{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7211876401","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22639968","title":"Digital Twins in stroke and spreading depression","display_name":"Digital Twins in stroke and spreading depression","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-09-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7211876401","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22639968"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.22639968","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22639968","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22639968","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"ConferencePaper"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-paper","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22639968","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5150706020","display_name":"Jung Lee","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181697535","display_name":"SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University","ror":"https://ror.org/0041qmd21","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181697535"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lee, Jung","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181697535"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042774654","display_name":"Adam J. H. Newton","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4726-2644","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4726-2644"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181697535","display_name":"SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University","ror":"https://ror.org/0041qmd21","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181697535"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32971472","display_name":"Yale University","ror":"https://ror.org/03v76x132","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Newton, Adam J.H.","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY.; Yale University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY.; Yale University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181697535","https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025235631","display_name":"Robert A. McDougal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6394-3127","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6394-3127"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32971472","display_name":"Yale University","ror":"https://ror.org/03v76x132","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"McDougal, Robert A","raw_affiliation_strings":["Yale University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Yale University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32971472"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5150596686","display_name":"June Jung","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181697535","display_name":"SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University","ror":"https://ror.org/0041qmd21","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181697535"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jung, June","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181697535"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041150403","display_name":"Gunnar Cedersund","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9386-0568","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9386-0568"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102134673","display_name":"Link\u00f6ping University","ror":"https://ror.org/05ynxx418","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102134673"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cedersund, Gunnar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Linkoping University, Linkoping Sweden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Linkoping University, Linkoping Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102134673"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082122443","display_name":"William W. Lytton","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3727-2849","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3727-2849"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181697535","display_name":"SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University","ror":"https://ror.org/0041qmd21","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181697535"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210117211","display_name":"Kings County Hospital Center","ror":"https://ror.org/02emy8e21","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1283621791","https://openalex.org/I4210117211"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lytton, William W.","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY.; Department of Neurology, Kings County Hospital Center, Brooklyn, New York.; Department of Neurology, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, New York"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY.; Department of Neurology, Kings County Hospital Center, Brooklyn, New York.; Department of Neurology, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, New York","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181697535","https://openalex.org/I4210117211"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.64679245,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10227","display_name":"Acute Ischemic Stroke Management","score":0.5386000275611877,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Clinical Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10227","display_name":"Acute Ischemic Stroke Management","score":0.5386000275611877,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Clinical Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11636","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education","score":0.1348000019788742,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2718","display_name":"Health Informatics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11396","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare","score":0.08070000261068344,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3605","display_name":"Health Information Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-twin","display_name":"digital twin","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stroke","display_name":"stroke","score":0.9649999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cortical-spreading-depression","display_name":"cortical spreading depression","score":0.9570000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multiscale-modeling","display_name":"multiscale modeling","score":0.7889999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/large-language-models","display_name":"large language models","score":0.9430000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cerebral-ischemia","display_name":"cerebral ischemia","score":0.6669999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spreading-depolarization","display_name":"spreading depolarization","score":0.8889999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reaction-diffusion-systems","display_name":"reaction-diffusion systems","score":0.7450000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrophysiology","display_name":"electrophysiology","score":0.9020000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-assimilation","display_name":"data assimilation","score":0.7379999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/personalized-medicine","display_name":"personalized medicine","score":0.6520000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stroke-prediction","display_name":"stroke risk prediction","score":0.4440000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hypoxia","display_name":"hypoxia","score":0.6380000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/capillary-density","display_name":"capillary density","score":0.6050000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-health-records","display_name":"electronic health records","score":0.6159999966621399}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122356138","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q461576","display_name":"Cortical spreading depression","level":3,"score":0.6065000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780645631","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q671554","display_name":"Stroke (engine)","level":2,"score":0.5073999762535095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.4803999960422516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.4772999882698059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4141045","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83183","display_name":"Depolarization","level":2,"score":0.4300999939441681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992477034","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83042","display_name":"Clinical neurology","level":2,"score":0.42969998717308044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16568411","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83042","display_name":"Neurology","level":2,"score":0.3815000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3612000048160553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776867660","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1814941","display_name":"Depression (economics)","level":2,"score":0.35929998755455017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020199598","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12202","display_name":"Ischemic stroke","level":3,"score":0.3474000096321106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.3334999978542328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.32359999418258667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163763905","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17075943","display_name":"Precision medicine","level":2,"score":0.3125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.3109000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99508421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2678675","display_name":"Physical medicine and rehabilitation","level":1,"score":0.304500013589859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24552861","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2670177","display_name":"Data assimilation","level":2,"score":0.3041999936103821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C551621295","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182228","display_name":"Brainstem","level":2,"score":0.302700012922287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118403218","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43283","display_name":"Biological neural network","level":2,"score":0.2985000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779974597","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28448986","display_name":"Clinical Practice","level":2,"score":0.29840001463890076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164705383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10379","display_name":"Cardiology","level":1,"score":0.29120001196861267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776836400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31087","display_name":"Calculator","level":2,"score":0.28119999170303345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2786000072956085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79840881","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1080497","display_name":"Lateralization of brain function","level":2,"score":0.2687999904155731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183003079","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1000371","display_name":"Personalization","level":2,"score":0.26649999618530273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.25929999351501465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27415008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7256382","display_name":"Psychological intervention","level":2,"score":0.2556000053882599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776318716","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22677801","display_name":"Neuroglobin","level":4,"score":0.25519999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152478114","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660910","display_name":"Neurophysiology","level":2,"score":0.25270000100135803}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.22639968","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22639968","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22639968","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"ConferencePaper"},{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.22639969","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22639969","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22639969","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"ConferencePaper"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.22639968","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22639968","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22639968","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"ConferencePaper"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9391000270843506}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4400134982","https://openalex.org/W7160432758","https://openalex.org/W7148470113","https://openalex.org/W4220831785","https://openalex.org/W7135194460","https://openalex.org/W3159064895","https://openalex.org/W7160518486","https://openalex.org/W7204270397","https://openalex.org/W3172586930","https://openalex.org/W4403935661"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Introduction":[0],"Multiscale":[1],"modeling":[2],"(MSM)":[3],"permits":[4],"us":[5],"to":[6,26,30,83,87,102,115,147,233,272,280],"better":[7],"understand":[8],"how":[9],"ischemia":[10,290],"and":[11,43,46,57,70,95,107,119,129,134,144,173,221,226,250,268,284,286,304],"spreading":[12,192],"depolarization":[13],"(SD)":[14],"together":[15],"damage":[16],"neurons.":[17],"However,":[18],"it":[19],"is":[20,291],"a":[21,292],"long":[22],"step":[23],"from":[24,41,53],"there":[25],"producing":[27],"clinical":[28,39,48,287,302],"tools":[29,36],"counter":[31],"or":[32,75,181],"prevent":[33],"stroke.":[34],"Such":[35],"must":[37,58],"include":[38,127],"data":[40],"neurology":[42],"cardiology,":[44],"endocrinology":[45],"other":[47,54],"specialties,":[49],"as":[50,52],"well":[51],"biomedical":[55],"sciences,":[56],"engage":[59],"with":[60,71,97,104,108,117,123,196,259,277],"body":[61],"sensors":[62],"(data":[63],"integrators":[64],"-DIs":[65],"-for":[66],"sensor":[67],"information":[68,155],"consolidation)":[69],"the":[72,105],"patient":[73,106,154],"him":[74],"herself.":[76],"We":[77,111],"are":[78],"developing":[79],"digital":[80],"twins":[81],"(DTs)":[82],"incorporate":[84,93],"these":[85],"elements":[86],"extend":[88],"personalized":[89],"care.":[90],"DTs":[91],"will":[92],"MSMs":[94,125,202],"DIs":[96],"large":[98,263],"language":[99],"models":[100,258],"(LLMs)":[101],"communicate":[103],"clinicians.":[109],"Methods":[110],"have":[112],"developed":[113],"LLM":[114,141],"interact":[116],"patients":[118],"now":[120],"combine":[121],"them":[122],"our":[124],"that":[126],"neural":[128],"vascular":[130],"elements.":[131],"MSM":[132,256],"simulates":[133],"constrains":[135],"detailed":[136,257,301],"reaction-diffusion,":[137],"electrophysiology,":[138],"circuit":[139],"models.":[140],"correlates":[142,303],"literature":[143],"simulation":[145,149],"details":[146],"identify":[148],"boundaries.":[150],"Results":[151],"LLMs":[152,260],"structured":[153,273],"by":[156,316],"free-form":[157],"interviewing.":[158],"3":[159],"trials/46":[160],"cases;":[161],"GPT-4;":[162],"1e5":[163],"tokens/min":[164],"showed":[165,190,203],"consistent":[166],"results":[167],"for":[168,178],"hemisphere":[169],"stroke":[170,183],"(F1":[171],"0.9)":[172],"cord":[174],"(0.94)":[175],"strokes,":[176],"worse":[177],"brainstem":[179],"(0.8)":[180],"cerebellar":[182],"(0.37)":[184],"Using":[185],"MSM,":[186],"tissue":[187],"scale":[188],"simulations":[189],"interpretable":[191],"depression":[193],"signature,":[194],"worsening":[195],"degree":[197],"of":[198,255],"hypoxia.":[199],"Our":[200],"reaction--diffusion--electrophysiology":[201],"changes":[204],"in":[205],"altered":[206],"activation":[207],"network":[208],"dynamics.":[209],"Data":[210],"assimilation":[211],"was":[212],"implemented":[213],"using":[214],"\"functional":[215],"avatar\"":[216],"principles,":[217],"including":[218],"MRI-derived":[219],"structural":[220],"diffusion":[222],"features,":[223],"perfusion":[224],"proxies":[225],"oxygenation-related":[227],"signals,":[228],"electrophysiology":[229],"signatures,":[230],"pathology/autopsy":[231],"findings":[232],"provide":[234],"approximate":[235],"capillary":[236],"densities.":[237],"Discussion":[238],"DT":[239],"medical":[240,265],"personalization":[241],"can":[242],"help":[243],"distinguish":[244],"multiscale":[245],"parameters,":[246],"enabling":[247],"patient-specific":[248],"predictions":[249],"suggest":[251],"therapy":[252],"testing.":[253],"Pairing":[254],"allows":[261],"ingesting":[262],"electronic":[264],"record":[266],"(EMR)":[267],"archival":[269],"research":[270],"text":[271],"knowledge,":[274],"further":[275],"augmented":[276],"DI":[278],"access":[279],"personal":[281],"(digital":[282],"watch":[283],"monitors)":[285],"tools.":[288],"Brain":[289],"bridge":[293],"disease":[294],"since":[295],"mutli-organ":[296],"(cardiac,":[297],"brain,":[298],"vessel,":[299],"lung);":[300],"preventive":[305],"strategies.":[306],"microscale;":[307],"multi-physics;":[308],"multi-specialty:":[309],"neurology,":[310],"vascular,":[311],"cardiac,":[312],"endocrine.":[313],"Acknowledgments":[314],"Supported":[315],"NIH":[317],"R01MH086638":[318]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-28T10:33:24.094632","created_date":"2026-09-08T00:00:00"}
