{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7210279338","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/k4h2j_v1","title":"Analyzing Perceived Causal Networks with PECAN2: A Practical R Tutorial","display_name":"Analyzing Perceived Causal Networks with PECAN2: A Practical R Tutorial","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-09-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7210279338","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/k4h2j_v1"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.31234/osf.io/k4h2j_v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/k4h2j_v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/k4h2j_v1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401687","display_name":"PsyArXiv (OSF Preprints)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2799848540","host_organization_name":"Center for Open Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799848540"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/k4h2j_v1","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029297584","display_name":"Julian Reichert","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Julian Reichert","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029709371","display_name":"Jonas Tesarz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3268-7778","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3268-7778"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jonas Tesarz","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3268-7778","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084582299","display_name":"Sven Schulz-Niethammer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2723-1998","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2723-1998"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sven Schulz-Niethammer","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035389827","display_name":"Lars Klintwall","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4931-6033","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4931-6033"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lars Klintwall","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4931-6033","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033072646","display_name":"Felix Vogel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5174-274X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5174-274X"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Felix Vogel","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5174-274X","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13283","display_name":"Mental Health Research Topics","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13283","display_name":"Mental Health Research Topics","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10467","display_name":"Psychometric Methodologies and Testing","score":0.0017999999690800905,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10084","display_name":"Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitation","score":0.0013000000035390258,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3612","display_name":"Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/causal-relationship","display_name":"causal relationship","score":0.37400001287460327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-centrality","display_name":"network centrality","score":0.6880000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-visualization","display_name":"network visualization","score":0.6899999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/composite-index","display_name":"composite index","score":0.550000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-back-pain","display_name":"low back pain","score":0.7689999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/case-formulation","display_name":"case formulation","score":0.7990000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/individualized-assessment","display_name":"individualized assessment","score":0.7760000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/r-package","display_name":"R package","score":0.5860000252723694}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177212765","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q627335","display_name":"Workflow","level":2,"score":0.7271999716758728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53811970","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5062194","display_name":"Centrality","level":2,"score":0.676800012588501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6083999872207642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.5327000021934509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984074130","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q73539779","display_name":"R package","level":2,"score":0.461899995803833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62611344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062658","display_name":"Node (physics)","level":2,"score":0.42820000648498535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39896193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380344","display_name":"Descriptive statistics","level":2,"score":0.4268999993801117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5274069","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2285707","display_name":"Categorical variable","level":2,"score":0.4207000136375427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11671645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5054567","display_name":"Causal model","level":2,"score":0.4169999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3725999891757965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.37209999561309814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.35199999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119043178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q320723","display_name":"Covariate","level":2,"score":0.3481000065803528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.34459999203681946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158600405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5054566","display_name":"Causal inference","level":2,"score":0.34439998865127563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64357122","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1149766","display_name":"Causality (physics)","level":2,"score":0.32899999618530273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.32749998569488525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402","display_name":"Perception","level":2,"score":0.32100000977516174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155846161","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1143367","display_name":"Graphical model","level":2,"score":0.3077000081539154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020672099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q857354","display_name":"Longitudinal data","level":2,"score":0.290800005197525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.2856999933719635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97256817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1462316","display_name":"Spurious relationship","level":2,"score":0.27649998664855957}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.31234/osf.io/k4h2j_v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/k4h2j_v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/k4h2j_v1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401687","display_name":"PsyArXiv (OSF Preprints)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2799848540","host_organization_name":"Center for Open Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799848540"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},{"id":"pmh:oai:share.osf.io:4db5c9fe-565a-439a-81c2-4f8757a6938a","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://osf.io/k4h2j","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401687","display_name":"PsyArXiv (OSF Preprints)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2799848540","host_organization_name":"Center for Open Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799848540"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.31234/osf.io/k4h2j_v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/k4h2j_v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/k4h2j_v1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401687","display_name":"PsyArXiv (OSF Preprints)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2799848540","host_organization_name":"Center for Open Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799848540"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.7246000170707703}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7211921044","https://openalex.org/W7160874451","https://openalex.org/W4389568586","https://openalex.org/W7147504123","https://openalex.org/W985190981","https://openalex.org/W173805372","https://openalex.org/W7057830759","https://openalex.org/W7165366246","https://openalex.org/W7099838214","https://openalex.org/W3035916164"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Perceived":[0],"Causal":[1],"Networks":[2],"(PECANs)":[3],"provide":[4],"a":[5,36,55,63,80,106,118,129,226],"structured":[6],"representation":[7],"of":[8,165],"how":[9,128,155,206],"individuals":[10,72],"perceive":[11],"causal":[12,169,238],"relations":[13,170],"among":[14],"their":[15,172],"problems":[16,166],"or":[17,39],"psychological":[18],"processes.":[19],"PECAN":[20,34,68,85,131],"assessments":[21,50,69,116],"can":[22,73,132,158,209],"be":[23,52,74,133,159,210],"used":[24],"in":[25,244],"different":[26,200],"designs.":[27],"A":[28],"single":[29,37,67,130],"individual":[30],"may":[31],"complete":[32,40],"one":[33],"at":[35],"timepoint":[38],"PECANs":[41,157],"repeatedly,":[42],"for":[43,109,229],"example":[44],"once":[45],"per":[46],"day,":[47],"allowing":[48],"the":[49,59,163,178],"to":[51,76],"aggregated":[53,75,160,207],"into":[54],"longitudinal":[56],"(L-)PECAN":[57],"summarizing":[58],"perceived":[60,168,237],"network":[61,239],"over":[62],"defined":[64],"period.":[65],"Alternatively,":[66],"from":[70,117,135,171,187],"multiple":[71],"describe":[77,216],"patterns":[78],"across":[79,183],"patient":[81,120],"population.":[82],"Working":[83],"with":[84,121,241],"data":[86,90,143],"requires":[87],"decisions":[88],"about":[89],"representation,":[91],"visualization,":[92],"descriptive":[93,149],"analysis,":[94],"and":[95,141,146,167,215,222,233,247],"aggregation.":[96],"This":[97],"tutorial":[98],"introduces":[99],"PECAN2,":[100],"an":[101],"R":[102],"package":[103],"that":[104],"provides":[105,225],"reproducible":[107,227],"workflow":[108,179,228],"these":[110],"tasks.":[111],"Using":[112],"14":[113],"daily":[114],"L-PECAN":[115],"hypothetical":[119],"primary":[122],"low":[123],"back":[124],"pain,":[125],"we":[126],"demonstrate":[127,205],"extracted":[134],"assessment":[136,185,246],"data,":[137,240],"represented":[138],"as":[139],"node":[140],"directed-edge":[142],"frames,":[144],"visualized,":[145],"summarized":[147],"using":[148],"centrality":[150],"measures.":[151],"We":[152,203],"then":[153],"show":[154],"repeated":[156],"while":[161],"distinguishing":[162],"occurrence":[164,182,188,221],"magnitude":[173],"when":[174],"reported.":[175],"For":[176],"edges,":[177],"additionally":[180],"distinguishes":[181],"all":[184],"occasions":[186],"conditional":[189],"on":[190],"both":[191],"participating":[192],"nodes":[193],"being":[194],"present.":[195],"These":[196],"alternative":[197],"denominators":[198],"address":[199],"substantive":[201],"questions.":[202],"further":[204],"statistics":[208],"mapped":[211],"onto":[212],"graphical":[213],"properties":[214],"optional":[217],"composite":[218],"indices":[219],"combining":[220],"magnitude.":[223],"PECAN2":[224],"processing,":[230],"visualizing,":[231],"aggregating,":[232],"descriptively":[234],"analyzing":[235],"person-specific":[236],"potential":[242],"applications":[243],"individualized":[245],"case":[248],"conceptualization.":[249]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-09T13:22:03.289127","created_date":"2026-09-07T00:00:00"}
