{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7212371400","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ohx.2026.e00839","title":"Open-source modular resistance welding equipment for thermoplastic composites","display_name":"Open-source modular resistance welding equipment for thermoplastic composites","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-09-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7212371400","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ohx.2026.e00839","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42774628","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/13594966"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.ohx.2026.e00839","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ohx.2026.e00839","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ohx.2026.e00839","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2898162711","display_name":"HardwareX","issn_l":"2468-0672","issn":["2468-0672"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-20"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"HardwareX","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ohx.2026.e00839","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038402623","display_name":"Jonas Frank Reis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4540-4098","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4540-4098"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I879563668","display_name":"Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)","ror":"https://ror.org/00987cb86","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I879563668"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jonas Frank Reis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Materials and Technology, School of Engineering and Science, S\u00e3o Paulo State University (UNESP), Guaratinguet\u00e1, State of S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4540-4098","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Materials and Technology, School of Engineering and Science, S\u00e3o Paulo State University (UNESP), Guaratinguet\u00e1, State of S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I879563668"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081253903","display_name":"Lu\u00eds Felipe Barbosa Marques","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7123-474X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7123-474X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I879563668","display_name":"Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)","ror":"https://ror.org/00987cb86","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I879563668"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lu\u00eds Felipe Barbosa Marques","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Materials and Technology, School of Engineering and Science, S\u00e3o Paulo State University (UNESP), Guaratinguet\u00e1, State of S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Materials and Technology, School of Engineering and Science, S\u00e3o Paulo State University (UNESP), Guaratinguet\u00e1, State of S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I879563668"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5130849360","display_name":"Miguel Omena Lucas Vieira","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I879563668","display_name":"Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)","ror":"https://ror.org/00987cb86","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I879563668"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Miguel Omena Lucas Vieira","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Materials and Technology, School of Engineering and Science, S\u00e3o Paulo State University (UNESP), Guaratinguet\u00e1, State of S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Materials and Technology, School of Engineering and Science, S\u00e3o Paulo State University (UNESP), Guaratinguet\u00e1, State of S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I879563668"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5130828512","display_name":"Davi Nascimento Gomes","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I879563668","display_name":"Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)","ror":"https://ror.org/00987cb86","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I879563668"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Davi Nascimento Gomes","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Materials and Technology, School of Engineering and Science, S\u00e3o Paulo State University (UNESP), Guaratinguet\u00e1, State of S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Materials and Technology, School of Engineering and Science, S\u00e3o Paulo State University (UNESP), Guaratinguet\u00e1, State of S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I879563668"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5130824234","display_name":"Thiago Kotz","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I879563668","display_name":"Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)","ror":"https://ror.org/00987cb86","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I879563668"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thiago Alves Kotz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Materials and Technology, School of Engineering and Science, S\u00e3o Paulo State University (UNESP), Guaratinguet\u00e1, State of S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Materials and Technology, School of Engineering and Science, S\u00e3o Paulo State University (UNESP), Guaratinguet\u00e1, State of S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I879563668"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076367790","display_name":"Lu\u00eds Rog\u00e9rio de Oliveira Hein","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9266-0668","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9266-0668"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I879563668","display_name":"Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)","ror":"https://ror.org/00987cb86","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I879563668"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luis Rogerio de Oliveira Hein","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Materials and Technology, School of Engineering and Science, S\u00e3o Paulo State University (UNESP), Guaratinguet\u00e1, State of S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Materials and Technology, School of Engineering and Science, S\u00e3o Paulo State University (UNESP), Guaratinguet\u00e1, State of S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I879563668"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5038402623"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I879563668"],"apc_list":{"value":610,"currency":"USD","value_usd":610},"apc_paid":{"value":610,"currency":"USD","value_usd":610},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.55958923,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"28","issue":null,"first_page":"e00839","last_page":"e00839"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10834","display_name":"Welding Techniques and Residual Stresses","score":0.7782999873161316,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10834","display_name":"Welding Techniques and Residual Stresses","score":0.7782999873161316,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10723","display_name":"Advanced Welding Techniques Analysis","score":0.17550000548362732,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11664","display_name":"Fiber-reinforced polymer composites","score":0.006300000008195639,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resistance-welding","display_name":"resistance welding","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermoplastic-composites","display_name":"thermoplastic composites","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/open-source-hardware","display_name":"open-source hardware","score":0.8859999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modular-hardware-architecture","display_name":"modular hardware architecture","score":0.6919999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/closed-loop-pressure-control","display_name":"closed-loop pressure control","score":0.8450000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arduino","display_name":"Arduino","score":0.6100000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/load-cell","display_name":"load cell","score":0.6589999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power-density","display_name":"power density","score":0.5619999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-data-logging","display_name":"real-time data logging","score":0.5210000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graphical-user-interface","display_name":"graphical user interface","score":0.7760000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/weld-quality","display_name":"weld quality","score":0.5},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/composite-joints","display_name":"composite joints","score":0.3790000081062317}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.6606000065803528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.6269000172615051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19474535","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131172","display_name":"Welding","level":2,"score":0.5819000005722046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781247691","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380677","display_name":"Thermoplastic","level":2,"score":0.5608999729156494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101468663","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1620158","display_name":"Modular design","level":2,"score":0.5333999991416931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992428131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380677","display_name":"Thermoplastic composites","level":3,"score":0.4867999851703644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44273521","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q968702","display_name":"Electric resistance welding","level":3,"score":0.32679998874664307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993417483","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380677","display_name":"Thermoplastic polymer","level":3,"score":0.29789999127388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203582535","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167738","display_name":"Plastic welding","level":5,"score":0.24609999358654022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777614354","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55648394","display_name":"Modular construction","level":3,"score":0.2387000024318695}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.ohx.2026.e00839","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ohx.2026.e00839","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ohx.2026.e00839","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2898162711","display_name":"HardwareX","issn_l":"2468-0672","issn":["2468-0672"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-20"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"HardwareX","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:42774628","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42774628","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"HardwareX","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:13594966","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13594966/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"HardwareX","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.ohx.2026.e00839","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ohx.2026.e00839","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ohx.2026.e00839","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2898162711","display_name":"HardwareX","issn_l":"2468-0672","issn":["2468-0672"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-20"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"HardwareX","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.7207000255584717,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322025","display_name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","ror":"https://ror.org/03swz6y49"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":59,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1970538169","https://openalex.org/W1971163657","https://openalex.org/W2023103779","https://openalex.org/W2028197925","https://openalex.org/W2068282408","https://openalex.org/W2094575406","https://openalex.org/W2113869418","https://openalex.org/W2144633932","https://openalex.org/W2548348826","https://openalex.org/W2564305727","https://openalex.org/W2584285503","https://openalex.org/W2622340720","https://openalex.org/W2622369455","https://openalex.org/W2624045800","https://openalex.org/W2735938873","https://openalex.org/W2740819963","https://openalex.org/W2766790707","https://openalex.org/W2789403617","https://openalex.org/W2806619292","https://openalex.org/W2883533037","https://openalex.org/W2898290749","https://openalex.org/W2902070008","https://openalex.org/W2912819272","https://openalex.org/W2914122727","https://openalex.org/W2915737826","https://openalex.org/W2940351292","https://openalex.org/W2955682483","https://openalex.org/W2959882925","https://openalex.org/W2973149500","https://openalex.org/W2980175762","https://openalex.org/W2984994088","https://openalex.org/W2989017319","https://openalex.org/W3006488282","https://openalex.org/W3011339157","https://openalex.org/W3084242143","https://openalex.org/W3096042278","https://openalex.org/W3120422960","https://openalex.org/W3132248849","https://openalex.org/W3205583347","https://openalex.org/W3208589676","https://openalex.org/W4283372414","https://openalex.org/W4296410642","https://openalex.org/W4307221095","https://openalex.org/W4308646182","https://openalex.org/W4312054779","https://openalex.org/W4313442830","https://openalex.org/W4313531880","https://openalex.org/W4385389232","https://openalex.org/W4385445814","https://openalex.org/W4385781809","https://openalex.org/W4390755445","https://openalex.org/W4392135381","https://openalex.org/W4401500935","https://openalex.org/W4402989717","https://openalex.org/W4403305704","https://openalex.org/W4404058975","https://openalex.org/W4404584520","https://openalex.org/W7154100462","https://openalex.org/W7156174806"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2020256364","https://openalex.org/W2055398279","https://openalex.org/W4381295676","https://openalex.org/W2060754433","https://openalex.org/W4386692618","https://openalex.org/W6942268568","https://openalex.org/W7125518992","https://openalex.org/W2078799746","https://openalex.org/W4400516215","https://openalex.org/W4416230682"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"an":[3,43,47,107],"integrated":[4,166],"open-source":[5],"platform":[6,214],"for":[7,224],"resistance":[8],"welding":[9,22,176],"of":[10,42,68,129,135,146,174,229],"thermoplastic":[11,230],"composites,":[12],"developed":[13],"as":[14,79],"a":[15,37,65,102,157,182,196],"low-cost,":[16],"self-contained":[17],"alternative":[18],"to":[19,94],"expensive":[20],"industrial":[21],"stations.":[23],"The":[24,213],"system":[25,105],"combines":[26],"automated":[27,33],"pressure":[28],"control,":[29],"real-time":[30,127],"instrumentation,":[31],"and":[32,46,86,111,124,141,143,149,161,191,195,208,220,226],"data":[34,199,222],"logging":[35],"within":[36],"modular":[38],"hardware":[39],"architecture":[40],"consisting":[41],"aluminum":[44],"frame":[45],"electrically":[48],"insulating":[49],"wooden":[50,89],"base":[51],"that":[52],"minimizes":[53],"current":[54],"leakage,":[55],"complemented":[56],"during":[57],"operation":[58],"by":[59,156],"external":[60],"ceramic":[61],"insulator":[62],"plates,":[63],"not":[64],"permanent":[66],"component":[67],"the":[69,73,80,84,88,168,172,178,192],"equipment,":[70],"positioned":[71],"at":[72,83],"sample-electrode":[74],"interface,":[75],"where":[76],"they":[77],"act":[78],"thermal":[81],"barrier":[82],"joint":[85],"protect":[87],"structure":[90],"from":[91],"direct":[92],"exposure":[93],"weld":[95,218],"interface":[96,119],"temperatures.":[97],"Pressure":[98],"is":[99,154],"regulated":[100],"through":[101],"closed-loop":[103],"feedback":[104],"using":[106],"Arduino-controlled":[108],"linear":[109],"actuator":[110],"load":[112],"cell.":[113],"A":[114],"dedicated":[115],"Python-based":[116],"graphical":[117],"user":[118],"provides":[120],"high-fidelity":[121],"process":[122,187],"control":[123,169],"monitoring,":[125],"featuring":[126],"visualization":[128],"voltage":[130],"versus":[131],"time,":[132],"continuous":[133],"acquisition":[134,223],"temperature":[136,209],"(Type-K":[137],"thermocouple),":[138],"voltage,":[139,204],"current,":[140,205],"power,":[142,206],"on-the-fly":[144],"calculation":[145],"power":[147],"density":[148],"heating":[150],"element":[151],"resistance.":[152],"Power":[153],"supplied":[155],"Huawei":[158],"R4850G2":[159],"rectifier":[160],"JUNTEK":[162],"DPM8624":[163],"converter,":[164],"fully":[165],"into":[167],"logic.":[170],"At":[171],"end":[173],"each":[175],"cycle,":[177],"software":[179],"automatically":[180],"generates":[181],"comprehensive":[183],"PDF":[184],"report":[185],"(including":[186],"parameters,":[188],"specimen":[189],"dimensions,":[190],"voltage-time":[193],"graph)":[194],"synchronized":[197],"raw":[198],"log":[200],"file":[201],"(.txt)":[202],"containing":[203],"pressure,":[207],"sampled":[210],"every":[211],"second.":[212],"enables":[215],"precise,":[216],"repeatable":[217],"quality":[219],"accessible":[221],"research":[225],"small-scale":[227],"manufacturing":[228],"composite":[231],"joints.":[232]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-28T10:33:24.094632","created_date":"2026-09-13T00:00:00"}
