{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7212015152","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2620085123","title":"IID432, a parasite-selective topoisomerase II inhibitor, achieves rapid single-dose parasite clearance in a murine chronic Chagas model","display_name":"IID432, a parasite-selective topoisomerase II inhibitor, achieves rapid single-dose parasite clearance in a murine chronic Chagas model","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-09-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7212015152","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2620085123","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42715074","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/13578800"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1073/pnas.2620085123","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2620085123","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2620085123","pdf_url":"https://www.pnas.org/doi/pdf/10.1073/pnas.2620085123","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S125754415","display_name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","issn_l":"0027-8424","issn":["0027-8424","1091-6490"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320052","host_organization_name":"National Academy of Sciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320052"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["National Academy of Sciences"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://www.pnas.org/doi/pdf/10.1073/pnas.2620085123","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037478526","display_name":"Manuel Saldivia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6204-0460","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6204-0460"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283582996","display_name":"Novartis (Switzerland)","ror":"https://ror.org/02f9zrr09","country_code":"CH","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1283582996"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Manuel Saldivia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Global Health, Biomedical Research, Novartis"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6204-0460","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Global Health, Biomedical Research, Novartis","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283582996"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072103330","display_name":"Rajiv S. Jumani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1360-6004","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1360-6004"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283582996","display_name":"Novartis (Switzerland)","ror":"https://ror.org/02f9zrr09","country_code":"CH","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1283582996"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Rajiv S. Jumani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Global Health, Biomedical Research, Novartis"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1360-6004","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Global Health, Biomedical Research, Novartis","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283582996"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083370650","display_name":"Bryanna Thomas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4809-3969","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4809-3969"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283582996","display_name":"Novartis (Switzerland)","ror":"https://ror.org/02f9zrr09","country_code":"CH","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1283582996"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bryanna Thomas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Global Health, Biomedical Research, Novartis"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Global Health, Biomedical Research, Novartis","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283582996"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5122151347","display_name":"Grace M. Baxley","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4829-4815","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4829-4815"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283582996","display_name":"Novartis (Switzerland)","ror":"https://ror.org/02f9zrr09","country_code":"CH","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1283582996"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Grace M. Baxley","raw_affiliation_strings":["Global Health, Biomedical Research, Novartis"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4829-4815","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Global Health, Biomedical Research, Novartis","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283582996"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5151027090","display_name":"Jayant Sancheti","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283582996","display_name":"Novartis (Switzerland)","ror":"https://ror.org/02f9zrr09","country_code":"CH","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1283582996"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jayant Sancheti","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pharmacokinetic Sciences, Novartis Healthcare Private Limited"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pharmacokinetic Sciences, Novartis Healthcare Private Limited","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283582996"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065454423","display_name":"Domenico Bullara","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5547-0194","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5547-0194"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283582996","display_name":"Novartis (Switzerland)","ror":"https://ror.org/02f9zrr09","country_code":"CH","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1283582996"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Domenico Bullara","raw_affiliation_strings":["Modeling and Simulation, Biomedical Research, Novartis"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Modeling and Simulation, Biomedical Research, Novartis","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283582996"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063865852","display_name":"Jean-Ren\u00e9 Galarneau","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283582996","display_name":"Novartis (Switzerland)","ror":"https://ror.org/02f9zrr09","country_code":"CH","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1283582996"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jean-Rene Galarneau","raw_affiliation_strings":["Preclinical Safety, Biomedical Research, Novartis"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Preclinical Safety, Biomedical Research, Novartis","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283582996"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5150901173","display_name":"Harry Cheung","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283582996","display_name":"Novartis (Switzerland)","ror":"https://ror.org/02f9zrr09","country_code":"CH","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1283582996"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Harry Cheung","raw_affiliation_strings":["Global Health, Biomedical Research, Novartis"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Global Health, Biomedical Research, Novartis","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283582996"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059627035","display_name":"Yen\u2010Liang Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0121-5658","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0121-5658"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283582996","display_name":"Novartis (Switzerland)","ror":"https://ror.org/02f9zrr09","country_code":"CH","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1283582996"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yen-Liang Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Global Health, Biomedical Research, Novartis"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0121-5658","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Global Health, Biomedical Research, Novartis","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283582996"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5151086255","display_name":"Reginara Souza DeAsis","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283582996","display_name":"Novartis (Switzerland)","ror":"https://ror.org/02f9zrr09","country_code":"CH","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1283582996"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Reginara Souza DeAsis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Global Health, Biomedical Research, Novartis"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Global Health, Biomedical Research, Novartis","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283582996"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047289790","display_name":"Debjani Patra","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4343-4645","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4343-4645"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283582996","display_name":"Novartis (Switzerland)","ror":"https://ror.org/02f9zrr09","country_code":"CH","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1283582996"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Debjani Patra","raw_affiliation_strings":["Global Health, Biomedical Research, Novartis"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Global Health, Biomedical Research, Novartis","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283582996"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029696153","display_name":"Olivier Ren\u00e9","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-2239-4003","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0007-2239-4003"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283582996","display_name":"Novartis (Switzerland)","ror":"https://ror.org/02f9zrr09","country_code":"CH","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1283582996"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Olivier Ren\u00e9","raw_affiliation_strings":["Global Discovery Chemistry, Biomedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Global Discovery Chemistry, Biomedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283582996"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050872568","display_name":"J. Noeske","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8750-2008","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8750-2008"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283582996","display_name":"Novartis (Switzerland)","ror":"https://ror.org/02f9zrr09","country_code":"CH","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1283582996"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jonas Noeske","raw_affiliation_strings":["Molecular Discovery Science, Biomedical Research, Novartis"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8750-2008","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Molecular Discovery Science, Biomedical Research, Novartis","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283582996"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070994251","display_name":"Andreas D. Schenk","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9214-2505","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9214-2505"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283582996","display_name":"Novartis (Switzerland)","ror":"https://ror.org/02f9zrr09","country_code":"CH","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1283582996"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andreas D. Schenk","raw_affiliation_strings":["Protein Sciences, Biomedical Research, Novartis"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9214-2505","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Protein Sciences, Biomedical Research, Novartis","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283582996"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038264535","display_name":"Colin Deniston","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0204-0466","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0204-0466"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283582996","display_name":"Novartis (Switzerland)","ror":"https://ror.org/02f9zrr09","country_code":"CH","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1283582996"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Colin Deniston","raw_affiliation_strings":["Structural Biologics, Biomedical Research, Novartis"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Structural Biologics, Biomedical Research, Novartis","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283582996"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5151038454","display_name":"Samarth Thakore","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283582996","display_name":"Novartis (Switzerland)","ror":"https://ror.org/02f9zrr09","country_code":"CH","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1283582996"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Samarth Thakore","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pharmacokinetic Sciences, Novartis Healthcare Private Limited"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pharmacokinetic Sciences, Novartis Healthcare Private Limited","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283582996"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027175424","display_name":"Catherine A. Luu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-1738-5319","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0005-1738-5319"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283582996","display_name":"Novartis (Switzerland)","ror":"https://ror.org/02f9zrr09","country_code":"CH","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1283582996"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Catherine Luu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Molecular Discovery Science, Biomedical Research, Novartis"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-1738-5319","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Molecular Discovery Science, Biomedical Research, Novartis","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283582996"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078481930","display_name":"Charles A. Wartchow","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0123-1455","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0123-1455"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283582996","display_name":"Novartis (Switzerland)","ror":"https://ror.org/02f9zrr09","country_code":"CH","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1283582996"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Charles Wartchow","raw_affiliation_strings":["Molecular Discovery Science, Biomedical Research, Novartis"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Molecular Discovery Science, Biomedical Research, Novartis","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283582996"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081387473","display_name":"Dennis C. Koester","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2236-6372","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2236-6372"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283582996","display_name":"Novartis (Switzerland)","ror":"https://ror.org/02f9zrr09","country_code":"CH","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1283582996"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dennis C. Koester","raw_affiliation_strings":["Global Discovery Chemistry, Biomedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Global Discovery Chemistry, Biomedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283582996"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045345373","display_name":"Amanda Fortes Francisco","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3475-8130","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3475-8130"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210089966","display_name":"London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/00a0jsq62","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I4210089966"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amanda Fortes Francisco","raw_affiliation_strings":["London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3475-8130","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210089966"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035999664","display_name":"Johanne Blais","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8139-8855","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8139-8855"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283582996","display_name":"Novartis (Switzerland)","ror":"https://ror.org/02f9zrr09","country_code":"CH","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1283582996"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Johanne Blais","raw_affiliation_strings":["Global Health, Biomedical Research, Novartis"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8139-8855","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Global Health, Biomedical Research, Novartis","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283582996"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051985115","display_name":"Jan Ji\u0159i\u010dek","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283582996","display_name":"Novartis (Switzerland)","ror":"https://ror.org/02f9zrr09","country_code":"CH","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1283582996"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jan Jiricek","raw_affiliation_strings":["Global Discovery Chemistry, Biomedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Global Discovery Chemistry, Biomedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283582996"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047875895","display_name":"Scott A. Hollingsworth","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3294-0083","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3294-0083"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283582996","display_name":"Novartis (Switzerland)","ror":"https://ror.org/02f9zrr09","country_code":"CH","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1283582996"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Scott A. Hollingsworth","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computational Chemistry, Biomedical Research, Novartis"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computational Chemistry, Biomedical Research, Novartis","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283582996"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103419591","display_name":"Jonathan E. Gable","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283582996","display_name":"Novartis (Switzerland)","ror":"https://ror.org/02f9zrr09","country_code":"CH","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1283582996"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jonathan E. Gable","raw_affiliation_strings":["Global Health, Biomedical Research, Novartis"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Global Health, Biomedical Research, Novartis","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283582996"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069753335","display_name":"John M. Kelly","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4305-5258","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4305-5258"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283582996","display_name":"Novartis (Switzerland)","ror":"https://ror.org/02f9zrr09","country_code":"CH","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1283582996"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John M. Kelly","raw_affiliation_strings":["Structural Biologics, Biomedical Research, Novartis"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4305-5258","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Structural Biologics, Biomedical Research, Novartis","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283582996"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089170432","display_name":"Natasha S. Hochberg","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5449-9973","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5449-9973"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283582996","display_name":"Novartis (Switzerland)","ror":"https://ror.org/02f9zrr09","country_code":"CH","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1283582996"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Natasha Hochberg","raw_affiliation_strings":["Translational Medicine, Discovery and Profiling, Biomedical Research, Novartis"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Translational Medicine, Discovery and Profiling, Biomedical Research, Novartis","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283582996"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5151043753","display_name":"Charlie G. Knutson","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283582996","display_name":"Novartis (Switzerland)","ror":"https://ror.org/02f9zrr09","country_code":"CH","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1283582996"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Charlie G. Knutson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pharmacokinetic Sciences, Biomedical Research, Novartis"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pharmacokinetic Sciences, Biomedical Research, Novartis","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283582996"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027978440","display_name":"Suresh B. Lakshminarayana","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9133-3147","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9133-3147"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283582996","display_name":"Novartis (Switzerland)","ror":"https://ror.org/02f9zrr09","country_code":"CH","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1283582996"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Suresh B. Lakshminarayana","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pharmacokinetic Sciences, Biomedical Research, Novartis"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pharmacokinetic Sciences, Biomedical Research, Novartis","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283582996"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085288108","display_name":"Christopher R. Sarko","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0492-908X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0492-908X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283582996","display_name":"Novartis (Switzerland)","ror":"https://ror.org/02f9zrr09","country_code":"CH","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1283582996"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christopher Sarko","raw_affiliation_strings":["Global Discovery Chemistry, Biomedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Global Discovery Chemistry, Biomedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283582996"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031740302","display_name":"Ujjini H. Manjunatha","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7461-9303","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7461-9303"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283582996","display_name":"Novartis (Switzerland)","ror":"https://ror.org/02f9zrr09","country_code":"CH","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1283582996"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ujjini H. Manjunatha","raw_affiliation_strings":["Global Health, Biomedical Research, Novartis"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7461-9303","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Global Health, Biomedical Research, Novartis","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283582996"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077518344","display_name":"Colin S. Osborne","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5777-5427","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5777-5427"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283582996","display_name":"Novartis (Switzerland)","ror":"https://ror.org/02f9zrr09","country_code":"CH","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1283582996"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Colin S. Osborne","raw_affiliation_strings":["Global Health, Biomedical Research, Novartis"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Global Health, Biomedical Research, Novartis","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283582996"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039600726","display_name":"Thierry Tidiane Diagana","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8520-5683","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8520-5683"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283582996","display_name":"Novartis (Switzerland)","ror":"https://ror.org/02f9zrr09","country_code":"CH","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1283582996"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Thierry T. Diagana","raw_affiliation_strings":["Global Health, Biomedical Research, Novartis"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Global Health, Biomedical Research, Novartis","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283582996"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055334453","display_name":"Srinivasa P. S. Rao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7156-5725","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7156-5725"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283582996","display_name":"Novartis (Switzerland)","ror":"https://ror.org/02f9zrr09","country_code":"CH","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1283582996"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Srinivasa P. S. Rao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Global Health, Biomedical Research, Novartis"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7156-5725","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Global Health, Biomedical Research, Novartis","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283582996"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5037478526","https://openalex.org/A5039600726","https://openalex.org/A5055334453","https://openalex.org/A5072103330"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283582996"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"123","issue":"37","first_page":"e2620085123","last_page":"e2620085123"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10890","display_name":"Trypanosoma species research and implications","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10890","display_name":"Trypanosoma species research and implications","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11845","display_name":"Cancer therapeutics and mechanisms","score":0.0032999999821186066,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12356","display_name":"Bioactive Compounds and Antitumor Agents","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3005","display_name":"Toxicology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/30","display_name":"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chagas-disease","display_name":"Chagas disease","score":0.8650000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trypanosoma-cruzi","display_name":"Trypanosoma cruzi","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topoisomerase-ii-inhibitors","display_name":"topoisomerase II inhibitors","score":0.9459999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oral-pharmacokinetics","display_name":"oral pharmacokinetics","score":0.8090000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dna-damage","display_name":"DNA damage","score":0.6990000009536743}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112418997","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q649558","display_name":"Chagas disease","level":2,"score":0.9368000030517578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777625466","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q150162","display_name":"Trypanosoma cruzi","level":3,"score":0.8155999779701233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147897179","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q407828","display_name":"Topoisomerase","level":3,"score":0.6901000142097473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207001950","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141124","display_name":"In vivo","level":2,"score":0.6107000112533569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98274493","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128406","display_name":"Pharmacology","level":1,"score":0.5515000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202751555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221681","display_name":"In vitro","level":2,"score":0.4848000109195709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71928629","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q804206","display_name":"Parasite hosting","level":2,"score":0.4146000146865845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.4049000144004822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112705442","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q323936","display_name":"Pharmacokinetics","level":2,"score":0.35839998722076416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779201268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186474","display_name":"Cysteine","level":3,"score":0.33559998869895935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.32330000400543213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777530519","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q416206","display_name":"Pentamidine","level":3,"score":0.31940001249313354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.3179999887943268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.31369999051094055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180577832","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q127920","display_name":"Covalent bond","level":2,"score":0.28780001401901245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159047783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7215","display_name":"Virology","level":1,"score":0.28290000557899475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776684476","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7848571","display_name":"Trypanocidal agent","level":4,"score":0.27639999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C552990157","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7430","display_name":"DNA","level":2,"score":0.2727999985218048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29730261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q274160","display_name":"Toxicity","level":2,"score":0.25589999556541443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181389837","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q461809","display_name":"Bioavailability","level":2,"score":0.2551000118255615}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002908","descriptor_name":"Chronic Disease","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004195","descriptor_name":"Disease Models, Animal","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004250","descriptor_name":"DNA Topoisomerases, Type II","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014230","descriptor_name":"Triazoles","qualifier_ui":"Q000493","qualifier_name":"pharmacokinetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014230","descriptor_name":"Triazoles","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014230","descriptor_name":"Triazoles","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014349","descriptor_name":"Trypanosoma cruzi","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014349","descriptor_name":"Trypanosoma cruzi","qualifier_ui":"Q000201","qualifier_name":"enzymology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014355","descriptor_name":"Chagas Disease","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014355","descriptor_name":"Chagas Disease","qualifier_ui":"Q000469","qualifier_name":"parasitology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D051379","descriptor_name":"Mice","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D059005","descriptor_name":"Topoisomerase II Inhibitors","qualifier_ui":"Q000493","qualifier_name":"pharmacokinetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D059005","descriptor_name":"Topoisomerase II Inhibitors","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D059005","descriptor_name":"Topoisomerase II Inhibitors","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D059005","descriptor_name":"Topoisomerase II Inhibitors","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1073/pnas.2620085123","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2620085123","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2620085123","pdf_url":"https://www.pnas.org/doi/pdf/10.1073/pnas.2620085123","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S125754415","display_name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","issn_l":"0027-8424","issn":["0027-8424","1091-6490"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320052","host_organization_name":"National Academy of Sciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320052"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["National Academy of Sciences"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:13578800","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13578800/","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13578800/pdf/pnas.202620085.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:42715074","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42715074","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:researchonline.lshtm.ac.uk:4683118","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6204-0460>;","pdf_url":"https://researchonline.lshtm.ac.uk/id/eprint/4683118/1/Saldivia-etal-2026-iid432-a-parasite-selective-topoisomerase-ii-inhibitor-achieves-rapid-single-dose-parasite.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402527","display_name":"LSHTM Research Online (London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210089966","host_organization_name":"London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210089966"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1073/pnas.2620085123","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2620085123","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2620085123","pdf_url":"https://www.pnas.org/doi/pdf/10.1073/pnas.2620085123","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S125754415","display_name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","issn_l":"0027-8424","issn":["0027-8424","1091-6490"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320052","host_organization_name":"National Academy of Sciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320052"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["National Academy of Sciences"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.8371999859809875}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6276752539","display_name":"Innovative therapeutics for Chagas disease and Cryptosporidiosis","funder_award_id":"219639","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311904","funder_display_name":"Wellcome Trust"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311904","display_name":"Wellcome Trust","ror":"https://ror.org/029chgv08"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7212015152.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7212015152.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1902848540","https://openalex.org/W1978737769","https://openalex.org/W2134655561","https://openalex.org/W2171065311","https://openalex.org/W2478575915","https://openalex.org/W2991384797","https://openalex.org/W3041092585","https://openalex.org/W3146533948","https://openalex.org/W3203786945","https://openalex.org/W4205986298","https://openalex.org/W4294636634","https://openalex.org/W4311807558","https://openalex.org/W4382520308","https://openalex.org/W4385335079","https://openalex.org/W4389668744","https://openalex.org/W4390718657","https://openalex.org/W4400015827","https://openalex.org/W4402575057","https://openalex.org/W4412124412","https://openalex.org/W4414670593","https://openalex.org/W4415896959","https://openalex.org/W7118347842","https://openalex.org/W7171393554"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7118347842","https://openalex.org/W4382520308","https://openalex.org/W4384820507","https://openalex.org/W4389668744","https://openalex.org/W2265055429","https://openalex.org/W3165026855","https://openalex.org/W2162122425","https://openalex.org/W2414916920","https://openalex.org/W2898671194","https://openalex.org/W2226333557"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Chagas":[0,36],"disease":[1,5],"is":[2,70],"a":[3,71,82,87,106,155,162],"neglected":[4],"that":[6,77],"affects":[7],"millions":[8],"of":[9,49,90,131],"people":[10],"from":[11,20],"the":[12,41,65,98,114],"Latin":[13],"American":[14],"region.":[15],"Current":[16],"nitroheterocyclic":[17],"therapies":[18],"suffer":[19],"long":[21],"treatment":[22,26,167],"duration":[23,168],"and":[24,46,59,138,144],"safety-related":[25],"discontinuations.":[27],"A":[28],"safe,":[29],"short":[30],"course":[31],"therapy":[32],"would":[33],"significantly":[34,165],"benefit":[35],"patients.":[37],"Here,":[38],"we":[39],"report":[40],"comprehensive":[42],"biological,":[43],"structural,":[44],"pharmacodynamic,":[45],"pharmacokinetic":[47],"characterization":[48],"IID432,":[50],"an":[51],"optimized":[52],"cyanotriazole":[53],"with":[54,122,161],"superior":[55],"potency,":[56],"favorable":[57,119],"pharmacokinetics,":[58,121],"improved":[60],"safety":[61],"profile":[62],"compared":[63],"to":[64,164],"lead":[66],"compound":[67],"CT1.":[68],"IID432":[69,96,117,132,153],"fast-acting,":[72],"parasite-selective":[73,157],"topoisomerase":[74,159],"II":[75],"poison":[76,160],"achieves":[78],"sterile":[79],"cure":[80],"after":[81],"single":[83],"oral":[84,120],"dose":[85],"in":[86,142,145],"murine":[88],"model":[89],"chronic":[91],"Trypanosoma":[92],"cruzi":[93,171],"infection.":[94],"Mechanistically,":[95],"stabilizes":[97],"parasite":[99],"TcTopoII-DNA":[100],"cleavage":[101],"complex":[102],"by":[103],"covalently":[104],"engaging":[105],"parasite-specific":[107,135],"cysteine":[108],"(Cys477),":[109],"thereby":[110],"conferring":[111],"selectivity":[112],"over":[113],"human":[115,127],"TOP2A.":[116],"displays":[118],"no":[123],"off-target":[124],"activity":[125,141],"on":[126],"topoisomerases.":[128],"Brief":[129],"exposure":[130],"rapidly":[133],"induces":[134],"DNA":[136],"damage":[137],"produces":[139],"sterilizing":[140],"vitro":[143],"vivo":[146],"without":[147],"recrudescence.":[148],"Together,":[149],"these":[150],"findings":[151],"identify":[152],"as":[154],"first-in-class,":[156],"covalent":[158],"potential":[163],"shorten":[166],"for":[169],"T.":[170],"infections.":[172]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-11T12:16:26.678958","created_date":"2026-09-10T00:00:00"}
