{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7212374963","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s44319-026-00933-y","title":"Selection favors cost-ordered adaptive mutational paths in a stress-magnitude-dependent manner","display_name":"Selection favors cost-ordered adaptive mutational paths in a stress-magnitude-dependent manner","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-09-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7212374963","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s44319-026-00933-y","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42732001"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/s44319-026-00933-y","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s44319-026-00933-y","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s44319-026-00933-y","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1038/s44319-026-00933-y.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S57252141","display_name":"EMBO Reports","issn_l":"1469-221X","issn":["1469-221X","1469-3178"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"EMBO Reports","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1038/s44319-026-00933-y.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5128179010","display_name":"Anjali V Patil","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-4373-2619","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0009-4373-2619"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I11947397","display_name":"Tata Institute of Fundamental Research","ror":"https://ror.org/03ht1xw27","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11947397","https://openalex.org/I2799351866","https://openalex.org/I3149292468"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anjali V Patil","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-4373-2619","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11947397"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109235851","display_name":"Jiao Zhao","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204722609","display_name":"Queen's University","ror":"https://ror.org/02y72wh86","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204722609"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiao Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204722609"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5116630179","display_name":"Snehal V. Khairnar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0588-7663","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0588-7663"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I11947397","display_name":"Tata Institute of Fundamental Research","ror":"https://ror.org/03ht1xw27","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11947397","https://openalex.org/I2799351866","https://openalex.org/I3149292468"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Snehal V Khairnar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11947397"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073883172","display_name":"Sonali Srivastava","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7834-2498","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7834-2498"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210156726","display_name":"National Institute of Immunology","ror":"https://ror.org/04fhee747","country_code":"IN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799351866","https://openalex.org/I4210134808","https://openalex.org/I4210156726"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sonali Srivastava","raw_affiliation_strings":["BRIC-National Institute of Immunology, Delhi, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"BRIC-National Institute of Immunology, Delhi, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210156726"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080751595","display_name":"Laurence Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6663-7643","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6663-7643"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204722609","display_name":"Queen's University","ror":"https://ror.org/02y72wh86","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204722609"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Laurence Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6663-7643","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204722609"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032841458","display_name":"Amitesh Anand","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3720-4301","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3720-4301"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I11947397","display_name":"Tata Institute of Fundamental Research","ror":"https://ror.org/03ht1xw27","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11947397","https://openalex.org/I2799351866","https://openalex.org/I3149292468"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Amitesh Anand","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, India. amitesh.anand@tifr.res.in"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3720-4301","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, India. amitesh.anand@tifr.res.in","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11947397"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5032841458"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11947397"],"apc_list":{"value":7990,"currency":"USD","value_usd":7990},"apc_paid":{"value":7990,"currency":"USD","value_usd":7990},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.75361159,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10120","display_name":"Bacterial Genetics and Biotechnology","score":0.7231000065803528,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10120","display_name":"Bacterial Genetics and Biotechnology","score":0.7231000065803528,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11764","display_name":"Evolution and Genetic Dynamics","score":0.25540000200271606,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10932","display_name":"Microbial Metabolic Engineering and Bioproduction","score":0.010999999940395355,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/paraquat-tolerance","display_name":"paraquat tolerance","score":0.8790000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/escherichia-coli","display_name":"Escherichia coli","score":0.9419999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adaptive-laboratory-evolution","display_name":"adaptive laboratory evolution","score":0.7559999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stress-magnitude","display_name":"stress magnitude","score":0.7419999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polyamine-transporters","display_name":"polyamine transporters","score":0.7379999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/efflux","display_name":"efflux","score":0.5630000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/detoxification","display_name":"detoxification","score":0.8820000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genome-scale-metabolic-models","display_name":"genome-scale metabolic models","score":0.8679999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cost-analysis","display_name":"cost analysis","score":0.46299999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bacterial-adaptation","display_name":"bacterial adaptation","score":0.5799999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oxidative-stress","display_name":"oxidative stress","score":0.5019999742507935}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776527163","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q409669","display_name":"Paraquat","level":2,"score":0.6620000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81917197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","level":2,"score":0.6337000131607056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.6334999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70721500","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177005","display_name":"Computational biology","level":1,"score":0.5551999807357788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33507282","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4680759","display_name":"Adaptive response","level":2,"score":0.5295000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7386963","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3954859","display_name":"Negative selection","level":4,"score":0.47839999198913574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139807058","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q352374","display_name":"Adaptation (eye)","level":2,"score":0.4745999872684479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781452922","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2892805","display_name":"Proteostasis","level":2,"score":0.4316999912261963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.4244000017642975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68709404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1134475","display_name":"Flux (metallurgy)","level":2,"score":0.4239000082015991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.3919999897480011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78604142","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1640582","display_name":"Fight-or-flight response","level":3,"score":0.3736000061035156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780497538","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1192006","display_name":"Detoxification (alternative medicine)","level":3,"score":0.3628999888896942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125370674","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1527480","display_name":"Stressor","level":2,"score":0.35350000858306885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C501734568","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42918","display_name":"Mutation","level":3,"score":0.34599998593330383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127716648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104053","display_name":"Phenotype","level":3,"score":0.3407999873161316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.32269999384880066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910387474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q331710","display_name":"Genetic Fitness","level":3,"score":0.3165000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91852762","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3307742","display_name":"Fitness landscape","level":3,"score":0.3077999949455261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149011108","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q652985","display_name":"Transporter","level":3,"score":0.29589998722076416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2989419327","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q322348","display_name":"Arms race","level":2,"score":0.2922999858856201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152662350","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q815297","display_name":"Systems biology","level":2,"score":0.290800005197525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988562018","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1063","display_name":"Biological evolution","level":2,"score":0.290800005197525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992278830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483921","display_name":"Adaptive evolution","level":3,"score":0.2840999960899353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153991713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17142856","display_name":"Niche","level":2,"score":0.28290000557899475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192989942","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q68685","display_name":"Metabolic pathway","level":3,"score":0.2736999988555908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93226319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193137","display_name":"Differential (mechanical device)","level":2,"score":0.27239999175071716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87590526","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3592884","display_name":"Experimental evolution","level":3,"score":0.2676999866962433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102715595","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172861","display_name":"Ecological niche","level":3,"score":0.26750001311302185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.2669999897480011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95444343","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7141","display_name":"Cell biology","level":1,"score":0.25429999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777576037","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q719725","display_name":"Saccharomyces cerevisiae","level":3,"score":0.2500999867916107}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1038/s44319-026-00933-y","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s44319-026-00933-y","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s44319-026-00933-y","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1038/s44319-026-00933-y.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S57252141","display_name":"EMBO Reports","issn_l":"1469-221X","issn":["1469-221X","1469-3178"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"EMBO Reports","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:42732001","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42732001","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"EMBO reports","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/s44319-026-00933-y","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s44319-026-00933-y","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s44319-026-00933-y","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1038/s44319-026-00933-y.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S57252141","display_name":"EMBO Reports","issn_l":"1469-221X","issn":["1469-221X","1469-3178"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"EMBO Reports","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2028212153","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"BT/RLF/Re-entry/70/2020","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320717","funder_display_name":"Department of Biotechnology, Ministry of Science and Technology, India"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2113485703","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"OGI-207","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320319880","funder_display_name":"Government of Canada"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2555966067","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RTI4015","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320715","funder_display_name":"Tata Institute of Fundamental Research"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3508784843","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"OGI-207","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310787","funder_display_name":"Genome Canada"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3584033455","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RTI4015","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320768","funder_display_name":"Department of Atomic Energy, Government of India"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310787","display_name":"Genome Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/029s29983"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320319880","display_name":"Government of Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/010q4q527"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320715","display_name":"Tata Institute of Fundamental Research","ror":"https://ror.org/03ht1xw27"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320717","display_name":"Department of Biotechnology, Ministry of Science and Technology, India","ror":"https://ror.org/03tjsyq23"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320768","display_name":"Department of Atomic Energy, Government of India","ror":"https://ror.org/02m388s04"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7212374963.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7212374963.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":43,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1502544270","https://openalex.org/W1583063946","https://openalex.org/W1759543593","https://openalex.org/W1968673134","https://openalex.org/W1982611794","https://openalex.org/W1982887209","https://openalex.org/W1984400536","https://openalex.org/W1984899973","https://openalex.org/W1995938191","https://openalex.org/W2010983045","https://openalex.org/W2028255595","https://openalex.org/W2048430842","https://openalex.org/W2067152480","https://openalex.org/W2069480047","https://openalex.org/W2072862994","https://openalex.org/W2079100436","https://openalex.org/W2088628591","https://openalex.org/W2091628243","https://openalex.org/W2093173456","https://openalex.org/W2101320673","https://openalex.org/W2111967267","https://openalex.org/W2126370064","https://openalex.org/W2144068357","https://openalex.org/W2150201082","https://openalex.org/W2574749842","https://openalex.org/W2794889462","https://openalex.org/W2914763463","https://openalex.org/W2981438196","https://openalex.org/W3083667799","https://openalex.org/W3094117454","https://openalex.org/W3159553075","https://openalex.org/W3217119667","https://openalex.org/W4284978306","https://openalex.org/W4285008332","https://openalex.org/W4294710550","https://openalex.org/W4386796053","https://openalex.org/W4391743298","https://openalex.org/W4399290583","https://openalex.org/W4400088743","https://openalex.org/W4400461722","https://openalex.org/W4404799730","https://openalex.org/W4405176263","https://openalex.org/W4410034566"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Chronic":[0],"exposure":[1],"to":[2,33,44,71,109,116],"stress":[3,123,154],"requires":[4],"adaptive":[5,57,73],"strategies":[6,32,74],"beyond":[7],"canonical":[8],"regulatory":[9],"mechanisms.":[10,98],"Stress":[11],"varies,":[12],"both":[13],"qualitatively":[14],"and":[15,20,68,133],"quantitatively,":[16],"across":[17,64],"physiological":[18],"niches":[19],"exerts":[21],"distinct":[22,96],"selection":[23],"pressures":[24],"on":[25],"colonizing":[26],"bacteria.":[27],"Bacteria":[28],"employ":[29],"diverse":[30],"defense":[31,142],"withstand":[34],"various":[35],"stressful":[36],"conditions,":[37],"yet":[38],"how":[39],"they":[40],"tailor":[41],"their":[42],"responses":[43],"different":[45,76],"magnitudes":[46],"of":[47,61,78,158],"the":[48,103,167],"same":[49],"stressor":[50],"remains":[51],"poorly":[52],"understood.":[53],"We":[54],"used":[55],"multiple":[56],"laboratory":[58],"evolution":[59],"experiments":[60],"Escherichia":[62],"coli":[63],"varying":[65],"paraquat":[66,113,161],"concentrations":[67],"genetic":[69],"backgrounds":[70],"dissect":[72],"at":[75],"levels":[77,124],"stress.":[79],"Integrating":[80],"multi-omic":[81],"analyses":[82],"with":[83],"a":[84,140],"tailored":[85],"genome-scale":[86],"metabolic":[87,146],"model-based":[88],"parametrized":[89],"cost":[90],"calculations,":[91],"we":[92],"identify":[93],"two":[94],"fundamentally":[95],"tolerance":[97,162],"Under":[99],"low-paraquat":[100],"stress,":[101],"blocking":[102],"polyamine":[104],"transporter":[105],"that":[106],"is":[107],"reported":[108,160],"be":[110],"hijacked":[111],"for":[112],"influx":[114],"suffices":[115],"maintain":[117],"optimal":[118],"growth.":[119],"In":[120],"contrast,":[121],"higher":[122],"activate":[125],"an":[126],"energetically":[127],"demanding":[128],"program":[129],"involving":[130],"enhanced":[131],"detoxification":[132],"efflux.":[134],"The":[135,153],"transport":[136],"flux":[137],"regulation":[138],"establishes":[139],"primary":[141],"layer,":[143],"upon":[144],"which":[145],"repair":[147],"systems":[148],"provide":[149],"additional":[150],"fitness":[151],"advantages.":[152],"magnitude-dependent":[155],"differential":[156],"engagement":[157],"previously":[159],"approaches":[163],"offers":[164],"insights":[165],"into":[166],"principles":[168],"governing":[169],"dynamic":[170],"bacterial":[171],"adaptation.":[172]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-09-23T05:00:35.095934","created_date":"2026-09-13T00:00:00"}
