{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7212374727","doi":"https://doi.org/10.67072/1003/13/6","title":"In-vitro Antimicrobial, Anti-oxidant, and Cytotoxic Properties of Citrus limon Leaves","display_name":"In-vitro Antimicrobial, Anti-oxidant, and Cytotoxic Properties of Citrus limon Leaves","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-10-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7212374727","doi":"https://doi.org/10.67072/1003/13/6"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.67072/1003/13/6","doi":"https://doi.org/10.67072/1003/13/6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.67072/1003/13/6","pdf_url":"https://journals.ush.edu.sd/applied/wp-content/uploads/sites/4/2025/10/ISSUE-13-Paper-07-062-076-In-vitro-Antimicrobial-Anti-oxidant-and-Cytotoxic-Properties-of-Citrus-limon-Leaves.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407064855","display_name":"Shendi University Journal of Applied Science","issn_l":"1858-9022","issn":["1858-9022"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Shendi University Journal of Applied Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://journals.ush.edu.sd/applied/wp-content/uploads/sites/4/2025/10/ISSUE-13-Paper-07-062-076-In-vitro-Antimicrobial-Anti-oxidant-and-Cytotoxic-Properties-of-Citrus-limon-Leaves.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112305450","display_name":"Ahmed Saeed Kabbashi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3439-096X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3439-096X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I299799659","display_name":"Omar Al-Mukhtar University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wykm490","country_code":"LY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I299799659"]}],"countries":["LY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ahmed Saeed Kabbashi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Omar Al-Mukhtar University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Omar Al-Mukhtar University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I299799659"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5132615578","display_name":"Mustafa J. Ali Shuaib","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I299799659","display_name":"Omar Al-Mukhtar University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wykm490","country_code":"LY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I299799659"]}],"countries":["LY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mustafa J. Ali Shuaib","raw_affiliation_strings":["Omar Al-Mukhtar University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Omar Al-Mukhtar University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I299799659"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058942552","display_name":"Taher I. Mahmod Shailabi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4504-1722","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4504-1722"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I299799659","display_name":"Omar Al-Mukhtar University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wykm490","country_code":"LY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I299799659"]}],"countries":["LY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Taher Issa Shailabi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Omar Al-Mukhtar University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Omar Al-Mukhtar University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I299799659"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5139951357","display_name":"Amel Mahmoud Abdrabo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1455-2434","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1455-2434"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104562","display_name":"National Energy Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/015byt818","country_code":"JO","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210104562"]}],"countries":["JO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amel Mahmoud Abdrabo","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Energy Research Center"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Energy Research Center","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104562"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060426458","display_name":"Ahmed Ali Mustafa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4373-4912","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4373-4912"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78157869","display_name":"University of Gezira","ror":"https://ror.org/001mf9v16","country_code":"SD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78157869"]}],"countries":["SD"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ahmed Ali Mustafa","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Gezira"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Gezira","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78157869"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5133737041","display_name":"Wahaj M. Mohammed","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210126656","display_name":"Shendi University","ror":"https://ror.org/03ghc4a37","country_code":"SD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210126656"]}],"countries":["SD"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wahaj M. Mohammed","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shendi University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shendi University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210126656"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5132571281","display_name":"Tahlil Faisal Abdulwahed","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37322517","display_name":"Omdurman Islamic University","ror":"https://ror.org/025qja684","country_code":"SD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37322517"]}],"countries":["SD"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tahlil Faisal Abdulwahed","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biotechnology , Faculty of Science and technology , Omdurman Islamic University , Omdurman , Sudan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biotechnology , Faculty of Science and technology , Omdurman Islamic University , Omdurman , Sudan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37322517"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5151515439","display_name":"Hanadi Hashem Boshara","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37322517","display_name":"Omdurman Islamic University","ror":"https://ror.org/025qja684","country_code":"SD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37322517"]}],"countries":["SD"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hanadi Hashem Boshara","raw_affiliation_strings":["Omdurman Islamic University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Omdurman Islamic University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37322517"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5151473733","display_name":"Malaz Fargadin Mohammed Ali","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37322517","display_name":"Omdurman Islamic University","ror":"https://ror.org/025qja684","country_code":"SD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37322517"]}],"countries":["SD"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Malaz Fargadin Mohammed Ali","raw_affiliation_strings":["Omdurman Islamic University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Omdurman Islamic University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37322517"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5151431077","display_name":"Batool Hussein Mohammed","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37322517","display_name":"Omdurman Islamic University","ror":"https://ror.org/025qja684","country_code":"SD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37322517"]}],"countries":["SD"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Batool Hussein Mohammed","raw_affiliation_strings":["Omdurman Islamic University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Omdurman Islamic University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37322517"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087446131","display_name":"Osama A. O. Elhag","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37322517","display_name":"Omdurman Islamic University","ror":"https://ror.org/025qja684","country_code":"SD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37322517"]}],"countries":["SD"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Osama A. O. Elhag","raw_affiliation_strings":["Omdurman Islamic University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Omdurman Islamic University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37322517"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"1","issue":"13","first_page":"62","last_page":"62"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10225","display_name":"Essential Oils and Antimicrobial Activity","score":0.9854000210762024,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1106","display_name":"Food Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10225","display_name":"Essential Oils and Antimicrobial Activity","score":0.9854000210762024,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1106","display_name":"Food Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14521","display_name":"Medicinal Plant Research","score":0.008100000210106373,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14360","display_name":"Psidium guajava Extracts and Applications","score":0.0010000000474974513,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3004","display_name":"Pharmacology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/30","display_name":"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lemon","display_name":"lemon","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lemon-leaves","display_name":"lemon leaves","score":0.8230000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antibacterial-activity","display_name":"antibacterial activity","score":0.9020000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antioxidant-activity","display_name":"antioxidant activity","score":0.8989999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cytotoxicity","display_name":"cytotoxicity","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/minimum-inhibitory-concentration","display_name":"minimum inhibitory concentration","score":0.949999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/staphylococcus-aureus","display_name":"Staphylococcus aureus","score":0.9490000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pseudomonas-aeruginosa","display_name":"Pseudomonas aeruginosa","score":0.968999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bacillus-subtilis","display_name":"Bacillus subtilis","score":0.9449999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/escherichia-coli","display_name":"Escherichia coli","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/candida-albicans","display_name":"Candida albicans","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dpph-radical-scavenging-activity","display_name":"DPPH radical scavenging","score":0.9179999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brine-shrimp-lethality-test","display_name":"brine shrimp lethality test","score":0.9120000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plant-extracts","display_name":"plant extracts","score":0.703000009059906}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778400546","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q409628","display_name":"Resazurin","level":2,"score":0.8119999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910552941","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q500","display_name":"Citrus limon","level":2,"score":0.7590000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.6366999745368958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109316439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q246181","display_name":"Cytotoxicity","level":3,"score":0.6087999939918518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4937899","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q68541106","display_name":"Antimicrobial","level":2,"score":0.6072999835014343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778004101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133948","display_name":"Antioxidant","level":2,"score":0.5838000178337097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777272437","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131238","display_name":"Bacillus subtilis","level":3,"score":0.5662000179290771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176947019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q597889","display_name":"Minimum inhibitory concentration","level":3,"score":0.490200012922287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C547475151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25419","display_name":"Escherichia coli","level":3,"score":0.46209999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777637488","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31856","display_name":"Pseudomonas aeruginosa","level":3,"score":0.43880000710487366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780628323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413546","display_name":"Clotrimazole","level":3,"score":0.4293000102043152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89423630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7193","display_name":"Microbiology","level":1,"score":0.4156999886035919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31903555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1637030","display_name":"Food science","level":1,"score":0.4124999940395355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779489039","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188121","display_name":"Staphylococcus aureus","level":3,"score":0.3903999924659729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018190196","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41350","display_name":"Citrus paradisi","level":3,"score":0.3831000030040741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776835041","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q135292","display_name":"Pseudomonas fluorescens","level":3,"score":0.3693000078201294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780358455","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q903780","display_name":"Comet assay","level":4,"score":0.3555000126361847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C523546767","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10876","display_name":"Bacteria","level":2,"score":0.3531000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11636898","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q390585","display_name":"Agar diffusion test","level":4,"score":0.33660000562667847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780104969","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4774530","display_name":"Antibacterial activity","level":3,"score":0.32670000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.3264999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17741926","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q762045","display_name":"Bacterial growth","level":3,"score":0.32330000400543213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781353486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q146030","display_name":"Rutaceae","level":2,"score":0.321399986743927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019249092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q274493","display_name":"Antibacterial agent","level":3,"score":0.3093000054359436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776231299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245489","display_name":"Trolox","level":4,"score":0.30219998955726624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777728882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q407142","display_name":"Phenols","level":2,"score":0.2994000017642975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778722857","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3355098","display_name":"Citrus \u00d7 sinensis","level":3,"score":0.2921000123023987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154317977","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q376266","display_name":"Cytotoxic T cell","level":3,"score":0.2915000021457672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778039104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q149088","display_name":"Bacillales","level":4,"score":0.2883000075817108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C556039675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q771035","display_name":"Traditional medicine","level":1,"score":0.2818000018596649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67031304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q274579","display_name":"Preservative","level":2,"score":0.2727999985218048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776074239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2452042","display_name":"Sulforhodamine B","level":4,"score":0.2694999873638153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779707156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5611758","display_name":"Growth inhibition","level":3,"score":0.2572999894618988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776738503","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q138058","display_name":"Pseudomonadaceae","level":4,"score":0.2524999976158142}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.67072/1003/13/6","doi":"https://doi.org/10.67072/1003/13/6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.67072/1003/13/6","pdf_url":"https://journals.ush.edu.sd/applied/wp-content/uploads/sites/4/2025/10/ISSUE-13-Paper-07-062-076-In-vitro-Antimicrobial-Anti-oxidant-and-Cytotoxic-Properties-of-Citrus-limon-Leaves.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407064855","display_name":"Shendi University Journal of Applied Science","issn_l":"1858-9022","issn":["1858-9022"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Shendi University Journal of Applied Science","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.67072/1003/13/6","doi":"https://doi.org/10.67072/1003/13/6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.67072/1003/13/6","pdf_url":"https://journals.ush.edu.sd/applied/wp-content/uploads/sites/4/2025/10/ISSUE-13-Paper-07-062-076-In-vitro-Antimicrobial-Anti-oxidant-and-Cytotoxic-Properties-of-Citrus-limon-Leaves.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407064855","display_name":"Shendi University Journal of Applied Science","issn_l":"1858-9022","issn":["1858-9022"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Shendi University Journal of Applied Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.6240000128746033,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7212374727.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7212374727.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7168120792","https://openalex.org/W4406086040","https://openalex.org/W7132599612","https://openalex.org/W4406408634","https://openalex.org/W2463609586","https://openalex.org/W2794992381","https://openalex.org/W7007948121","https://openalex.org/W7123364026","https://openalex.org/W4360973833","https://openalex.org/W4389147786"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,106],"study":[1,107,215],"examined":[2],"the":[3,67,78,82,93,192,197],"antimicrobial,":[4,235],"antioxidant,":[5,236],"and":[6,40,49,58,88,148,152,158,180,191,228],"cytotoxicity":[7,193],"properties":[8,73,102],"of":[9,17,81,213,226],"Citrus":[10,232],"limon":[11,19,219],"(C.":[12],"limon).":[13],"The":[14,54,126,162,186,211],"crude":[15],"extract":[16,198],"C.":[18,218],"was":[20,74,90,130,189,209],"evaluated":[21,75],"for":[22],"antimicrobial":[23],"susceptibility":[24],"against":[25,111,132,174],"standard":[26],"bacteria:":[27],"two":[28,34],"Gram-positive,":[29],"Bacillus":[30],"subtilis,":[31],"Staphylococcus":[32],"aureus,":[33,134],"Gram-negative,":[35],"Escherichia":[36],"coli,":[37],"Pseudomonas":[38],"aeruginosa,":[39],"one":[41],"fungal":[42],"species,":[43],"Candida":[44],"albicans,":[45],"via":[46],"Erythromycin,":[47],"Cefoxime,":[48],"Clotrimazole":[50],"as":[51,222],"positive":[52],"controls.":[53],"disc":[55],"diffusion":[56],"method":[57],"resazurin":[59],"microtiter":[60],"plate":[61],"assays":[62],"were":[63],"utilized":[64],"to":[65,121,167],"evaluate":[66],"Minimum":[68],"Inhibitory":[69],"Concentrations":[70],"(MICs).":[71],"Antioxidant":[72],"by":[76,92,142],"examining":[77],"scavenging":[79],"ability":[80],"stable":[83],"2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl":[84],"(DPPH)":[85],"free":[86],"radical":[87],"cytotoxic":[89,237],"measured":[91],"brine":[94],"shrimp":[95],"lethality":[96],"test.":[97],"These":[98],"results":[99,194],"indicate":[100],"differential":[101],"on":[103],"bacterial":[104,113],"growth.":[105],"identified":[108],"inhibitory":[109],"effects":[110],"tested":[112],"strains,":[114],"with":[115,135,170],"inhibition":[116,129],"zones":[117],"ranging":[118],"from":[119,165],"11":[120],"11.6":[122],"mm":[123,157],"in":[124],"diameter.":[125],"most":[127],"pronounced":[128],"observed":[131],"S.":[133],"a":[136,223],"zone":[137],"measuring":[138],"11.6\u00b10.05":[139],"mm,":[140,147,160],"followed":[141],"Ps.":[143],"aeruginosa":[144],"at":[145,155],"11.5\u00b10.07":[146],"both":[149,175],"B.":[150],"subtilis":[151],"E.":[153],"coli":[154],"11.0\u00b10.01":[156],"11.0\u00b10.10":[159],"respectively.":[161],"MICs":[163],"ranged":[164],"50":[166,178],"75":[168,183],"mg/mL,":[169],"significant":[171,224],"antibacterial":[172,227],"activity":[173,188],"Gram-positive":[176],"(MIC:":[177,182],"mg/mL)":[179,184],"Gram-negative":[181],"bacteria.":[185],"antioxidant":[187,229],"56\u00b10.01,":[190],"indicated":[195,216],"that":[196,207,217],"had":[199],"an":[200],"LD50":[201],"value":[202],"exceeding":[203],"1000":[204],"\u00b5g/ml,":[205],"suggesting":[206],"it":[208],"non-toxic.":[210],"findings":[212],"this":[214],"may":[220],"serve":[221],"source":[225],"compounds.":[230],"Keywords:":[231],"limon,":[233],"In-vitro,":[234],"properties.":[238]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-28T10:33:24.094632","created_date":"2026-09-13T00:00:00"}