{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7212054121","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2609.05547","title":"A Network-Based Biomarker of Morphological Disruption Associated with Breast Cancer Malignancy","display_name":"A Network-Based Biomarker of Morphological Disruption Associated with Breast Cancer Malignancy","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-09-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7212054121","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2609.05547"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2609.05547","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.05547","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2609.05547","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["arxiv","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2609.05547","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5117597344","display_name":"Reza Bozorgpour","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-7792-6688","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0003-7792-6688"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43579087","display_name":"University of Wisconsin\u2013Milwaukee","ror":"https://ror.org/031q21x57","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43579087"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Bozorgpour, Reza","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Engineering and Applied Science , Department of Biomedical Engineering , University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee , Milwaukee , WI , USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Engineering and Applied Science , Department of Biomedical Engineering , University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee , Milwaukee , WI , USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43579087"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5117597344"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43579087"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10862","display_name":"AI in cancer detection","score":0.9922000169754028,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10862","display_name":"AI in cancer detection","score":0.9922000169754028,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12422","display_name":"Radiomics and Machine Learning in Medical Imaging","score":0.0035000001080334187,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11396","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare","score":0.0013000000035390258,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3605","display_name":"Health Information Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/breast-cancer","display_name":"breast cancer","score":0.9399999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nuclear-morphology","display_name":"nuclear morphology","score":0.753000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-based-biomarkers","display_name":"network-based biomarkers","score":0.7450000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/histopathology","display_name":"histopathology","score":0.6880000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/malignancy-classification","display_name":"malignancy classification","score":0.5580000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benign-versus-malignant-lesions","display_name":"benign versus malignant lesions","score":0.6909999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wisconsin-diagnostic-breast-cancer-dataset","display_name":"Wisconsin Breast Cancer dataset","score":0.7960000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/breakhis","display_name":"BreakHis","score":0.8870000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interpretable-classification","display_name":"interpretable classification","score":0.5070000290870667}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C530470458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128581","display_name":"Breast cancer","level":3,"score":0.7307000160217285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.666700005531311},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779399171","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1483951","display_name":"Malignancy","level":2,"score":0.6485000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C544855455","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1070952","display_name":"Histopathology","level":2,"score":0.5629000067710876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50965678","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2724302","display_name":"Abnormality","level":2,"score":0.5015000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781197716","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q864574","display_name":"Biomarker","level":2,"score":0.47049999237060547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143998085","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162555","display_name":"Oncology","level":1,"score":0.44510000944137573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.4377000033855438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.42989999055862427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121608353","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12078","display_name":"Cancer","level":2,"score":0.4097999930381775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72563966","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1303415","display_name":"Cohort","level":2,"score":0.40369999408721924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019822344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1541222","display_name":"Tumor grade","level":3,"score":0.3684999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.357699990272522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.34709998965263367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779880527","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4959796","display_name":"Breast disease","level":4,"score":0.33309999108314514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57742111","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7168","display_name":"Histology","level":2,"score":0.3093000054359436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184898388","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1435712","display_name":"Pairwise comparison","level":2,"score":0.3077000081539154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778001805","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189961","display_name":"Mammary gland","level":4,"score":0.29179999232292175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020109028","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9103","display_name":"Breast tissue","level":4,"score":0.2567000091075897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146357865","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1123245","display_name":"Stage (stratigraphy)","level":2,"score":0.250900000333786}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2609.05547","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.05547","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2609.05547","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2609.05547","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2609.05547","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2609.05547","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2609.05547","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.05547","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2609.05547","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8371999859809875,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7212054121.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7212054121.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":1,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W4409988818"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4411691978","https://openalex.org/W2112123223","https://openalex.org/W2183769238","https://openalex.org/W4300707268","https://openalex.org/W7163738505","https://openalex.org/W3038751139","https://openalex.org/W3014139616","https://openalex.org/W3021188120","https://openalex.org/W2994580748","https://openalex.org/W2460256184"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Breast":[0,41],"cancer":[1],"diagnosis":[2],"commonly":[3],"considers":[4],"individual":[5,148],"nuclear":[6,45],"morphological":[7,29,135,145],"characteristics,":[8],"whereas":[9],"their":[10],"joint":[11],"organization":[12],"is":[13],"less":[14],"frequently":[15],"evaluated.":[16],"We":[17],"developed":[18],"the":[19,38,117,133],"Morphological":[20],"Network":[21],"Disruption":[22],"Index":[23],"(MNDI),":[24],"a":[25,33],"patient-level":[26],"measure":[27],"of":[28,89,108,110],"abnormality":[30],"relative":[31],"to":[32],"benign":[34,76],"reference":[35],"state.":[36],"Using":[37],"Wisconsin":[39],"Diagnostic":[40],"Cancer":[42],"dataset,":[43],"ten":[44],"characteristics":[46],"were":[47],"represented":[48],"as":[49],"network":[50],"nodes,":[51],"with":[52,94],"MNDI":[53,74,85,137],"summarizing":[54],"disruption":[55],"across":[56],"45":[57],"pairwise":[58],"feature":[59,154],"configurations.":[60],"Performance":[61],"was":[62],"evaluated":[63],"using":[64,102],"repeated":[65],"stratified":[66],"five-fold":[67],"cross-validation.":[68],"Malignant":[69],"lesions":[70,77],"exhibited":[71],"substantially":[72],"higher":[73],"than":[75],"(mean:":[78],"3.454":[79],"vs.":[80],"1.165;":[81],"p":[82],"=":[83,125],"2.94e-69).":[84],"achieved":[86,105],"an":[87,106,139],"AUC":[88,107,109],"0.941":[90],"(95%":[91],"CI:":[92,128],"0.918-0.961),":[93],"85.9%":[95],"sensitivity":[96],"and":[97],"91.6%":[98],"specificity.":[99],"A":[100],"classifier":[101],"network-derived":[103],"descriptors":[104],"0.928":[111],"+/-":[112],"0.024.":[113],"Independent":[114],"evaluation":[115],"in":[116],"BreaKHis":[118],"histopathology":[119],"cohort":[120],"showed":[121],"limited":[122],"discrimination":[123],"(AUC":[124],"0.538,":[126],"95%":[127],"0.401-0.668),":[129],"indicating":[130],"dependence":[131],"on":[132],"underlying":[134],"representation.":[136],"provides":[138],"interpretable":[140],"framework":[141],"for":[142],"quantifying":[143],"patient-specific":[144],"disruption,":[146],"while":[147],"implementations":[149],"require":[150],"validation":[151],"within":[152],"compatible":[153],"spaces.":[155]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2026-09-10T00:00:00"}
