{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7212379995","doi":"https://doi.org/10.67063/pjr.vol.22.issue.02.29","title":"Characterization and use of hydrochars from wheat straw, fruit peels, and sewage sludge: A potential biofuel source","display_name":"Characterization and use of hydrochars from wheat straw, fruit peels, and sewage sludge: A potential biofuel source","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7212379995","doi":"https://doi.org/10.67063/pjr.vol.22.issue.02.29"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.67063/pjr.vol.22.issue.02.29","doi":"https://doi.org/10.67063/pjr.vol.22.issue.02.29","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.67063/pjr.vol.22.issue.02.29","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764376817","display_name":"Pantnagar Journal of Research","issn_l":"0972-8813","issn":["0972-8813","2582-2780"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Pantnagar Journal of Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.67063/pjr.vol.22.issue.02.29","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000448976","display_name":"Karan Sathish","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5806-2292","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5806-2292"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Karan Sathish","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061730301","display_name":"Shweta Saraswat","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0504-7812","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0504-7812"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shweta Saraswat","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":"1","first_page":"470","last_page":"478"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10088","display_name":"Thermochemical Biomass Conversion Processes","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2103","display_name":"Fuel Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10088","display_name":"Thermochemical Biomass Conversion Processes","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2103","display_name":"Fuel Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13584","display_name":"Coal Combustion and Slurry Processing","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10016","display_name":"Adsorption and biosorption for pollutant removal","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hydrochar","display_name":"hydrochar","score":0.9909999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wheat-straw","display_name":"wheat straw","score":0.8119999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fruit-peel","display_name":"fruit peel","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sewage-sludge","display_name":"sewage sludge","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biofuels","display_name":"biofuels","score":0.8500000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biomass-characterization","display_name":"biomass characterization","score":0.5929999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pyrolysis","display_name":"pyrolysis","score":0.722000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/renewable-energy","display_name":"renewable energy","score":0.43299999833106995}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53991642","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128991","display_name":"Biofuel","level":2,"score":0.7732999920845032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780859252","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11888968","display_name":"Sewage sludge","level":3,"score":0.5030999779701233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.4902999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.44909998774528503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156380964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18556","display_name":"Bioenergy","level":3,"score":0.4426000118255615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.4065000116825104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58790150","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10966166","display_name":"Sewage","level":2,"score":0.38370001316070557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548081761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180388","display_name":"Waste management","level":1,"score":0.35569998621940613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C528095902","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2283886","display_name":"Pulp and paper industry","level":1,"score":0.3531000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31903555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1637030","display_name":"Food science","level":1,"score":0.32339999079704285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781406593","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q163520","display_name":"Camelina","level":2,"score":0.3043000102043152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188573790","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12705","display_name":"Renewable energy","level":2,"score":0.2791000008583069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017879956","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1938952","display_name":"Whole wheat","level":2,"score":0.2653999924659729}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.67063/pjr.vol.22.issue.02.29","doi":"https://doi.org/10.67063/pjr.vol.22.issue.02.29","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.67063/pjr.vol.22.issue.02.29","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764376817","display_name":"Pantnagar Journal of Research","issn_l":"0972-8813","issn":["0972-8813","2582-2780"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Pantnagar Journal of Research","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.67063/pjr.vol.22.issue.02.29","doi":"https://doi.org/10.67063/pjr.vol.22.issue.02.29","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.67063/pjr.vol.22.issue.02.29","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764376817","display_name":"Pantnagar Journal of Research","issn_l":"0972-8813","issn":["0972-8813","2582-2780"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Pantnagar Journal of Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"display_name":"Responsible consumption and production","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/12"},{"score":0.8485000133514404,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7219365175","https://openalex.org/W7015998715","https://openalex.org/W2260959889","https://openalex.org/W3215478973","https://openalex.org/W3215867962","https://openalex.org/W2991292877","https://openalex.org/W6885014853","https://openalex.org/W2525096102","https://openalex.org/W4408634148","https://openalex.org/W2504022372"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-28T10:33:24.094632","created_date":"2026-09-13T00:00:00"}