use/land cover","score":0.7860000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rainfall","display_name":"rainfall","score":0.5669999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/elevation-and-slope","display_name":"elevation and slope","score":0.7730000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drainage-density","display_name":"drainage density","score":0.7329999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flood-risk-management","display_name":"flood risk management","score":0.6069999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disaster-risk-reduction","display_name":"disaster risk reduction","score":0.8320000171661377}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74256435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q134052","display_name":"Flood myth","level":2,"score":0.6753000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126645576","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q166620","display_name":"Drainage basin","level":2,"score":0.6597999930381775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186594467","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1429176","display_name":"Flooding (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5916000008583069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.5863999724388123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76886044","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2883300","display_name":"Hydrology (agriculture)","level":2,"score":0.5540000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49261128","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1132455","display_name":"Hazard","level":2,"score":0.5062000155448914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50477045","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1444790","display_name":"Surface runoff","level":2,"score":0.48399999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171878848","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336797","display_name":"100-year flood","level":3,"score":0.4740000069141388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41856607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483130","display_name":"Geographic information system","level":2,"score":0.4611999988555908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39410599","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3433179","display_name":"Natural hazard","level":2,"score":0.450300008058548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67592535","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7481320","display_name":"Drainage","level":2,"score":0.43149998784065247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17674248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q285451","display_name":"Drainage system (geomorphology)","level":3,"score":0.4027000069618225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C524765639","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1501619","display_name":"Water resource management","level":1,"score":0.3864000141620636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166566181","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8065","display_name":"Natural disaster","level":2,"score":0.3847000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.35830000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155681218","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193110","display_name":"Floodplain","level":2,"score":0.35409998893737793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2668921","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1434713","display_name":"Impervious surface","level":2,"score":0.3447999954223633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206355099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3614972","display_name":"Hazard analysis","level":2,"score":0.3434000015258789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C539955404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1187968","display_name":"Flood control","level":3,"score":0.34049999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29434407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28208712","display_name":"Flood stage","level":4,"score":0.32330000400543213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4792198","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1165944","display_name":"Land use","level":2,"score":0.31779998540878296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776608160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4785462","display_name":"Natural (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.3147999942302704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62555980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1460420","display_name":"Emergency management","level":2,"score":0.3050999939441681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67715294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170321","display_name":"Wetland","level":2,"score":0.28760001063346863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183195422","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3409303","display_name":"Flood forecasting","level":3,"score":0.26910001039505005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777420705","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5460072","display_name":"Flood mitigation","level":3,"score":0.26669999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.2653000056743622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109007969","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q749565","display_name":"Structural basin","level":2,"score":0.2632000148296356}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.9734/ijecc/2026/v16i95677","doi":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ijecc/2026/v16i95677","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ijecc/2026/v16i95677","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210233270","display_name":"International Journal of Environment and Climate Change","issn_l":"2581-8627","issn":["2581-8627"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320855","host_organization_name":"Sciencedomain International","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320855"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Sciencedomain International"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Environment and Climate Change","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:journalijecc.com:article/5677","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://journalijecc.com/index.php/IJECC/article/view/5677","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210233270","display_name":"International Journal of Environment and Climate Change","issn_l":"2581-8627","issn":["2581-8627"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320855","host_organization_name":"Sciencedomain International","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320855"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Sciencedomain International"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2581-8627","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-05751937v1","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hal.science/hal-05751937","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4405252976","host_organization_name":"Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405252976"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Environment and Climate Change, 2026, 16 (9), pp.566-581","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.9734/ijecc/2026/v16i95677","doi":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ijecc/2026/v16i95677","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ijecc/2026/v16i95677","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210233270","display_name":"International Journal of Environment and Climate Change","issn_l":"2581-8627","issn":["2581-8627"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320855","host_organization_name":"Sciencedomain International","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320855"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Sciencedomain International"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Environment and Climate Change","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6","score":0.6618000268936157,"display_name":"Clean water and sanitation"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.5142999887466431,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7160933625","https://openalex.org/W2894452139","https://openalex.org/W4401976352","https://openalex.org/W2184209207","https://openalex.org/W2290217432","https://openalex.org/W3141546915","https://openalex.org/W4307106841","https://openalex.org/W4376459544","https://openalex.org/W4402079875","https://openalex.org/W4410990722"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Floods":[0],"are":[1,280],"among":[2],"the":[3,31,40,78,105,125,138,163,185,194,214,227,230,239,281],"most":[4],"destructive":[5],"natural":[6,32],"hazards":[7],"in":[8,119,204,291],"regions":[9,308],"characterised":[10],"by":[11],"high":[12,263,272],"and":[13,23,30,50,58,71,102,132,162,169,199,267,278,302,313],"intense":[14,64],"rainfall,":[15,66,190],"frequently":[16],"causing":[17],"substantial":[18],"loss":[19],"of":[20,63,92,98,107,165,174,224,238],"human":[21,73,112],"life":[22],"considerable":[24],"damage":[25],"to":[26,48,54,77,100,129,148,306],"agriculture,":[27],"infrastructure,":[28],"property,":[29],"environment.":[33],"The":[34,61,142,287],"Vashishti":[35,139],"River":[36,140],"basin,":[37],"situated":[38],"within":[39,137,243,250,256,261,269],"ecologically":[41],"sensitive":[42],"Western":[43],"Ghats,":[44],"is":[45,146],"particularly":[46],"susceptible":[47],"recurrent":[49],"severe":[51],"flooding":[52,101],"owing":[53],"its":[55],"distinctive":[56],"hydro-meteorological":[57],"physiographic":[59],"characteristics.":[60],"interaction":[62],"monsoonal":[65],"basin":[67],"topography,":[68],"drainage":[69,181],"conditions,":[70],"increasing":[72],"intervention":[74],"further":[75],"contributes":[76],"basin's":[79],"flood":[80,85,134,155,167,231,264,273,285,299,310],"susceptibility.":[81],"In":[82],"this":[83,292],"context,":[84],"hazard":[86,135,232,247,253,265,274,300,311],"mapping":[87,301],"provides":[88,294],"an":[89],"effective":[90,166],"means":[91],"identifying":[93],"areas":[94],"with":[95,111],"varying":[96],"levels":[97],"exposure":[99],"can":[103],"support":[104],"reduction":[106],"disaster":[108,160],"risks":[109],"associated":[110],"settlements,":[113],"agricultural":[114],"activities,":[115],"infrastructure":[116],"development,":[117],"and,":[118],"particular,":[120],"expanding":[121],"urban":[122],"areas.":[123],"Therefore,":[124],"present":[126],"study":[127,240,293],"aims":[128],"identify,":[130],"delineate,":[131],"characterise":[133],"zones":[136],"basin.":[141],"resulting":[143],"spatial":[144],"information":[145],"expected":[147],"provide":[149],"a":[150,205,220,244,251,257,262,270,295],"scientific":[151],"basis":[152],"for":[153,226,298,309],"improved":[154],"risk":[156],"assessment,":[157],"land-use":[158],"planning,":[159],"preparedness,":[161],"formulation":[164],"mitigation":[168],"management":[170,312],"strategies.":[171],"A":[172],"total":[173],"ten":[175],"flood-influencing":[176],"factors,":[177],"namely":[178],"elevation,":[179,277],"slope,":[180],"density,":[182],"distance":[183],"from":[184],"river,":[186],"land":[187],"use/land":[188],"cover,":[189],"runoff":[191],"derived":[192],"using":[193,213],"SCS-CN":[195],"method,":[196],"geomorphology,":[197],"lithology,":[198],"soil":[200],"texture,":[201],"were":[202,211],"analysed":[203],"Geographic":[206],"Information":[207],"System":[208],"(GIS).":[209],"Weights":[210],"assigned":[212],"Analytic":[215],"Hierarchy":[216],"Process":[217],"(AHP).":[218],"With":[219],"consistency":[221],"ratio":[222],"(CR)":[223],"0.06":[225],"correlation":[228],"matrix,":[229],"zone":[233],"map":[234],"indicates":[235],"that":[236],"0.81%":[237],"area":[241],"falls":[242],"very":[245,271],"low":[246,252],"zone,":[248,254,259,266],"13.49%":[249],"47.90%":[255],"moderate":[258],"20.59%":[260],"17.20%":[268],"zone.":[275],"Rainfall,":[276],"slope":[279],"primary":[282],"factors":[283],"influencing":[284],"risk.":[286],"AHP-based":[288],"approach":[289],"used":[290],"practical":[296],"framework":[297],"may":[303],"be":[304],"applied":[305],"other":[307],"mitigation.":[314]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-25T09:29:13.331239","created_date":"2026-09-16T00:00:00"}