{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7208822058","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2026.182294","title":"Microalgal diversity changes as a bioindicator of aquatic metal pollution on the Central African Copperbelt","display_name":"Microalgal diversity changes as a bioindicator of aquatic metal pollution on the Central African Copperbelt","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-09-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7208822058","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2026.182294","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42700552"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2026.182294","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2026.182294","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2026.182294","pdf_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969726009629/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S86852077","display_name":"The Science of The Total Environment","issn_l":"0048-9697","issn":["0048-9697","1879-1026"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-2","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Science of The Total Environment","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969726009629/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021520266","display_name":"Mary Mulenga","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-9198-280X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0008-9198-280X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32284924","display_name":"Copperbelt University","ror":"https://ror.org/03fgtjr33","country_code":"ZM","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32284924"]}],"countries":["ZM"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mary Mulenga","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biological Sciences, School of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Copperbelt University, P.O. Box 21692, Kitwe, Zambia; Chair of Environment and Development, Oliver R Tambo Africa Research Chairs Initiative (ORTARChI), Copperbelt University, P.O. Box 21692, Kitwe, Zambia. Electronic address: marymulenga452@gmail.com"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biological Sciences, School of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Copperbelt University, P.O. Box 21692, Kitwe, Zambia; Chair of Environment and Development, Oliver R Tambo Africa Research Chairs Initiative (ORTARChI), Copperbelt University, P.O. Box 21692, Kitwe, Zambia. Electronic address: marymulenga452@gmail.com","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32284924"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055885210","display_name":"Concillia Monde","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9856-9120","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9856-9120","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7069-8016"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32284924","display_name":"Copperbelt University","ror":"https://ror.org/03fgtjr33","country_code":"ZM","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32284924"]}],"countries":["ZM"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Concillia Monde","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Zoology and Aquatic Sciences, School of Natural Resources, Copperbelt University, P.O. Box 21692, Kitwe, Zambia; Chair of Environment and Development, Oliver R Tambo Africa Research Chairs Initiative (ORTARChI), Copperbelt University, P.O. Box 21692, Kitwe, Zambia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Zoology and Aquatic Sciences, School of Natural Resources, Copperbelt University, P.O. Box 21692, Kitwe, Zambia; Chair of Environment and Development, Oliver R Tambo Africa Research Chairs Initiative (ORTARChI), Copperbelt University, P.O. Box 21692, Kitwe, Zambia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32284924"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076806241","display_name":"Todd Johnson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6346-5604","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6346-5604"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32284924","display_name":"Copperbelt University","ror":"https://ror.org/03fgtjr33","country_code":"ZM","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32284924"]}],"countries":["ZM"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Todd Johnson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biological Sciences, School of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Copperbelt University, P.O. Box 21692, Kitwe, Zambia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biological Sciences, School of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Copperbelt University, P.O. Box 21692, Kitwe, Zambia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32284924"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026554157","display_name":"Kennedy Ochieng Ouma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2902-9723","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2902-9723"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32284924","display_name":"Copperbelt University","ror":"https://ror.org/03fgtjr33","country_code":"ZM","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32284924"]}],"countries":["ZM"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kennedy O. Ouma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Zoology and Aquatic Sciences, School of Natural Resources, Copperbelt University, P.O. Box 21692, Kitwe, Zambia; Chair of Environment and Development, Oliver R Tambo Africa Research Chairs Initiative (ORTARChI), Copperbelt University, P.O. Box 21692, Kitwe, Zambia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Zoology and Aquatic Sciences, School of Natural Resources, Copperbelt University, P.O. Box 21692, Kitwe, Zambia; Chair of Environment and Development, Oliver R Tambo Africa Research Chairs Initiative (ORTARChI), Copperbelt University, P.O. Box 21692, Kitwe, Zambia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32284924"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025392060","display_name":"Stephen Syampungani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2629-5807","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2629-5807"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32284924","display_name":"Copperbelt University","ror":"https://ror.org/03fgtjr33","country_code":"ZM","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32284924"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I69552723","display_name":"University of Pretoria","ror":"https://ror.org/00g0p6g84","country_code":"ZA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I69552723"]}],"countries":["ZA","ZM"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stephen Syampungani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chair of Environment and Development, Oliver R Tambo Africa Research Chairs Initiative (ORTARChI), Copperbelt University, P.O. Box 21692, Kitwe, Zambia; Forest Science Postgraduate Program, Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Plant Sciences Complex, University of Pretoria, Private Bag x20, Hatfield, Pretoria, 0002, South Africa"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chair of Environment and Development, Oliver R Tambo Africa Research Chairs Initiative (ORTARChI), Copperbelt University, P.O. Box 21692, Kitwe, Zambia; Forest Science Postgraduate Program, Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Plant Sciences Complex, University of Pretoria, Private Bag x20, Hatfield, Pretoria, 0002, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32284924","https://openalex.org/I69552723"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5021520266"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32284924"],"apc_list":{"value":4250,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4250},"apc_paid":{"value":4250,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4250},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"1051","issue":null,"first_page":"182294","last_page":"182294"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10447","display_name":"Environmental Toxicology and Ecotoxicology","score":0.9442999958992004,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2307","display_name":"Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10447","display_name":"Environmental Toxicology and Ecotoxicology","score":0.9442999958992004,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2307","display_name":"Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10139","display_name":"Heavy metals in environment","score":0.01860000006854534,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2310","display_name":"Pollution"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10669","display_name":"Freshwater macroinvertebrate diversity and ecology","score":0.009600000455975533,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microalgae","display_name":"microalgae","score":0.859000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bioindicators","display_name":"bioindicators","score":0.8569999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metal-contamination","display_name":"metal contamination","score":0.8389999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mining-pollution","display_name":"mining pollution","score":0.8600000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/copper","display_name":"copper","score":0.550000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cobalt","display_name":"cobalt","score":0.9580000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lead","display_name":"lead","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stream-ecosystems","display_name":"stream ecosystems","score":0.5260000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/central-african-copperbelt","display_name":"Central African Copperbelt","score":0.9559999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microalgal-diversity","display_name":"microalgal diversity","score":0.7850000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metal-bioaccumulation","display_name":"metal bioaccumulation","score":0.8450000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pollution-load-index","display_name":"pollution load index","score":0.7409999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seasonal-variation","display_name":"seasonal variation","score":0.6190000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sediment-contamination","display_name":"sediment contamination","score":0.4650000035762787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aquatic-ecosystem-health","display_name":"aquatic ecosystem health","score":0.5350000262260437}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176585087","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q864438","display_name":"Bioindicator","level":2,"score":0.9244999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.6563000082969666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53565203","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17146659","display_name":"Species richness","level":2,"score":0.6276999711990356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151913843","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454555","display_name":"Dominance (genetics)","level":3,"score":0.6039999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.6015999913215637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C521259446","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q58734","display_name":"Pollution","level":2,"score":0.5587000250816345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34771814","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186101","display_name":"Aquatic plant","level":3,"score":0.5169000029563904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175327387","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3289906","display_name":"Aquatic ecosystem","level":2,"score":0.5146999955177307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2816523","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180184","display_name":"Sediment","level":2,"score":0.5080000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110872660","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37813","display_name":"Ecosystem","level":2,"score":0.45159998536109924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71572567","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q864231","display_name":"Bioaccumulation","level":2,"score":0.43970000743865967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62648534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q706937","display_name":"Species diversity","level":2,"score":0.42640000581741333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115540264","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2945560","display_name":"Biomass (ecology)","level":2,"score":0.4189999997615814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780797713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q625376","display_name":"Water quality","level":2,"score":0.38679999113082886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132000320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186101","display_name":"Macrophyte","level":2,"score":0.3714999854564667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C559758991","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37868","display_name":"Algae","level":2,"score":0.36739999055862427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90195498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183129","display_name":"Water pollution","level":2,"score":0.35910001397132874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22215628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q864438","display_name":"Indicator species","level":3,"score":0.34689998626708984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186699998","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q156698","display_name":"Eutrophication","level":3,"score":0.3449999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77077793","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336019","display_name":"Abundance (ecology)","level":2,"score":0.33329999446868896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141818822","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17011699","display_name":"Ecosystem health","level":4,"score":0.3100000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30968088","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1230601","display_name":"Diversity index","level":3,"score":0.2872999906539917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170859357","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131427","display_name":"Primary producers","level":4,"score":0.28519999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107872376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q321355","display_name":"Environmental chemistry","level":1,"score":0.2793999910354614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2909468537","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q58734","display_name":"Environmental pollution","level":2,"score":0.27309998869895935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.25870001316070557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130217890","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47041","display_name":"Biodiversity","level":2,"score":0.2524000108242035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109051061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q864610","display_name":"Biomonitoring","level":2,"score":0.25049999356269836}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2026.182294","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2026.182294","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2026.182294","pdf_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969726009629/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S86852077","display_name":"The Science of The Total Environment","issn_l":"0048-9697","issn":["0048-9697","1879-1026"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-2","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Science of The Total Environment","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:42700552","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42700552","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Science of the total environment","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2026.182294","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2026.182294","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2026.182294","pdf_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969726009629/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S86852077","display_name":"The Science of The Total Environment","issn_l":"0048-9697","issn":["0048-9697","1879-1026"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-2","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Science of The Total Environment","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6","display_name":"Clean water and sanitation","score":1.0},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","display_name":"Life on land","score":0.4390000104904175}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320319949","display_name":"International Development Research Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/0445x0472"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320671","display_name":"National Research Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/05s0g1g46"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324288","display_name":"Copperbelt University","ror":"https://ror.org/03fgtjr33"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320331164","display_name":"National Science and Technology Council","ror":"https://ror.org/00wnb9798"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7208822058.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7208822058.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":73,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W618640292","https://openalex.org/W1543290915","https://openalex.org/W1758075568","https://openalex.org/W1967203829","https://openalex.org/W1980422162","https://openalex.org/W1994322060","https://openalex.org/W1995707863","https://openalex.org/W1999809644","https://openalex.org/W2003558251","https://openalex.org/W2007976881","https://openalex.org/W2027094778","https://openalex.org/W2029812993","https://openalex.org/W2033039307","https://openalex.org/W2037121538","https://openalex.org/W2043502723","https://openalex.org/W2066705957","https://openalex.org/W2068680588","https://openalex.org/W2129370357","https://openalex.org/W2148426952","https://openalex.org/W2167926173","https://openalex.org/W2342992827","https://openalex.org/W2512891936","https://openalex.org/W2559934347","https://openalex.org/W2582438857","https://openalex.org/W2583344143","https://openalex.org/W2605722728","https://openalex.org/W2737653355","https://openalex.org/W2755032860","https://openalex.org/W2773427369","https://openalex.org/W2780226528","https://openalex.org/W2795569249","https://openalex.org/W2896233422","https://openalex.org/W2898974022","https://openalex.org/W2903030774","https://openalex.org/W2904591812","https://openalex.org/W3005027185","https://openalex.org/W3012736506","https://openalex.org/W3041380387","https://openalex.org/W3064868639","https://openalex.org/W3152719213","https://openalex.org/W3153211947","https://openalex.org/W3164360551","https://openalex.org/W3164982305","https://openalex.org/W3170156843","https://openalex.org/W3173344150","https://openalex.org/W3183496185","https://openalex.org/W3185393085","https://openalex.org/W3204688550","https://openalex.org/W4210708207","https://openalex.org/W4211004003","https://openalex.org/W4220796900","https://openalex.org/W4229453496","https://openalex.org/W4245677428","https://openalex.org/W4280573523","https://openalex.org/W4281295743","https://openalex.org/W4284966428","https://openalex.org/W4306786904","https://openalex.org/W4313442556","https://openalex.org/W4323043716","https://openalex.org/W4323849241","https://openalex.org/W4387643902","https://openalex.org/W4387955603","https://openalex.org/W4387978652","https://openalex.org/W4388599625","https://openalex.org/W4389753385","https://openalex.org/W4390838400","https://openalex.org/W4392381213","https://openalex.org/W4399652183","https://openalex.org/W4401184163","https://openalex.org/W4402134281","https://openalex.org/W4404755378","https://openalex.org/W4404959134","https://openalex.org/W4407274713"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4410200702","https://openalex.org/W2067716540","https://openalex.org/W4399266423","https://openalex.org/W7155616945","https://openalex.org/W2068680588","https://openalex.org/W4408929728","https://openalex.org/W7143861001","https://openalex.org/W3202517825","https://openalex.org/W4224105095","https://openalex.org/W1994375335"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Intensification":[0],"of":[1,7,24,31,105,234,247],"mining":[2,27,240],"has":[3],"increased":[4],"the":[5,11,22,36,42,52,127,146,156,205,232,252],"vulnerability":[6],"stream":[8],"ecosystems":[9],"on":[10,41],"Central":[12],"African":[13],"Copperbelt":[14],"(CACB)":[15],"to":[16,26,236],"metal":[17,137,148],"pollution.":[18],"This":[19],"study":[20],"assessed":[21],"response":[23],"microalgae":[25,68,153,158,200,223,235],"pollution":[28,138],"as":[29,172,245],"bioindicators":[30,246],"aquatic":[32,248],"ecosystem":[33],"health":[34,250],"in":[35,100,150,199,239,251],"Upper":[37],"Kafue":[38,54],"River":[39,55],"(UKR)":[40],"CACB.":[43],"Seasonal":[44],"sampling":[45],"was":[46,201],"conducted":[47],"at":[48,122,180,193],"three":[49],"sites":[50],"along":[51],"UKR:":[53],"Farm":[56],"(KRF),":[57],"Hippo":[58],"Pool":[59],"(HP),":[60],"and":[61,67,91,102,116,136,152,163,175,188,195,222,254],"Mufuchani":[62],"Bridge":[63],"(MB).":[64],"Stream":[65],"sediment":[66,101,129,151],"samples":[69],"were":[70,75,96,178,191],"analysed":[71],"for":[72,78],"metals.":[73],"Microalgae":[74,169],"identified":[76],"morphotaxonomically":[77],"relative":[79],"abundance":[80],"(":[81,225],"p":[82,226],"i":[83],"),":[84],"Shannon-Wiener":[85],"diversity":[86,159],"(H\u2032),":[87],"Margalef's":[88],"richness":[89,165],"(M),":[90],"Simpson's":[92],"dominance":[93],"(D).":[94],"There":[95],"significantly":[97],"high":[98],"concentrations":[99,149],"microalgae,":[103],"respectively,":[104],"Cu":[106,132],"(7.04":[107],"g/kg;":[108],"3.1":[109],"mg/kg),":[110,115],"Co":[111],"(214":[112],"mg/kg;":[113,119],"0.8":[114],"Pb":[117],"(68":[118],"0.3":[120],"mg/kg)":[121],"HP,":[123],"which":[124],"also":[125],"had":[126,145],"highest":[128,157],"contamination":[130],"by":[131],"(CF":[133],"=":[134,141,161,167],"176)":[135],"load":[139],"(PLI":[140],"2.4).":[142],"However,":[143],"KRF":[144],"lowest":[147],"but":[154],"showed":[155],"(H\u2032":[160],"4.0)":[162],"taxa":[164],"(M":[166],"5.6).":[168],"genera":[170],"such":[171],"Fragilaria":[173],"sp.":[174,177,187,190],"Closterium":[176],"dominant":[179],"KRF,":[181],"while":[182],"pollution-tolerant":[183],"species":[184],"including":[185],"Microcystis":[186],"Volvox":[189],"prevalent":[192],"HP":[194],"MB.":[196],"Metal":[197],"bioaccumulation":[198],"generally":[202],"higher":[203],"during":[204],"dry":[206],"season":[207],"(Cr":[208],"0.044\u2013Ni":[209],"0.92":[210],"mg/kg":[211],"DW).":[212],"Principal":[213],"components":[214],"analysis":[215],"confirmed":[216],"strong":[217],"correlations":[218],"between":[219],"environmental":[220],"factors":[221],"metrics":[224],"<":[227],"0.05).":[228],"The":[229],"findings":[230],"demonstrate":[231],"sensitivity":[233],"site-specific":[237],"variability":[238],"pollution,":[241],"supporting":[242],"their":[243],"potential":[244],"ecological":[249],"CACB":[253],"similarly":[255],"impacted":[256],"landscapes.":[257]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-09-29T14:09:16.559479","created_date":"2026-09-06T00:00:00"}
