{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7208830514","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.array.2026.101213","title":"Thinking in transit: integrating LLMs and multi-agent systems for agile port-centred container logistics","display_name":"Thinking in transit: integrating LLMs and multi-agent systems for agile port-centred container logistics","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7208830514","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.array.2026.101213"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.array.2026.101213","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.array.2026.101213","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.array.2026.101213","pdf_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590005626005369/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210194039","display_name":"Array","issn_l":"2590-0056","issn":["2590-0056"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-40"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Array","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590005626005369/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079690895","display_name":"Eias Al Humdan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7812-065X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7812-065X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405259498","display_name":"Rabdan Academy","ror":"https://ror.org/02ap92826","country_code":"AE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405259498"]}],"countries":["AE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Eias Al Humdan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Rabdan Academy, UNITED ARAB EMIRATES"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7812-065X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rabdan Academy, UNITED ARAB EMIRATES","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405259498"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5079690895"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405259498"],"apc_list":{"value":1680,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1680},"apc_paid":{"value":1680,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1680},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"31","issue":null,"first_page":"101213","last_page":"101213"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11223","display_name":"Maritime Ports and Logistics","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11223","display_name":"Maritime Ports and Logistics","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12984","display_name":"Transport and Logistics Innovations","score":0.0012000000569969416,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10456","display_name":"Multi-Agent Systems and Negotiation","score":0.0006000000284984708,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/large-language-models","display_name":"large language models","score":0.9929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multi-agent-systems","display_name":"multi-agent systems","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/container-logistics","display_name":"container logistics","score":0.7580000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/port-operations","display_name":"port operations","score":0.7979999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multimodal-transport","display_name":"multimodal transport","score":0.6620000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-twin","display_name":"digital twin","score":0.8220000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/traffic-disruption","display_name":"traffic disruption","score":0.6380000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semantic-interpretation","display_name":"semantic interpretation","score":0.5619999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decentralized-coordination","display_name":"distributed coordination","score":0.7129999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/delivery-performance","display_name":"delivery performance","score":0.5950000286102295}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781018962","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5164884","display_name":"Container (type theory)","level":2,"score":0.6455000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14185376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30232","display_name":"Agile software development","level":2,"score":0.5602999925613403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.43220001459121704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.37779998779296875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780615885","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4692546","display_name":"Agile manufacturing","level":3,"score":0.34940001368522644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.32350000739097595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195094911","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14167904","display_name":"Process management","level":1,"score":0.3165999948978424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3019999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.298799991607666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110354214","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6314146","display_name":"Engineering management","level":1,"score":0.28619998693466187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.28380000591278076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.258899986743927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32802771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2443617","display_name":"Port (circuit theory)","level":2,"score":0.2540000081062317}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.array.2026.101213","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.array.2026.101213","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.array.2026.101213","pdf_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590005626005369/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210194039","display_name":"Array","issn_l":"2590-0056","issn":["2590-0056"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-40"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Array","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:4812054a932f4c1384d7bb19ed487187","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/4812054a932f4c1384d7bb19ed487187","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Array, Vol 31, Iss , Pp 101213- (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.array.2026.101213","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.array.2026.101213","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.array.2026.101213","pdf_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590005626005369/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210194039","display_name":"Array","issn_l":"2590-0056","issn":["2590-0056"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-40"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Array","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.6773999929428101}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7208830514.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7208830514.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1997361867","https://openalex.org/W2004228573","https://openalex.org/W2100004881","https://openalex.org/W2108314197","https://openalex.org/W2113896328","https://openalex.org/W2153310220","https://openalex.org/W2164768649","https://openalex.org/W2508962850","https://openalex.org/W3015960835","https://openalex.org/W3023367701","https://openalex.org/W3088475148","https://openalex.org/W3122572291","https://openalex.org/W3134019143","https://openalex.org/W3164522447","https://openalex.org/W4293382414","https://openalex.org/W4321786428","https://openalex.org/W4324155107","https://openalex.org/W4400875868","https://openalex.org/W4401836687","https://openalex.org/W4401895018","https://openalex.org/W4401945042","https://openalex.org/W4406754736","https://openalex.org/W4408619531"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7165113993","https://openalex.org/W7160773989","https://openalex.org/W7223332614","https://openalex.org/W2043382079","https://openalex.org/W7212352588","https://openalex.org/W4417486741","https://openalex.org/W7136617192","https://openalex.org/W2992948912","https://openalex.org/W7131389476","https://openalex.org/W2354798697"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Transportation":[0],"networks":[1],"increasingly":[2],"face":[3],"disruptions":[4],"that":[5,126],"require":[6],"rapid":[7],"interpretation":[8,70,94,97,129,146,168],"as":[9,11,154,162],"well":[10],"coordinated":[12],"operational":[13,45,170],"response.":[14],"This":[15],"study":[16,149],"develops":[17],"and":[18,32,49,68,73,79,99,106,141,159],"computationally":[19],"evaluates":[20],"an":[21],"interdisciplinary":[22],"framework":[23,41],"integrating":[24],"Large":[25],"Language":[26],"Models":[27],"(LLMs),":[28],"Multi-Agent":[29],"Systems":[30],"(MAS),":[31],"digital":[33],"twins":[34],"in":[35],"port-centred":[36],"multimodal":[37],"container":[38],"logistics.":[39],"The":[40,123,148],"separates":[42],"contextual":[43],"interpretation,":[44],"validation,":[46],"decentralized":[47],"execution,":[48],"feedback-based":[50],"adaptation.":[51],"A":[52],"controlled":[53],"simulation":[54],"compares":[55],"four":[56],"architectures:":[57],"rule-based":[58,91],"control,":[59],"MAS-only":[60],"coordination,":[61],"classical":[62,104,121],"machine":[63],"learning":[64],"(ML)":[65],"with":[66,71],"MAS,":[67,74],"LLM-supported":[69,93],"validation":[72,101,161],"across":[75],"five":[76],"disruption":[77],"conditions":[78],"30":[80],"matched":[81],"replications.":[82],"MAS":[83],"coordination":[84,140],"substantially":[85],"improves":[86],"delivery":[87,115],"performance":[88,118],"relative":[89,119],"to":[90,120],"control.":[92],"achieves":[95],"higher":[96],"accuracy":[98],"fewer":[100],"rejections":[102],"than":[103,157],"ML":[105],"reduces":[107],"response":[108],"time,":[109],"but":[110],"does":[111,130],"not":[112,131],"improve":[113],"downstream":[114,139],"or":[116],"recovery":[117],"ML+MAS.":[122],"findings":[124],"show":[125],"improved":[127],"semantic":[128],"automatically":[132],"translate":[133],"into":[134],"greater":[135],"system-level":[136],"agility":[137],"when":[138],"fallback":[142],"mechanisms":[143],"compensate":[144],"for":[145],"errors.":[147],"therefore":[150],"positions":[151],"LLM":[152],"value":[153],"conditional":[155],"rather":[156],"universal":[158],"identifies":[160],"a":[163],"boundary":[164],"mechanism":[165],"separating":[166],"probabilistic":[167],"from":[169],"execution.":[171]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2026-09-06T00:00:00"}
