{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7212221383","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.09.09.748908","title":"Conserved covariance structure underlies 60 million years of morphological diversification in primates","display_name":"Conserved covariance structure underlies 60 million years of morphological diversification in primates","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-09-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7212221383","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.09.09.748908"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.64898/2026.09.09.748908","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.09.09.748908","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.09.09.748908","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402567","display_name":"bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2750212522","host_organization_name":"Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2750212522"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"bioRxiv","raw_type":"posted-content"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.09.09.748908","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015728412","display_name":"Anna Penna","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5147-317X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5147-317X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I184942183","display_name":"University of Oslo","ror":"https://ror.org/01xtthb56","country_code":"NO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184942183"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I187531555","display_name":"Lund University","ror":"https://ror.org/012a77v79","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I187531555"]}],"countries":["NO","SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anna Penna","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden","Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5147-317X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I187531555"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184942183"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103022718","display_name":"Diogo Melo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7603-0092","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7603-0092"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17974374","display_name":"Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo","ror":"https://ror.org/036rp1748","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17974374"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Diogo Melo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departamento de Gen\u00e9tica e Biologia Evolutiva, Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo, SP, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7603-0092","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departamento de Gen\u00e9tica e Biologia Evolutiva, Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo, SP, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17974374"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054480790","display_name":"Bruce S Martin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4412-8965","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4412-8965"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165733156","display_name":"University of Georgia","ror":"https://ror.org/00te3t702","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165733156"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bruce S. Martin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Plant Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4412-8965","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Plant Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165733156"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025081444","display_name":"Monique Nouailhetas Simon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0106-2660","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0106-2660"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17974374","display_name":"Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo","ror":"https://ror.org/036rp1748","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17974374"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Monique N. Simon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Programa de Biologia Comparada, Faculdade de Filosofia Ciencias e Letras de Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, SP, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0106-2660","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Programa de Biologia Comparada, Faculdade de Filosofia Ciencias e Letras de Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, SP, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17974374"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059421353","display_name":"Daniela M. Rossoni","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0470-0608","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0470-0608"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I187531555","display_name":"Lund University","ror":"https://ror.org/012a77v79","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I187531555"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniela M. Rossoni","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0470-0608","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I187531555"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056556866","display_name":"B\u00e1rbara M. A. Costa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3997-4027","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3997-4027"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I103163165","display_name":"Florida State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05g3dte14","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I103163165"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I187531555","display_name":"Lund University","ror":"https://ror.org/012a77v79","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I187531555"]}],"countries":["SE","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Barbara A. Costa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biological Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA","Department of Biology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3997-4027","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biological Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I103163165"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I187531555"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037392579","display_name":"Guilherme Garcia","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17974374","display_name":"Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo","ror":"https://ror.org/036rp1748","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17974374"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guilherme Garcia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departamento de Gen\u00e9tica e Biologia Evolutiva, Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo, SP, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departamento de Gen\u00e9tica e Biologia Evolutiva, Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo, SP, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17974374"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5151346732","display_name":"Felipe B. de Oliveira","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17974374","display_name":"Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo","ror":"https://ror.org/036rp1748","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17974374"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Felipe B. de Oliveira","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departamento de Gen\u00e9tica e Biologia Evolutiva, Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo, SP, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departamento de Gen\u00e9tica e Biologia Evolutiva, Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo, SP, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17974374"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026279076","display_name":"Gabriel Marroig","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2542-2034","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2542-2034"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17974374","display_name":"Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo","ror":"https://ror.org/036rp1748","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17974374"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gabriel Marroig","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departamento de Gen\u00e9tica e Biologia Evolutiva, Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo, SP, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2542-2034","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departamento de Gen\u00e9tica e Biologia Evolutiva, Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo, SP, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17974374"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074119959","display_name":"Fabio Andrade Machado","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0215-9926","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0215-9926"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115475287","display_name":"Oklahoma State University","ror":"https://ror.org/01g9vbr38","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115475287"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Fabio A. Machado","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0215-9926","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115475287"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5074119959"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115475287"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12417","display_name":"Morphological variations and asymmetry","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1105","display_name":"Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12417","display_name":"Morphological variations and asymmetry","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1105","display_name":"Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11354","display_name":"Evolution and Paleontology Studies","score":0.0008999999845400453,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1911","display_name":"Paleontology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10174","display_name":"Animal Behavior and Reproduction","score":0.0006000000284984708,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1105","display_name":"Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/evolvability","display_name":"evolvability","score":0.9660000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/morphological-diversification","display_name":"morphological diversification","score":0.9100000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/selection-gradients","display_name":"selection gradients","score":0.515999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/developmental-architecture","display_name":"developmental architecture","score":0.4440000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/evolutionary-stasis","display_name":"evolutionary stasis","score":0.5009999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/primate-radiation","display_name":"primate radiation","score":0.7519999742507935}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176147130","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q909622","display_name":"Evolvability","level":2,"score":0.8985000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.7875999808311462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.7716000080108643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178650346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201984","display_name":"Covariance","level":2,"score":0.7235999703407288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778334786","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1586270","display_name":"Variation (astronomy)","level":2,"score":0.5529000163078308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81917197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","level":2,"score":0.49230000376701355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106934330","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1971873","display_name":"Trait","level":2,"score":0.47589999437332153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2262138","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4529558","display_name":"Stabilizing selection","level":4,"score":0.4535999894142151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171578705","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5418700","display_name":"Evolutionary dynamics","level":3,"score":0.423799991607666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167683757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5937774","display_name":"Human evolutionary genetics","level":4,"score":0.38280001282691956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51255272","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q550479","display_name":"Quantitative genetics","level":4,"score":0.375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90132467","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q171184","display_name":"Phylogenetics","level":3,"score":0.37380000948905945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9287583","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5532883","display_name":"Genetic architecture","level":4,"score":0.3555000126361847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776838516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187787","display_name":"Genetic algorithm","level":2,"score":0.3361000120639801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194811659","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q216818","display_name":"Adaptive radiation","level":4,"score":0.32350000739097595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75268714","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43478","display_name":"Natural selection","level":3,"score":0.32249999046325684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90032942","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q764759","display_name":"Directional selection","level":4,"score":0.3165000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68873052","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q349856","display_name":"Genetic variation","level":3,"score":0.3124000132083893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168601633","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1044484","display_name":"Evolutionary developmental biology","level":2,"score":0.30489999055862427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107673813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q812534","display_name":"Bayesian probability","level":2,"score":0.2883000075817108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180916674","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3711935","display_name":"Diversification (marketing strategy)","level":2,"score":0.28139999508857727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44527532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q722612","display_name":"Macroevolution","level":4,"score":0.2750999927520752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44465124","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q713623","display_name":"Clade","level":4,"score":0.27459999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C499950583","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183252","display_name":"Morphology (biology)","level":2,"score":0.273499995470047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988562018","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1063","display_name":"Biological evolution","level":2,"score":0.26739999651908875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68775705","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q903761","display_name":"Parallel evolution","level":4,"score":0.26089999079704285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779987252","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q635162","display_name":"Hominidae","level":3,"score":0.25699999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779594886","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159429","display_name":"Baboon","level":2,"score":0.2538999915122986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205555498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q505588","display_name":"CMA-ES","level":4,"score":0.25270000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85721925","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31151","display_name":"Population genetics","level":3,"score":0.2524000108242035}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.64898/2026.09.09.748908","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.09.09.748908","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.09.09.748908","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402567","display_name":"bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2750212522","host_organization_name":"Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2750212522"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"bioRxiv","raw_type":"posted-content"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.64898/2026.09.09.748908","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.09.09.748908","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.09.09.748908","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402567","display_name":"bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2750212522","host_organization_name":"Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2750212522"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"bioRxiv","raw_type":"posted-content"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":97,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1539529050","https://openalex.org/W1963703713","https://openalex.org/W1964279730","https://openalex.org/W1966206981","https://openalex.org/W1974880087","https://openalex.org/W1976622588","https://openalex.org/W1977718325","https://openalex.org/W1985938067","https://openalex.org/W1985949953","https://openalex.org/W1986361512","https://openalex.org/W1986781220","https://openalex.org/W1989876465","https://openalex.org/W1990084401","https://openalex.org/W1990512452","https://openalex.org/W1995261664","https://openalex.org/W1997273751","https://openalex.org/W1998875247","https://openalex.org/W2002652493","https://openalex.org/W2020217849","https://openalex.org/W2023214133","https://openalex.org/W2024522870","https://openalex.org/W2026419605","https://openalex.org/W2029069149","https://openalex.org/W2030380201","https://openalex.org/W2030993345","https://openalex.org/W2034411088","https://openalex.org/W2036528696","https://openalex.org/W2039221794","https://openalex.org/W2039520424","https://openalex.org/W2045200332","https://openalex.org/W2053974809","https://openalex.org/W2074649610","https://openalex.org/W2081550155","https://openalex.org/W2096850955","https://openalex.org/W2111960876","https://openalex.org/W2121719932","https://openalex.org/W2123257600","https://openalex.org/W2126626234","https://openalex.org/W2128366392","https://openalex.org/W2134212646","https://openalex.org/W2140277878","https://openalex.org/W2143428280","https://openalex.org/W2147856841","https://openalex.org/W2154518589","https://openalex.org/W2155356429","https://openalex.org/W2165724218","https://openalex.org/W2168686329","https://openalex.org/W2174009270","https://openalex.org/W2201545411","https://openalex.org/W2317353157","https://openalex.org/W2327122818","https://openalex.org/W2335219852","https://openalex.org/W2335268614","https://openalex.org/W2341461868","https://openalex.org/W2351540847","https://openalex.org/W2531235797","https://openalex.org/W2543128517","https://openalex.org/W2560698795","https://openalex.org/W2598389950","https://openalex.org/W2727293682","https://openalex.org/W2745012322","https://openalex.org/W2755126901","https://openalex.org/W2803786423","https://openalex.org/W2884735633","https://openalex.org/W2921427606","https://openalex.org/W2949648717","https://openalex.org/W2950264328","https://openalex.org/W2950853082","https://openalex.org/W2979694880","https://openalex.org/W3018778098","https://openalex.org/W3156708020","https://openalex.org/W3209039745","https://openalex.org/W4210732414","https://openalex.org/W4220855097","https://openalex.org/W4229801755","https://openalex.org/W4241088457","https://openalex.org/W4280534310","https://openalex.org/W4283730692","https://openalex.org/W4286716306","https://openalex.org/W4311762482","https://openalex.org/W4313332741","https://openalex.org/W4315621378","https://openalex.org/W4322729397","https://openalex.org/W4362692597","https://openalex.org/W4367626332","https://openalex.org/W4376613536","https://openalex.org/W4386332633","https://openalex.org/W4390042778","https://openalex.org/W4396780172","https://openalex.org/W4401732522","https://openalex.org/W4401983778","https://openalex.org/W4403647312","https://openalex.org/W4407235524","https://openalex.org/W4407792889","https://openalex.org/W4408101306","https://openalex.org/W7135075235","https://openalex.org/W7143739724"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3125665066","https://openalex.org/W2564916529","https://openalex.org/W2174009270","https://openalex.org/W2045200332","https://openalex.org/W2083035446","https://openalex.org/W6939859318","https://openalex.org/W4293088693","https://openalex.org/W2026419605","https://openalex.org/W4315621378","https://openalex.org/W2320454099"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Evolvability\u2014the":[1],"capacity":[2,126],"of":[3,15,121,132,152,161,210],"populations":[4],"to":[5,7,20,127,129],"respond":[6,128],"selection\u2014is":[8],"shaped":[9],"by":[10,50,58,75],"the":[11,22,136,159,172,187,208],"structure":[12,25,67,185],"and":[13,52,68,97,125,178,186],"amount":[14],"variation":[16,88],"transmitted":[17],"from":[18,171],"generation":[19],"generation.Whether":[21],"heritable":[23],"covariance":[24,66,100,184],"itself":[26],"remains":[27],"stable":[28,71],"or":[29],"evolves":[30],"rapidly":[31],"is":[32],"a":[33,77,106,199],"central,":[34],"yet":[35],"unresolved,":[36],"question":[37],"in":[38],"phenotypic":[39,99],"evolution.":[40],"Competing":[41],"hypotheses":[42],"suggest":[43,157],"that":[44,112,140,158,183],"trait":[45],"covariation":[46],"may":[47],"be":[48],"constrained":[49],"developmental":[51,176,205],"genetic":[53],"architectures":[54],"or,":[55],"alternatively,":[56],"reshaped":[57],"persistent":[59],"directional":[60],"selection.":[61,130,179],"Here,":[62],"we":[63],"test":[64],"whether":[65],"evolvability":[69,162],"are":[70],"over":[72,90,194],"macroevolutionary":[73],"timescales":[74],"applying":[76],"comparative":[78],"evolutionary":[79,166,188,196],"quantitative":[80],"genetics":[81],"framework":[82,201],"on":[83],"primates.":[84],"We":[85],"quantified":[86],"cranial":[87,153],"using":[89],"ten":[91],"thousand":[92],"specimens":[93],"representing":[94],"309":[95],"species":[96],"compared":[98],"matrices":[101],"for":[102,202],"57":[103],"genera":[104],"within":[105],"Bayesian":[107],"framework.":[108],"Our":[109,180],"results":[110,156],"show":[111,117],"despite":[113],"extensive":[114],"morphological":[115],"divergence,primates":[116],"remarkably":[118],"conserved":[119,175],"patterns":[120],"variation,":[122],"modular":[123],"organization,":[124],"Reconstruction":[131],"selection":[133,141],"gradients":[134],"across":[135],"primate":[137],"radiation":[138],"revealed":[139],"was":[142],"highly":[143],"structured,":[144],"with":[145,149],"preferential":[146],"directions":[147],"aligned":[148],"major":[150,211],"axes":[151],"variation.":[154],"These":[155],"stability":[160],"does":[163],"not":[164],"reflect":[165],"stasis,":[167],"but":[168],"rather":[169],"emerges":[170],"alignment":[173],"between":[174],"architecture":[177],"findings":[181],"demonstrate":[182],"potential":[189],"it":[190],"provides":[191],"can":[192],"persist":[193],"deep":[195],"timescales,":[197],"providing":[198],"mechanistic":[200],"understanding":[203],"how":[204],"systems":[206],"shape":[207],"trajectories":[209],"radiations.":[212]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2026-09-12T00:00:00"}
