{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7211896017","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-10796903/v1","title":"Toxic Climate and Staff Exodus: A Case Study of High Turnover in a Predominantly African-American College Preparatory School","display_name":"Toxic Climate and Staff Exodus: A Case Study of High Turnover in a Predominantly African-American College Preparatory School","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-09-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7211896017","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-10796903/v1"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-10796903/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-10796903/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-10796903/v1","pdf_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-10796903/latest.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525896","display_name":"Research Square","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research Square","raw_type":"posted-content"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-10796903/latest.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003693045","display_name":"Sheldon D.A. Sucre","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5930-2600","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5930-2600"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186555701","display_name":"New York City Department of Education","ror":"https://ror.org/01wx3gr42","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186555701"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sheldon Sucre","raw_affiliation_strings":["New York City Department of Education"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"New York City Department of Education","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186555701"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5003693045"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186555701"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13884","display_name":"Educational Leadership and Practices","score":0.7157999873161316,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13884","display_name":"Educational Leadership and Practices","score":0.7157999873161316,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12952","display_name":"School Leadership and Teacher Performance","score":0.2345999926328659,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10008","display_name":"Teacher Education and Leadership Studies","score":0.01549999974668026,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/toxic-leadership","display_name":"toxic leadership","score":0.6110000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/employee-turnover","display_name":"employee turnover","score":0.7940000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/teacher-retention","display_name":"teacher retention","score":0.8679999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/predominantly-black-institutions","display_name":"predominantly Black institutions","score":0.8069999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/organizational-climate","display_name":"organizational climate","score":0.7480000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychological-safety","display_name":"psychological safety","score":0.8809999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/racial-identity","display_name":"racial identity","score":0.6209999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/school-leadership","display_name":"school leadership","score":0.5230000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/college-preparatory-schools","display_name":"college preparatory schools","score":0.7269999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/organizational-culture","display_name":"organizational culture","score":0.37700000405311584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-schools","display_name":"urban schools","score":0.5479999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leadership-accountability","display_name":"leadership accountability","score":0.574999988079071}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164850336","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3685487","display_name":"Interpersonal communication","level":2,"score":0.586899995803833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185654502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q831922","display_name":"Organisation climate","level":2,"score":0.5817000269889832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780553607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q684868","display_name":"Attrition","level":2,"score":0.5160999894142151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.44510000944137573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111366508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5341291","display_name":"Educational leadership","level":2,"score":0.4359999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91034043","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q223642","display_name":"Interpersonal relationship","level":2,"score":0.3878999948501587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.3573000133037567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779545206","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7140437","display_name":"Participative decision-making","level":2,"score":0.3560999929904938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120912362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q136822","display_name":"Higher education","level":2,"score":0.33489999175071716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.33469998836517334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778456998","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25339345","display_name":"Instructional leadership","level":3,"score":0.33059999346733093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.3303999900817871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778355321","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17079427","display_name":"Identity (music)","level":2,"score":0.33000001311302185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67674302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q730573","display_name":"Organizational culture","level":2,"score":0.3255999982357025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.3149000108242035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C509550671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126945","display_name":"Medical education","level":1,"score":0.3107999861240387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51067260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q828812","display_name":"Professional development","level":2,"score":0.29899999499320984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778173179","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25339289","display_name":"Attendance","level":2,"score":0.29829999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80245801","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1477475","display_name":"Semi-structured interview","level":3,"score":0.2892000079154968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144559511","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2986279","display_name":"Principal (computer security)","level":2,"score":0.289000004529953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992814624","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q817393","display_name":"Black male","level":2,"score":0.2842000126838684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778058428","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1751358","display_name":"Collegiality","level":2,"score":0.27459999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017995491","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19483216","display_name":"Organizational change","level":2,"score":0.2705000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781460075","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1399332","display_name":"Compliance (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.26420000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116314809","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1937189","display_name":"Organizational communication","level":2,"score":0.2630000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019970356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5428874","display_name":"Teaching staff","level":2,"score":0.2581999897956848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778931283","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30324730","display_name":"School climate","level":2,"score":0.2547000050544739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26077564","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1910318","display_name":"Turnover","level":2,"score":0.25099998712539673}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-10796903/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-10796903/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-10796903/v1","pdf_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-10796903/latest.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525896","display_name":"Research Square","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research Square","raw_type":"posted-content"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-10796903/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-10796903/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-10796903/v1","pdf_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-10796903/latest.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525896","display_name":"Research Square","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research Square","raw_type":"posted-content"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.8974000215530396,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"},{"display_name":"Quality education","score":0.7567999958992004,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"},{"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","score":0.47620001435279846,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7211896017.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7211896017.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2038829474","https://openalex.org/W2135469880","https://openalex.org/W2156435103","https://openalex.org/W2218263233","https://openalex.org/W2352498732","https://openalex.org/W2939613111","https://openalex.org/W3128735658","https://openalex.org/W3171077037","https://openalex.org/W4391427777","https://openalex.org/W4406088835","https://openalex.org/W4409781159","https://openalex.org/W7154512088"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2802021360","https://openalex.org/W2352498732","https://openalex.org/W4406088835","https://openalex.org/W7001848740","https://openalex.org/W81993816","https://openalex.org/W7221373421","https://openalex.org/W3130067221","https://openalex.org/W7019154936","https://openalex.org/W7138260418","https://openalex.org/W4200497483"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"This":[1,156],"case":[2,157],"study":[3,68],"examines":[4],"the":[5,36,45,67,91,113,124],"rigid":[6],"attrition":[7],"of":[8,51,115,170],"10":[9],"staff":[10,57,163],"members":[11],"within":[12],"a":[13,18,26,48],"single":[14],"academic":[15],"year":[16],"at":[17],"predominantly":[19,144],"Black":[20,27,33,145],"college":[21,130],"preparatory":[22,131],"school":[23,46],"led":[24],"by":[25,32],"principal":[28],"and":[29,42,63,75,85,98,123,152,167],"largely":[30],"staffed":[31],"educators.":[34],"Despite":[35],"demographic":[37,104],"alignment":[38],"between":[39,94],"leadership,":[40],"faculty,":[41],"student":[43],"population,":[44],"experienced":[47],"pervasive":[49],"sense":[50],"toxicity":[52,117],"that":[53,103],"contributed":[54],"to":[55,127,159],"significant":[56],"departures.":[58],"Drawing":[59],"on":[60,148,162],"organizational":[61,99,172],"climate":[62],"toxic":[64,171],"leadership":[65,76,165],"frameworks,":[66],"explores":[69],"how":[70],"interpersonal":[71],"dynamics,":[72],"communication":[73],"patterns,":[74],"practices":[77],"fostered":[78],"an":[79],"environment":[80],"perceived":[81],"as":[82],"psychologically":[83],"unsafe":[84],"professionally":[86],"demoralizing.":[87],"The":[88,133],"analysis":[89],"highlights":[90],"complex":[92],"interplay":[93],"shared":[95],"racial":[96],"identity":[97],"culture,":[100],"challenging":[101],"assumptions":[102],"congruence":[105],"alone":[106],"ensures":[107],"healthy":[108],"workplace":[109],"conditions.":[110],"Findings":[111],"underscore":[112],"consequences":[114],"unresolved":[116],"for":[118,137],"Teacher":[119],"retention,":[120,164],"institutional":[121],"stability,":[122],"school\u2019s":[125],"capacity":[126],"fulfill":[128],"its":[129],"mission.":[132],"findings":[134],"offer":[135],"implications":[136],"educational":[138,176],"leaders,":[139],"particularly":[140],"those":[141],"serving":[142],"in":[143,174],"institutions":[146],"(PBI),":[147],"cultivating":[149],"inclusive,":[150],"affirming,":[151],"sustainable":[153],"professional":[154],"climates.":[155],"contributes":[158],"broader":[160],"conversations":[161],"accountability,":[166],"hidden":[168],"costs":[169],"environments":[173],"urban":[175],"settings.":[177]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-09T13:22:03.289127","created_date":"2026-09-08T00:00:00"}