{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7212367442","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1136/lupus-2026-002017","title":"Integrated metabolomics and DNA methylation signatures and their association with flare remission in SLE","display_name":"Integrated metabolomics and DNA methylation signatures and their association with flare remission in SLE","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7212367442","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1136/lupus-2026-002017","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42731887","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/13583882"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1136/lupus-2026-002017","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1136/lupus-2026-002017","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1136/lupus-2026-002017","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764956401","display_name":"Lupus Science & Medicine","issn_l":"2053-8790","issn":["2053-8790"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319945","host_organization_name":"BMJ","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319945"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BMJ"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lupus Science &amp; Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1136/lupus-2026-002017","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019627537","display_name":"Mary K. Horton","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0854-4219","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0854-4219"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090236","display_name":"National Human Genome Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/00baak391","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210090236"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mary Horton","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0854-4219","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210090236"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5123533273","display_name":"Dylan Johnson","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210095140","display_name":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/00j4k1h63","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210095140"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dylan Johnson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Integrative Bioinformatics Support Group, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, North Carolina, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Integrative Bioinformatics Support Group, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, North Carolina, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210095140"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040574845","display_name":"Kirsten E. Overdahl","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3607-4768","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3607-4768"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210095140","display_name":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/00j4k1h63","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210095140"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kirsten E Overdahl","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mass Spectrometry Research Center, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, North Carolina, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mass Spectrometry Research Center, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, North Carolina, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210095140"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050138344","display_name":"Joanne Nititham","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9972-1451","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9972-1451"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090236","display_name":"National Human Genome Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/00baak391","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210090236"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joanne Nititham","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210090236"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055196283","display_name":"Kimberly E. Taylor","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6848-9074","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6848-9074"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180670191","display_name":"University of California, San Francisco","ror":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kimberly E Taylor","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Rheumatology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Rheumatology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057664518","display_name":"Patricia Katz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8146-2519","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8146-2519"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180670191","display_name":"University of California, San Francisco","ror":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Patricia Katz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Rheumatology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8146-2519","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Rheumatology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5151489712","display_name":"Jimmie Ye Chun","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180670191","display_name":"University of California, San Francisco","ror":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jimmie Ye Chun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Rheumatology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Rheumatology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027451778","display_name":"Jinoos Yazdany","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3508-4094","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3508-4094"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180670191","display_name":"University of California, San Francisco","ror":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jinoos Yazdany","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Rheumatology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3508-4094","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Rheumatology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034127273","display_name":"Maria Dall\u2019Era","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7439-2316","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7439-2316"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180670191","display_name":"University of California, San Francisco","ror":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maria Dall\u2019Era","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Rheumatology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Rheumatology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081625019","display_name":"Lisa F. Barcellos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0303-3479","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0303-3479"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95457486","display_name":"University of California, Berkeley","ror":"https://ror.org/01an7q238","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lisa F Barcellos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Epidemiology/Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Epidemiology/Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026548190","display_name":"Jian\u2010Liang Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6487-081X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6487-081X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210095140","display_name":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/00j4k1h63","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210095140"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jian-Liang Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Integrative Bioinformatics Support Group, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, North Carolina, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Integrative Bioinformatics Support Group, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, North Carolina, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210095140"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084397587","display_name":"Alan K. Jarmusch","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2228-6308","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2228-6308"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210095140","display_name":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/00j4k1h63","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210095140"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alan K Jarmusch","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mass Spectrometry Research Center, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, North Carolina, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mass Spectrometry Research Center, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, North Carolina, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210095140"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082388906","display_name":"Lindsey A. Criswell","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0761-7543","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0761-7543"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090236","display_name":"National Human Genome Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/00baak391","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210090236"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lindsey A Criswell","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210090236"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031267993","display_name":"Cristina M. Lanata","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6017-4921","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6017-4921"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090236","display_name":"National Human Genome Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/00baak391","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210090236"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Cristina M Lanata","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210090236"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5031267993"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210090236"],"apc_list":{"value":1950,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":2391},"apc_paid":{"value":1950,"currency":"GBP","value_usd":2391},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.70299716,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"2","first_page":"e002017","last_page":"e002017"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10308","display_name":"Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Research","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2745","display_name":"Rheumatology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10308","display_name":"Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Research","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2745","display_name":"Rheumatology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10836","display_name":"Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry Studies","score":0.001500000013038516,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10269","display_name":"Epigenetics and DNA Methylation","score":0.0005000000237487257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/systemic-lupus-erythematosus","display_name":"systemic lupus erythematosus","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lupus-flares","display_name":"lupus flares","score":0.7310000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metabolomics","display_name":"metabolomics","score":0.8569999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dna-methylation","display_name":"DNA methylation","score":0.9890000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adenosine","display_name":"adenosine","score":0.9150000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bilirubin","display_name":"bilirubin","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ebf1","display_name":"EBF1","score":0.7950000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/il12b","display_name":"IL12B","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/immune-related-genes","display_name":"immune-related genes","score":0.777999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/treatment-response-biomarkers","display_name":"treatment response biomarkers","score":0.6000000238418579}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775921022","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25104749","display_name":"dNaM","level":5,"score":0.9139999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21565614","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12149006","display_name":"Metabolomics","level":2,"score":0.6668999791145325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.650600016117096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777477808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q407595","display_name":"Metabolite","level":2,"score":0.6460000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190727270","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q874745","display_name":"DNA methylation","level":4,"score":0.5331000089645386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135870905","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q903667","display_name":"Metabolome","level":3,"score":0.516700029373169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779588948","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628261","display_name":"Flare","level":2,"score":0.47620001435279846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33288867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q518328","display_name":"Methylation","level":3,"score":0.3955000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.39410001039505005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72563966","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1303415","display_name":"Cohort","level":2,"score":0.33090001344680786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.3237999975681305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777513400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104219","display_name":"Bilirubin","level":2,"score":0.29089999198913574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776912625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1485","display_name":"Systemic lupus erythematosus","level":3,"score":0.2906000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C552990157","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7430","display_name":"DNA","level":2,"score":0.2881999909877777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117220453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5172842","display_name":"Correlation","level":2,"score":0.28220000863075256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.28130000829696655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137061746","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q736033","display_name":"Peripheral blood mononuclear cell","level":3,"score":0.27559998631477356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.27459999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20299238","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q363928","display_name":"Lipocalin","level":2,"score":0.25589999556541443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186413461","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q744727","display_name":"Genetic association","level":5,"score":0.25540000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60644358","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128570","display_name":"Bioinformatics","level":1,"score":0.2538999915122986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160798450","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4230870","display_name":"Concordance","level":2,"score":0.2526000142097473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77350462","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1125472","display_name":"Confounding","level":2,"score":0.25029999017715454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776991684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190012","display_name":"Adenosine","level":2,"score":0.2500999867916107}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000067251","descriptor_name":"Symptom Flare Up","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000241","descriptor_name":"Adenosine","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001663","descriptor_name":"Bilirubin","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008180","descriptor_name":"Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008180","descriptor_name":"Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008180","descriptor_name":"Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012074","descriptor_name":"Remission Induction","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015415","descriptor_name":"Biomarkers","qualifier_ui":"Q000097","qualifier_name":"blood","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019175","descriptor_name":"DNA Methylation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D055432","descriptor_name":"Metabolomics","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1136/lupus-2026-002017","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1136/lupus-2026-002017","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1136/lupus-2026-002017","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764956401","display_name":"Lupus Science & Medicine","issn_l":"2053-8790","issn":["2053-8790"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319945","host_organization_name":"BMJ","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319945"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BMJ"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lupus Science &amp; Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:42731887","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42731887","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lupus science & medicine","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:13583882","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13583882/pdf/lupus-13-2.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lupus Sci Med","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:fc80ff73e08d4a4295cf239e1d797781","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/fc80ff73e08d4a4295cf239e1d797781","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Lupus Science and Medicine, Vol 13, Iss 2 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1136/lupus-2026-002017","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1136/lupus-2026-002017","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1136/lupus-2026-002017","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764956401","display_name":"Lupus Science & Medicine","issn_l":"2053-8790","issn":["2053-8790"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319945","host_organization_name":"BMJ","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319945"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BMJ"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Lupus Science &amp; Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.98580002784729}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1741941681","display_name":"RACIAL/ETHNIC AND SOCIOECONOMIC DISPARITIES IN BIOLOGIC AND CLINICAL SLE OUTCOMES","funder_award_id":"U01DP005120","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332162","funder_display_name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000859896","display_name":"Mass Spectrometry-based Untargeted Metabolomics","funder_award_id":"ZICES103363","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337361","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332162","display_name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","ror":"https://ror.org/042twtr12"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337348","display_name":"National Human Genome Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/00baak391"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337361","display_name":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/00j4k1h63"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1488520384","https://openalex.org/W1911678481","https://openalex.org/W2043470691","https://openalex.org/W2053385401","https://openalex.org/W2087380253","https://openalex.org/W2101870168","https://openalex.org/W2141455950","https://openalex.org/W2146512944","https://openalex.org/W2150446771","https://openalex.org/W2548357532","https://openalex.org/W2611806137","https://openalex.org/W2765752198","https://openalex.org/W2801780797","https://openalex.org/W2922522932","https://openalex.org/W2938956651","https://openalex.org/W2942681754","https://openalex.org/W2945075911","https://openalex.org/W3014530398","https://openalex.org/W3021153526","https://openalex.org/W3096873887","https://openalex.org/W4200015496","https://openalex.org/W4206447491","https://openalex.org/W4213285711","https://openalex.org/W4214611162","https://openalex.org/W4220700446","https://openalex.org/W4281771218","https://openalex.org/W4321503471","https://openalex.org/W4386967475","https://openalex.org/W4388046988","https://openalex.org/W4390115984","https://openalex.org/W4394884062","https://openalex.org/W4405516749"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4410715884","https://openalex.org/W4405516749","https://openalex.org/W7220665916","https://openalex.org/W7133203078","https://openalex.org/W7160831838","https://openalex.org/W4282937982","https://openalex.org/W4417333683","https://openalex.org/W3121057102","https://openalex.org/W6958147172","https://openalex.org/W7133196531"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Objective":[0],"Identify":[1],"whether":[2],"changes":[3,14,102,145,243],"in":[4,15,103,122,228,244],"metabolite":[5],"abundance":[6],"are":[7,274],"associated":[8,73,113,149,238],"with":[9,23,74,114,119,150,163,239,253],"SLE":[10,24,120],"flare":[11,30,240],"remission":[12,75,88,123,241],"and":[13,31,45,58,84,95,107,129,134,175,200,220,235,242,250,262,282],"DNA":[16],"methylation":[17],"(DNAm).":[18],"Methods":[19],"40":[20],"multiethnic":[21],"patients":[22,118],"were":[25,121,148,153,161,237],"recruited":[26],"during":[27],"a":[28,85,155,195],"rheumatologist-confirmed":[29],"returned":[32],"to":[33,54,173,182,270,276],"the":[34,77,81,125,278],"clinic":[35],"3":[36],"months":[37],"later.":[38],"Per":[39],"visit,":[40],"we":[41],"obtained":[42],"blood":[43],"samples":[44],"generated":[46],"untargeted":[47],"metabolomics":[48],"(ultra-high":[49],"performance":[50],"liquid":[51],"chromatography":[52],"coupled":[53],"high-resolution":[55],"mass":[56],"spectrometry)":[57],"DNAm":[59,108,202,245,254],"(Illumina":[60],"EPIC":[61],"array)":[62],"profiles.":[63],"We":[64,97,139,184],"identified":[65,140,185],"chemical":[66,105,142,158,189,229],"features":[67,106,143],"whose":[68,144],"change":[69],"between":[70,101,198],"visits":[71],"was":[72],"at":[76,109,124,137,246],"follow-up":[78,93,126],"visit":[79],"using":[80],"limma":[82],"package":[83],"time":[86,94,147],"\u00d7":[87],"interaction":[89],"term,":[90],"adjusting":[91],"for":[92,99],"medications.":[96],"tested":[98],"correlations":[100,252],"significant":[104],"291":[110],"sites":[111],"previously":[112],"remission.":[115,151],"Results":[116],"16":[117],"visit.":[127],"Remitters":[128],"non-remitters":[130],"had":[131],"similar":[132],"demographics":[133],"disease":[135],"activity":[136],"baseline.":[138],"62":[141],"over":[146],"19":[152],"assigned":[154],"putative":[156],"consensus":[157],"formula.":[159],"Two":[160],"confirmed":[162,232],"reference":[164],"standards\u2014adenosine":[165],"(interaction":[166],"coefficient":[167],"(\u03b2):":[168],"2.29,":[169],"95%":[170,179],"CI":[171,180],"1.44":[172],"3.14)":[174],"bilirubin":[176,234],"(\u03b2:":[177],"2.02,":[178],"1.09":[181],"2.94).":[183],"23":[186],"significantly":[187],"correlated":[188],"feature-DNAm":[190],"pairs":[191],"(p<0.05/62\u00d7291).":[192],"This":[193],"included":[194],"strong":[196],"correlation":[197],"adenosine":[199],"four":[201],"sites,":[203],"including":[204,231],"three":[205],"within":[206],"immune-related":[207],"genes":[208],",":[209],"EBF1":[210],"(r=\u22120.77,":[211],"p=1.35\u00d710":[212],"\u22127":[213],"),":[214],"IL12B":[215],"(r=0.69,":[216],"p=1.87\u00d710":[217],"\u22126":[218,224],")":[219],"GRAMD1C":[221],"(r=\u22120.71,":[222],"p=1.00\u00d710":[223],").":[225],"Conclusion":[226],"Changes":[227],"features,":[230],"metabolites":[233,281],"adenosine,":[236],"SLE-relevant":[247],"loci.":[248],"Metabolites":[249],"their":[251],"might":[255],"serve":[256],"as":[257],"indicators":[258],"of":[259,266,268,280,284],"immune":[260],"function":[261],"improve":[263],"our":[264],"knowledge":[265],"determinants":[267],"response":[269],"treatment.":[271],"Future":[272],"studies":[273],"needed":[275],"confirm":[277],"identities":[279],"robustness":[283],"findings.":[285]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2026-09-13T00:00:00"}