{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7212219675","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/94h6n_v1","title":"A call for a mechanistic-neutral nomenclature replacing \u201cneuromelanin-sensitive\u201d imaging","display_name":"A call for a mechanistic-neutral nomenclature replacing \u201cneuromelanin-sensitive\u201d imaging","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-09-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7212219675","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/94h6n_v1"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.31234/osf.io/94h6n_v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/94h6n_v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/94h6n_v1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401687","display_name":"PsyArXiv (OSF Preprints)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2799848540","host_organization_name":"Center for Open Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799848540"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/94h6n_v1","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000291248","display_name":"Heidi I.L. Jacobs","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7620-3822","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7620-3822"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Heidi I. L. Jacobs","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7620-3822","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088532886","display_name":"Dorothea H\u00e4mmerer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2474-009X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2474-009X"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dorothea H\u00e4mmerer","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2474-009X","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048937263","display_name":"Mara Mather","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4331-6112","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4331-6112"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mara Mather","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4331-6112","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089922303","display_name":"Benedikt Andreas Poser","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8190-4367","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8190-4367"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Benedikt A Poser","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8190-4367","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025003387","display_name":"James Benedict Rowe","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7216-8679","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7216-8679"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"James Rowe","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7216-8679","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10378","display_name":"Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10378","display_name":"Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10085","display_name":"Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments","score":0.0010999999940395355,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Clinical Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11304","display_name":"Advanced Neuroimaging Techniques and Applications","score":0.0006000000284984708,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuromelanin-mri","display_name":"neuromelanin-sensitive MRI","score":0.9070000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuromelanin","display_name":"neuromelanin","score":0.824999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/locus-coeruleus","display_name":"locus coeruleus","score":0.9710000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/substantia-nigra","display_name":"substantia nigra","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neurodegenerative-diseases","display_name":"neurodegenerative diseases","score":0.7260000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mental-disorders","display_name":"mental illness","score":0.6019999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biomarkers","display_name":"biomarkers","score":0.6980000138282776}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43310041","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1981297","display_name":"Neuromelanin","level":5,"score":0.8788999915122986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778468602","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1470452","display_name":"Locus coeruleus","level":3,"score":0.7813000082969666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C547195049","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1725664","display_name":"Terminology","level":2,"score":0.777899980545044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780938664","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q753278","display_name":"Substantia nigra","level":4,"score":0.7538999915122986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.6208999752998352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.396699994802475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.3880000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188147891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q147638","display_name":"Cognitive science","level":1,"score":0.38199999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.3783999979496002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58693492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q551875","display_name":"Neuroimaging","level":2,"score":0.37059998512268066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776502983","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q690182","display_name":"Contrast (vision)","level":2,"score":0.3700000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.35370001196861267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66882249","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q169336","display_name":"Homogeneous","level":2,"score":0.3276999890804291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50231774","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q639842","display_name":"Brain mapping","level":2,"score":0.3027999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84597430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q106227","display_name":"Locus (genetics)","level":3,"score":0.29120001196861267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402","display_name":"Perception","level":2,"score":0.27149999141693115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61797465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1188986","display_name":"Term (time)","level":2,"score":0.26409998536109924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C514705636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q863247","display_name":"Nomenclature","level":3,"score":0.26109999418258667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777670902","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q492038","display_name":"Human brain","level":2,"score":0.25119999051094055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C527412718","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q855395","display_name":"Interpretation (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.25060001015663147}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.31234/osf.io/94h6n_v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/94h6n_v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/94h6n_v1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401687","display_name":"PsyArXiv (OSF Preprints)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2799848540","host_organization_name":"Center for Open Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799848540"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},{"id":"pmh:oai:share.osf.io:8cd6dac2-2ac3-4b8a-84af-63d3e2cd36fd","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://osf.io/94h6n","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401687","display_name":"PsyArXiv (OSF Preprints)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2799848540","host_organization_name":"Center for Open Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799848540"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.31234/osf.io/94h6n_v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/94h6n_v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/94h6n_v1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401687","display_name":"PsyArXiv (OSF Preprints)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2799848540","host_organization_name":"Center for Open Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799848540"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.5683000087738037}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4390261819","https://openalex.org/W2066912765","https://openalex.org/W4386453134","https://openalex.org/W3094510370","https://openalex.org/W4385076834","https://openalex.org/W2149584897","https://openalex.org/W2545133051","https://openalex.org/W2793850328","https://openalex.org/W2058514758","https://openalex.org/W7223178265"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"locus":[1,180],"coeruleus":[2,181],"(LC)":[3],"and":[4,17,23,34,68,105,129,134,146,165,176,182],"substantia":[5,183],"nigra":[6,184],"(SN)":[7],"have":[8],"attracted":[9],"attention":[10],"in":[11,21,31,179],"the":[12,32,48,73,101,110,132,140,159],"search":[13],"for":[14],"early":[15,45],"biomarkers":[16],"new":[18,170],"therapeutic":[19],"targets":[20],"neurodegenerative":[22],"psychiatric":[24],"diseases.":[25],"MRI":[26,49,65,90,115],"methods":[27],"that":[28,72,93,139,155],"provide":[29],"contrast":[30,75],"LC":[33],"SN":[35],"are":[36],"commonly":[37],"described":[38],"as":[39],"\u201cneuromelanin-sensitive.\u201d":[40],"This":[41,169],"terminology":[42,154],"originated":[43],"from":[44,64],"observations":[46],"linking":[47],"signal":[50,161],"topography":[51],"to":[52,80,122,126],"apparent":[53],"spatial":[54],"correspondence":[55],"with":[56,118,135,153],"pigmented":[57],"regions":[58],"at":[59],"autopsy.":[60],"However,":[61],"converging":[62],"evidence":[63],"physics,":[66],"modelling,":[67],"animal":[69],"studies":[70],"indicates":[71],"observed":[74],"cannot":[76],"be":[77,144],"attributed":[78],"specifically":[79],"neuromelanin.":[81],"Instead,":[82],"it":[83],"reflects":[84],"a":[85,149],"complex":[86],"interplay":[87],"of":[88,109],"different":[89],"physical":[91],"properties":[92,117],"can":[94],"yield":[95],"diverse":[96],"biological":[97,119,166],"interpretations":[98],"depending":[99],"on":[100],"context,":[102],"age,":[103],"region,":[104],"disease.":[106,136],"Continued":[107],"use":[108],"term":[111,141],"therefore":[112],"risks":[113],"conflating":[114],"measurement":[116],"interpretation,":[120],"leading":[121],"overattributing":[123],"MRI-signal":[124],"changes":[125],"neuromelanin":[127],"accumulation":[128],"loss":[130],"across":[131],"lifespan":[133],"We":[137],"argue":[138],"\u201cneuromelanin-sensitive\u201d":[142],"should":[143],"abandoned,":[145],"propose":[147],"instead":[148],"descriptive":[150],"reporting":[151],"framework":[152],"separates":[156],"acquisition":[157],"(\u201ctype\u201d),":[158],"visible":[160],"(\u201ccontrast\u201d),":[162],"quantification":[163],"(\u201cderivative\u201d),":[164],"interpretation":[167],"(\u201cinference\u201d).":[168],"approach":[171],"will":[172],"improve":[173],"interpretability,":[174],"comparability,":[175],"conceptual":[177],"rigor":[178],"research.":[185]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-09T13:22:03.289127","created_date":"2026-09-12T00:00:00"}