{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7212276136","doi":"https://doi.org/10.66073/researchfocus.v1i4.2928","title":"GEOMETRIC MODELING AND VISUALIZATION OF 2D AND 3D FRACTAL STRUCTURED SHAPES","display_name":"GEOMETRIC MODELING AND VISUALIZATION OF 2D AND 3D FRACTAL STRUCTURED SHAPES","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7212276136","doi":"https://doi.org/10.66073/researchfocus.v1i4.2928"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.66073/researchfocus.v1i4.2928","doi":"https://doi.org/10.66073/researchfocus.v1i4.2928","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.66073/researchfocus.v1i4.2928","pdf_url":"https://refocus.uz/index.php/rf/article/download/2928/2583","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407062964","display_name":"Research Focus International Scientific Journal","issn_l":"2181-3833","issn":["2181-3833"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Research Focus International Scientific Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://refocus.uz/index.php/rf/article/download/2928/2583","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010506535","display_name":"Shaxzoda Shonazarova Toxir qizi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21256249","display_name":"Tashkent University of Information Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05987a729","country_code":"UZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21256249"]}],"countries":["UZ"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Shaxzoda Shonazarova Toxir qizi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Master of Tashkent University of Information Technologies"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Master of Tashkent University of Information Technologies","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21256249"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5010506535"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21256249"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.36109624,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"1","issue":"4","first_page":"56","last_page":"75"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12325","display_name":"Urban Design and Spatial Analysis","score":0.864300012588501,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12325","display_name":"Urban Design and Spatial Analysis","score":0.864300012588501,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12698","display_name":"3D Modeling in Geospatial Applications","score":0.1080000028014183,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13890","display_name":"Remote Sensing and Land Use","score":0.003700000001117587,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fractal-dimension","display_name":"fractal dimension","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-surface-model","display_name":"digital surface model","score":0.824999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lidar","display_name":"LiDAR","score":0.9679999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/box-counting-method","display_name":"box-counting method","score":0.9269999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voxelization","display_name":"voxelization","score":0.8299999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-complexity","display_name":"urban complexity","score":0.8080000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-morphology","display_name":"urban morphology","score":0.5950000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/surface-roughness","display_name":"surface roughness","score":0.7960000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/solar-radiation","display_name":"solar radiation","score":0.8799999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/elevation","display_name":"altitude","score":0.609000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-biodiversity","display_name":"urban biodiversity","score":0.5669999718666077}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26546657","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1412452","display_name":"Fractal dimension","level":3,"score":0.6711000204086304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40636538","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81392","display_name":"Fractal","level":2,"score":0.6028000116348267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776799497","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q484298","display_name":"Surface (topology)","level":2,"score":0.5821999907493591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36464697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q451553","display_name":"Visualization","level":2,"score":0.5526999831199646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780009758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6804172","display_name":"Measure (data warehouse)","level":2,"score":0.510200023651123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.41990000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204241405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q461499","display_name":"Transformation (genetics)","level":3,"score":0.41920000314712524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181843262","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q640492","display_name":"Digital elevation model","level":2,"score":0.41780000925064087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.3919999897480011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33676613","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13415176","display_name":"Dimension (graph theory)","level":2,"score":0.38370001316070557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104065381","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1002535","display_name":"Geometric modeling","level":2,"score":0.35830000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.34619998931884766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51399673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q504027","display_name":"Lidar","level":2,"score":0.3402999937534332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.3296000063419342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.32829999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49545453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q69883","display_name":"Urban planning","level":2,"score":0.32589998841285706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162494671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2845227","display_name":"Fractal analysis","level":4,"score":0.3179999887943268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172367668","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6504956","display_name":"Data visualization","level":3,"score":0.3093999922275543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3028999865055084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7305733","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207961","display_name":"Geometric shape","level":2,"score":0.2903999984264374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.28380000591278076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983128922","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1789829","display_name":"Digital surface","level":3,"score":0.28360000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.2831000089645386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776542497","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5266672","display_name":"Development (topology)","level":2,"score":0.2766999900341034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776608160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4785462","display_name":"Natural (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.26989999413490295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41856607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483130","display_name":"Geographic information system","level":2,"score":0.26980000734329224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.26739999651908875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.25929999351501465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.25679999589920044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76969082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q486902","display_name":"Mathematical model","level":2,"score":0.2547000050544739}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.66073/researchfocus.v1i4.2928","doi":"https://doi.org/10.66073/researchfocus.v1i4.2928","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.66073/researchfocus.v1i4.2928","pdf_url":"https://refocus.uz/index.php/rf/article/download/2928/2583","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407062964","display_name":"Research Focus International Scientific Journal","issn_l":"2181-3833","issn":["2181-3833"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Research Focus International Scientific Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.66073/researchfocus.v1i4.2928","doi":"https://doi.org/10.66073/researchfocus.v1i4.2928","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.66073/researchfocus.v1i4.2928","pdf_url":"https://refocus.uz/index.php/rf/article/download/2928/2583","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407062964","display_name":"Research Focus International Scientific Journal","issn_l":"2181-3833","issn":["2181-3833"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Research Focus International Scientific Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9333000183105469,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7212276136.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7212276136.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":6,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1497089999","https://openalex.org/W1976668093","https://openalex.org/W1981723326","https://openalex.org/W2036490753","https://openalex.org/W2043206750","https://openalex.org/W2105490361"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3213579748","https://openalex.org/W2390855074","https://openalex.org/W2375451773","https://openalex.org/W2360338089","https://openalex.org/W7118472215","https://openalex.org/W4306671169","https://openalex.org/W2358032071","https://openalex.org/W1989509324","https://openalex.org/W4403971255","https://openalex.org/W2918299857"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Cities":[0],"are":[1,8],"complex":[2,169],"systems":[3],"and":[4,14,23,43,95,115,132,142,153,179],"their":[5],"physical":[6,175],"forms":[7],"the":[9,19,48,54,62,102,111],"manifestation":[10],"of":[11,21,37,50,56,80,90,105,113],"cultural,":[12],"social":[13],"economic":[15],"processes":[16],"shaped":[17],"by":[18,110],"geometry":[20],"natural":[22,44],"man-made":[24],"elements.":[25],"Digital":[26],"Surface":[27],"Models":[28],"(DSM)":[29],"using":[30],"LiDAR":[31],"provide":[32,97],"an":[33],"efficient":[34],"volumetric":[35],"transformation":[36],"urban":[38,51,107,170,180],"fabric":[39],"including":[40],"all":[41],"built":[42],"elements":[45],"which":[46],"allows":[47],"study":[49,165],"complexity":[52,104],"through":[53],"lens":[55],"fractal":[57,162],"dimension":[58],"(D).":[59],"Founded":[60],"on":[61],"\u201cbox-counting\u201d":[63],"method,":[64],"we":[65],"reveal":[66],"a":[67,98,136],"voxelization":[68],"technique":[69],"developed":[70],"in":[71,168],"GIS":[72],"(Geographic":[73],"Information":[74],"System)":[75],"to":[76,100,164],"estimate":[77],"D":[78,88,120],"values":[79,89,121],"ten":[81],"DSM":[82,124,140],"samples":[83],"across":[84],"central":[85],"Melbourne.":[86],"Estimated":[87],"surface":[91,133,154],"models":[92],"(between":[93],"2":[94],"3)":[96],"measure":[99],"interpret":[101],"structural":[103],"different":[106],"characters":[108],"defined":[109],"pattern":[112],"developments":[114],"densities.":[116],"The":[117,156],"correlations":[118,147],"between":[119,139],"with":[122,150],"other":[123],"properties":[125],"such":[126,172],"as":[127,173],"elevation,":[128],"volume,":[129],"solar":[130,151],"radiation":[131,152],"roughness,":[134],"showed":[135],"strong":[137],"relationship":[138],"volume":[141],"mean":[143],"elevation.":[144],"Lower":[145],"strength":[146],"were":[148],"recorded":[149],"roughness.":[155],"proposed":[157],"method":[158],"provides":[159],"opportunities":[160],"for":[161],"research":[163],"pressing":[166],"issues":[167],"environments":[171],"declining":[174],"fitness,":[176],"mental":[177],"health":[178],"biodiversity.":[181]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-28T10:33:24.094632","created_date":"2026-09-12T00:00:00"}