{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7213106356","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31223/x5h214","title":"Inside the Extinction Envelope: A Systemic Review and Meta-Analysis of Paleoclimate Extinction Markers with Comments on the Necessary Array of Last-Threshold Interventions","display_name":"Inside the Extinction Envelope: A Systemic Review and Meta-Analysis of Paleoclimate Extinction Markers with Comments on the Necessary Array of Last-Threshold Interventions","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-09-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7213106356","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31223/x5h214"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.31223/x5h214","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31223/x5h214","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.31223/x5h214","pdf_url":"https://eartharxiv.org/repository/object/14983/download/26034/","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://eartharxiv.org/repository/object/14983/download/26034/","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5151667138","display_name":"Christian Komor","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Christian Komor","raw_affiliation_strings":["Earth Systems Science Advisor Climate Deadline Alliance ,","Earth Systems Science Advisor Climate Deadline Alliance 1001 Bannock Street , Denver , Colorado 80204 , USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Earth Systems Science Advisor Climate Deadline Alliance ,","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Earth Systems Science Advisor Climate Deadline Alliance 1001 Bannock Street , Denver , Colorado 80204 , USA","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5151667138"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13530","display_name":"Climate Change and Environmental Impact","score":0.3208000063896179,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13530","display_name":"Climate Change and Environmental Impact","score":0.3208000063896179,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12615","display_name":"Climate Change and Geoengineering","score":0.14219999313354492,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10471","display_name":"Climate Change Policy and Economics","score":0.10090000182390213,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mass-extinction","display_name":"mass extinction","score":0.9509999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/paleoclimate","display_name":"paleoclimate","score":0.7900000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regime-shifts","display_name":"tipping points","score":0.7509999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/climate-intervention","display_name":"climate intervention","score":0.49000000953674316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carbon-release","display_name":"carbon release","score":0.4620000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anthropogenic-climate-change","display_name":"anthropogenic climate change","score":0.6710000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feedback","display_name":"feedback","score":0.4189999997615814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/earth-system-resilience","display_name":"Earth system resilience","score":0.35499998927116394}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101991246","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5422078","display_name":"Extinction (optical mineralogy)","level":2,"score":0.6875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780821815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5340806","display_name":"Portfolio","level":2,"score":0.6402000188827515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114725131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190837","display_name":"Tipping point (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5835000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33683781","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q191069","display_name":"Paleoclimatology","level":3,"score":0.5231000185012817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49204034","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52139","display_name":"Climatology","level":1,"score":0.46459999680519104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.40869998931884766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80368990","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3046459","display_name":"Earth system science","level":2,"score":0.3343999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.32760000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35306142","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55814","display_name":"Extinction event","level":4,"score":0.3248000144958496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132651083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7942","display_name":"Climate change","level":2,"score":0.30709999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780665704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959298","display_name":"Intervention (counseling)","level":2,"score":0.3059999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27415008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7256382","display_name":"Psychological intervention","level":2,"score":0.29899999499320984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.2809999883174896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100970517","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52107","display_name":"Physical geography","level":1,"score":0.28049999475479126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.26179999113082886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28719098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44946","display_name":"Point (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.2547999918460846}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.31223/x5h214","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31223/x5h214","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.31223/x5h214","pdf_url":"https://eartharxiv.org/repository/object/14983/download/26034/","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},{"id":"pmh:oai:EA:id:14983","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://eartharxiv.org/repository/object/14983/download/26034/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402614","display_name":"EarthArXiv (California Digital Library)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2801248553","host_organization_name":"California Digital Library","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801248553"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"EarthArXiv","raw_type":"PREPRINTS"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.31223/x5h214","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31223/x5h214","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.31223/x5h214","pdf_url":"https://eartharxiv.org/repository/object/14983/download/26034/","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Climate action","score":0.821399986743927,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7213106356.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7213106356.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":54,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1968604082","https://openalex.org/W1982846260","https://openalex.org/W1999803596","https://openalex.org/W2017947281","https://openalex.org/W2029058221","https://openalex.org/W2053134782","https://openalex.org/W2063948515","https://openalex.org/W2065199344","https://openalex.org/W2078542443","https://openalex.org/W2096973757","https://openalex.org/W2100073969","https://openalex.org/W2107960291","https://openalex.org/W2110761353","https://openalex.org/W2116943064","https://openalex.org/W2147331520","https://openalex.org/W2149545078","https://openalex.org/W2155657253","https://openalex.org/W2167705142","https://openalex.org/W2195453830","https://openalex.org/W2196415623","https://openalex.org/W2529501031","https://openalex.org/W2552047291","https://openalex.org/W2602434750","https://openalex.org/W2625135129","https://openalex.org/W2781567654","https://openalex.org/W2790737279","https://openalex.org/W2794342040","https://openalex.org/W2804406438","https://openalex.org/W2886281704","https://openalex.org/W2903102979","https://openalex.org/W2914155918","https://openalex.org/W2914597263","https://openalex.org/W2971467533","https://openalex.org/W3021189791","https://openalex.org/W3138463162","https://openalex.org/W3148203179","https://openalex.org/W3177498683","https://openalex.org/W3198097576","https://openalex.org/W3199321815","https://openalex.org/W4205445362","https://openalex.org/W4205904364","https://openalex.org/W4210613773","https://openalex.org/W4242614371","https://openalex.org/W4292865744","https://openalex.org/W4295088938","https://openalex.org/W4295308633","https://openalex.org/W4297088338","https://openalex.org/W4321209184","https://openalex.org/W4391677593","https://openalex.org/W4399174757","https://openalex.org/W4415913545","https://openalex.org/W7152032031","https://openalex.org/W7154479796","https://openalex.org/W7161144831"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7222791322","https://openalex.org/W2918255800","https://openalex.org/W4250835690","https://openalex.org/W2754546558","https://openalex.org/W4214878086","https://openalex.org/W2988282346","https://openalex.org/W3158026240","https://openalex.org/W4309300407","https://openalex.org/W2987215235","https://openalex.org/W7211935556"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Every":[0],"element":[1],"of":[2,13,27,85,90],"the":[3,8,14,22,28,49,81,93,103,121,130,136],"causal":[4],"chain":[5],"that":[6,59],"produced":[7],"five":[9],"largest":[10],"mass":[11],"extinctions":[12],"last":[15],"half-billion":[16],"years":[17,110],"is":[18,48,73,132],"presently":[19],"active":[20],"in":[21,57,128],"Earth":[23],"system.":[24],"The":[25,55,69],"rate":[26,84],"modern":[29],"perturbation":[30],"exceeds":[31],"every":[32],"peer-reviewed":[33],"paleoclimate":[34],"reference":[35],"case.":[36],"A":[37],"six-intervention":[38],"portfolio,":[39],"deployed":[40,134],"together":[41],"at":[42,95],"wartime":[43],"industrial":[44],"scale":[45],"beginning":[46],"now,":[47],"physically":[50],"necessary":[51],"and":[52,67,77,118],"sufficient":[53],"response.":[54],"window":[56],"which":[58,96,129],"portfolio":[60,116,131],"remains":[61],"fully":[62],"effective":[63],"closes":[64],"between":[65,75],"2028":[66],"2040.":[68],"anthropogenic-versus-feedback":[70],"tipping":[71,122],"point":[72,94,123],"expected":[74],"2035":[76],"2040;":[78],"corrected":[79],"for":[80],"at-least-order-of-magnitude":[82],"higher":[83],"contemporary":[86],"carbon":[87],"release,":[88],"loss":[89],"agency":[91],"\u2014":[92,105],"coordinated":[97],"intervention":[98],"can":[99],"no":[100],"longer":[101],"arrest":[102],"cascade":[104],"arrives":[106],"200":[107],"to":[108],"400":[109],"after":[111],"feedback":[112],"engagement":[113],"under":[114,125],"sustained":[115],"deployment,":[117],"collapses":[119],"onto":[120],"itself":[124],"any":[126],"scenario":[127],"not":[133],"within":[135],"2028\u20132040":[137],"window.":[138]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-09T13:22:03.289127","created_date":"2026-09-15T00:00:00"}