{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7212372302","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-10999689/v1","title":"Biochar-based carbon sequestration: physicochemical characterization and Assessment of carbon stability","display_name":"Biochar-based carbon sequestration: physicochemical characterization and Assessment of carbon stability","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-09-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7212372302","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-10999689/v1"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-10999689/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-10999689/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-10999689/v1","pdf_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-10999689/latest.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525896","display_name":"Research Square","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research Square","raw_type":"posted-content"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-10999689/latest.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5128028463","display_name":"Deshraj Singh Thakur","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1918-3212","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1918-3212"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"DESHRAJ SINGH","raw_affiliation_strings":["Govt Auto.Girls P.G. College Of Exellence"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1918-3212","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Govt Auto.Girls P.G. College Of Exellence","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5128028463"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10088","display_name":"Thermochemical Biomass Conversion Processes","score":0.7548999786376953,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2103","display_name":"Fuel Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10088","display_name":"Thermochemical Biomass Conversion Processes","score":0.7548999786376953,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2103","display_name":"Fuel Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10004","display_name":"Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics","score":0.20810000598430634,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1111","display_name":"Soil Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11302","display_name":"CO2 Sequestration and Geologic Interactions","score":0.0044999998062849045,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biochar","display_name":"biochar","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carbon-sequestration","display_name":"carbon sequestration","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carbon-stability","display_name":"carbon stability","score":0.843999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wood-biochar","display_name":"wood biochar","score":0.7940000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/slow-pyrolysis","display_name":"slow pyrolysis","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physicochemical-characterization","display_name":"physicochemical characterization","score":0.9309999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/porous-structure","display_name":"porous structure","score":0.7929999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/surface-functional-groups","display_name":"surface functional groups","score":0.7710000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biomass-derived-carbon","display_name":"biomass-derived carbon","score":0.35600000619888306}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36759035","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176848","display_name":"Pyrolysis","level":2,"score":0.777999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56085101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905495","display_name":"Biochar","level":3,"score":0.7542999982833862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160892712","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901559","display_name":"Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy","level":2,"score":0.7504000067710876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140205800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5860","display_name":"Carbon fibers","level":3,"score":0.7368000149726868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150394285","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180254","display_name":"Adsorption","level":2,"score":0.6104999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42360764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83588","display_name":"Chemical engineering","level":1,"score":0.5918999910354614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.5149999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780841128","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5073781","display_name":"Characterization (materials science)","level":2,"score":0.47760000824928284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26771246","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q321095","display_name":"Scanning electron microscope","level":2,"score":0.4733999967575073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153642686","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q70906","display_name":"Infrared spectroscopy","level":2,"score":0.46540001034736633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27923307","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q795838","display_name":"BET theory","level":3,"score":0.46129998564720154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6648577","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622669","display_name":"Porosity","level":2,"score":0.45820000767707825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C537208039","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q627","display_name":"Nitrogen","level":2,"score":0.4494999945163727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150581940","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622205","display_name":"Specific surface area","level":3,"score":0.42969998717308044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115540264","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2945560","display_name":"Biomass (ecology)","level":2,"score":0.4131999909877777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.3709000051021576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146088050","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q744818","display_name":"Transmission electron microscopy","level":2,"score":0.366100013256073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44038986","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q764245","display_name":"Carbon black","level":3,"score":0.35690000653266907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32891209","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483666","display_name":"Spectroscopy","level":2,"score":0.352400004863739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64885871","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2533665","display_name":"Elemental analysis","level":2,"score":0.3483000099658966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59061564","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7783071","display_name":"Thermal stability","level":2,"score":0.29510000348091125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60100273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q902806","display_name":"Thermogravimetric analysis","level":2,"score":0.267300009727478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C499950583","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183252","display_name":"Morphology (biology)","level":2,"score":0.2671999931335449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207114421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133900","display_name":"Diffraction","level":2,"score":0.25780001282691956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134121241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899301","display_name":"Yield (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.25769999623298645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199289684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83353","display_name":"Mineralogy","level":1,"score":0.2547000050544739}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-10999689/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-10999689/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-10999689/v1","pdf_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-10999689/latest.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525896","display_name":"Research Square","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research Square","raw_type":"posted-content"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-10999689/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-10999689/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-10999689/v1","pdf_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-10999689/latest.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525896","display_name":"Research Square","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research Square","raw_type":"posted-content"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.4000000059604645}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7212372302.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7212372302.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2050695214","https://openalex.org/W2078238238","https://openalex.org/W2095505314","https://openalex.org/W2149668014","https://openalex.org/W2256602519","https://openalex.org/W2781878791","https://openalex.org/W2790801624","https://openalex.org/W2812190665","https://openalex.org/W3088531672","https://openalex.org/W3091306688","https://openalex.org/W3139099957","https://openalex.org/W4360980581","https://openalex.org/W4383736485","https://openalex.org/W4385263904","https://openalex.org/W4388976203","https://openalex.org/W4389004511","https://openalex.org/W4389408702","https://openalex.org/W4406940266","https://openalex.org/W4409457383","https://openalex.org/W4409905152","https://openalex.org/W4411331163","https://openalex.org/W4412885207","https://openalex.org/W4413769136","https://openalex.org/W4414257867","https://openalex.org/W4414379821","https://openalex.org/W4414410786","https://openalex.org/W4416061630","https://openalex.org/W7117302771","https://openalex.org/W7124273539","https://openalex.org/W7126023490","https://openalex.org/W7143987550","https://openalex.org/W7154684350","https://openalex.org/W7165524724"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W6922649347","https://openalex.org/W2160715470","https://openalex.org/W4407498205","https://openalex.org/W4283458355","https://openalex.org/W7147392900","https://openalex.org/W3039287252","https://openalex.org/W1185894814","https://openalex.org/W4280632016","https://openalex.org/W7215117956","https://openalex.org/W4400690677"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Biochar":[1],"has":[2,167],"attracted":[3],"a":[4,9,98],"lot":[5],"of":[6,32],"attention":[7],"as":[8],"possible":[10,176],"carbon-sequestration":[11],"material":[12],"because":[13],"pyrolysis":[14,38],"converts":[15],"carbon":[16,173,178,184],"produced":[17,35],"from":[18],"biomass":[19],"into":[20],"an":[21],"extremely":[22],"durable,":[23],"carbon-rich":[24],"solid.":[25],"This":[26],"work":[27],"evaluated":[28],"the":[29,94,160,164],"carbon-stability":[30],"characteristics":[31],"wood-derived":[33],"biochar":[34,166],"by":[36,122,139,156],"slow":[37],"at":[39],"700\u00b0C":[40],"for":[41,172],"5":[42],"hours":[43],"under":[44],"oxygen-limited":[45],"conditions":[46],"using":[47,61],"thorough":[48],"physicochemical":[49],"characterization.":[50],"The":[51],"structural,":[52],"chemical,":[53],"morphological,":[54],"elemental,":[55],"and":[56,79,90,104,112,120,132,175,188],"surface":[57,108],"properties":[58],"were":[59,137],"assessed":[60],"X-ray":[62,76],"diffraction":[63],"(XRD),":[64],"Fourier":[65],"transform":[66],"infrared":[67],"spectroscopy":[68,77],"(FTIR),":[69],"scanning":[70],"electron":[71],"microscopy":[72],"combined":[73],"with":[74,102,110,145],"energy-dispersive":[75],"(SEM\u2013EDX),":[78],"Brunauer\u2013Emmett\u2013Teller":[80],"(BET)":[81],"analysis.":[82,158],"While":[83],"FTIR":[84],"revealed":[85,97,155],"distinctive":[86],"hydroxyl,":[87],"aliphatic":[88],"C\u2013H,":[89],"oxygen-containing":[91],"functional":[92],"groups,":[93],"XRD":[95],"pattern":[96],"mostly":[99],"disordered":[100],"structure":[101,144],"crystalline":[103],"mineral-associated":[105],"phases.":[106],"A":[107,141],"morphology":[109],"pores":[111],"interparticle":[113],"spaces":[114],"was":[115,154],"found":[116],"to":[117,181],"be":[118],"uneven":[119],"diverse":[121],"SEM.":[123],"85.91":[124],"weight":[125,129,134],"percent":[126,130,135],"C,":[127],"9.34":[128],"O,":[131],"4.74":[133],"Ca":[136],"displayed":[138],"EDX.":[140],"heterogeneous":[142],"porous":[143],"nitrogen":[146],"adsorption":[147],"reaching":[148],"around":[149],"140":[150],"cm\u00b3":[151],"STP":[152],"g\u207b\u00b9":[153],"BET":[157],"Overall,":[159],"findings":[161],"show":[162],"that":[163,169],"generated":[165],"qualities":[168],"are":[170,191],"advantageous":[171],"stabilization":[174],"long-term":[177,189],"storage.":[179],"However,":[180],"quantitatively":[182],"confirm":[183],"persistence,":[185],"field":[186],"research":[187],"incubation":[190],"needed.":[192]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-09T13:22:03.289127","created_date":"2026-09-13T00:00:00"}
