{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7208801461","doi":null,"title":"Mutual Intelligibility and Receptive Multilingualism in Large Language Models: A Demonstration Through Slavic Languages","display_name":"Mutual Intelligibility and Receptive Multilingualism in Large Language Models: A Demonstration Through Slavic Languages","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-07-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7208801461"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:dal.scholaris.ca:10222/86347","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10222/86347","pdf_url":"https://dal.scholaris.ca/bitstreams/71ed0d42-e1a6-40c0-a407-367679dcaca4/download","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407064432","display_name":"DalSpace (Dalhousie University)","issn_l":"2041-2096","issn":["2041-2096"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["dongbi-a","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I129902397","host_organization_name":"Dalhousie University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129902397"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://dal.scholaris.ca/bitstreams/71ed0d42-e1a6-40c0-a407-367679dcaca4/download","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5150029993","display_name":"Tymon Wranik-Lohrenz","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129902397","display_name":"Dalhousie University","ror":"https://ror.org/01e6qks80","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129902397"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Wranik-Lohrenz, Tymon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science at Dalhousie University Halifax , Nova Scotia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science at Dalhousie University Halifax , Nova Scotia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129902397"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5150029993"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129902397"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.8389000296592712,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.8389000296592712,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.14100000262260437,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10201","display_name":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","score":0.004000000189989805,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mutual-intelligibility","display_name":"mutual intelligibility","score":0.9900000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistic-similarity","display_name":"language similarity","score":0.6489999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/large-language-models","display_name":"large language models","score":0.8659999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/slavic-languages","display_name":"Slavic languages","score":0.7820000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-resource-languages","display_name":"low-resource languages","score":0.8330000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloze-test","display_name":"cloze test","score":0.6240000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tokenization","display_name":"tokenization","score":0.8349999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transliteration","display_name":"transliteration","score":0.9350000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cross-lingual-transfer","display_name":"cross-lingual transfer","score":0.8450000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-augmentation","display_name":"data augmentation","score":0.5249999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/croatian-language","display_name":"Croatian language","score":0.41999998688697815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/czech","display_name":"Czech","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polish","display_name":"Polish","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/slovaks","display_name":"Slovaks","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/slovene","display_name":"Slovene","score":0.8230000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bert","display_name":"BERT","score":0.6069999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gpt","display_name":"GPT","score":0.9890000224113464}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60048801","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1433889","display_name":"Intelligibility (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.6366999745368958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.6169999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5748000144958496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.5523999929428101},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121894898","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23526","display_name":"Slavic languages","level":2,"score":0.5015000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.48179998993873596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195324797","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33742","display_name":"Natural language","level":2,"score":0.4812999963760376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780922921","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q255189","display_name":"Paraphrase","level":2,"score":0.446399986743927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.39750000834465027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780035574","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30081","display_name":"Multilingualism","level":2,"score":0.39750000834465027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79078291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q980142","display_name":"Linguistic universal","level":3,"score":0.3294999897480011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780790391","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1149626","display_name":"Written language","level":2,"score":0.31299999356269836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780762811","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1784941","display_name":"Cosine similarity","level":3,"score":0.2978000044822693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123406163","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82042","display_name":"Part of speech","level":2,"score":0.2703000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776230583","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1322198","display_name":"Spoken language","level":2,"score":0.2680000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.26750001311302185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778883600","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2390977","display_name":"Language proficiency","level":2,"score":0.26739999651908875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152139883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q252973","display_name":"Mutual information","level":2,"score":0.26409998536109924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C511192102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5156948","display_name":"Comprehension","level":2,"score":0.26330000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116081451","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1501364","display_name":"Language transfer","level":4,"score":0.26159998774528503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103278499","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q254465","display_name":"Similarity (geometry)","level":3,"score":0.2574000060558319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181925144","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190375","display_name":"Historical linguistics","level":2,"score":0.2547000050544739}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:dal.scholaris.ca:10222/86347","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10222/86347","pdf_url":"https://dal.scholaris.ca/bitstreams/71ed0d42-e1a6-40c0-a407-367679dcaca4/download","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407064432","display_name":"DalSpace (Dalhousie University)","issn_l":"2041-2096","issn":["2041-2096"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["dongbi-a","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I129902397","host_organization_name":"Dalhousie University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129902397"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:dal.scholaris.ca:10222/86347","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10222/86347","pdf_url":"https://dal.scholaris.ca/bitstreams/71ed0d42-e1a6-40c0-a407-367679dcaca4/download","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407064432","display_name":"DalSpace (Dalhousie University)","issn_l":"2041-2096","issn":["2041-2096"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["dongbi-a","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I129902397","host_organization_name":"Dalhousie University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129902397"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7208801461.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7208801461.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2896457183","https://openalex.org/W2952638691","https://openalex.org/W2963993537","https://openalex.org/W2965373594","https://openalex.org/W2970854433","https://openalex.org/W2975059944","https://openalex.org/W2980282514","https://openalex.org/W2981852735","https://openalex.org/W2986154550","https://openalex.org/W3030163527","https://openalex.org/W3034748831","https://openalex.org/W3094084185","https://openalex.org/W3101745556","https://openalex.org/W3120253119","https://openalex.org/W3156064004","https://openalex.org/W3158926580","https://openalex.org/W3213167647","https://openalex.org/W3213867609","https://openalex.org/W3214520975","https://openalex.org/W4221140988","https://openalex.org/W4221157970","https://openalex.org/W4285077564","https://openalex.org/W4287708930","https://openalex.org/W4307925684","https://openalex.org/W4389520101","https://openalex.org/W4412888882","https://openalex.org/W4416014152","https://openalex.org/W7131816715"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7126415402","https://openalex.org/W4402670419","https://openalex.org/W7140140216","https://openalex.org/W7165517357","https://openalex.org/W7155420364","https://openalex.org/W6885086055","https://openalex.org/W4412886686","https://openalex.org/W7131418507","https://openalex.org/W7166318053","https://openalex.org/W4414684023"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"thesis":[1,101,246],"concerns":[2],"itself":[3],"with":[4,117,172],"the":[5,17,70,80,126,158,169,180,205,212,265,281],"usage":[6],"of":[7,13,19,25,77,129,133,152,157,187,214,256,268],"Mutual":[8,104,127,200],"Intelligibility":[9,105,128,201,267],"as":[10,60,88,97,202,230,240],"a":[11,75,150,248,273],"metric":[12,234],"language":[14],"similarity":[15,191,233],"in":[16,83,119,140,155,204,237,283],"context":[18],"Large":[20,61],"Language":[21,56,62],"Models.":[22,63],"The":[23,161],"purpose":[24],"this":[26,100,245],"is":[27,108,197,219,262],"to":[28,37,74,124,165],"explore":[29],"potential":[30],"data":[31,52],"augmentation":[32],"and":[33,41,91,136,145,193,222,254,270],"training":[34,84],"methods":[35,58,238],"related":[36],"Low":[38,43],"Resource":[39,44],"Languages":[40],"Extremely":[42],"Languages,":[45],"languages":[46,65,96],"which":[47,179],"do":[48],"not":[49,209],"have":[50],"sufficient":[51],"for":[53,85,235],"modern":[54],"Natural":[55],"Processing":[57],"such":[59,87,239],"Such":[64],"are":[66,147,163,183],"considered":[67,229],"at-risk":[68],"within":[69,106],"NLP":[71],"world":[72],"due":[73],"variety":[76],"factors":[78],"beyond":[79],"obvious":[81],"difficulty":[82],"them,":[86],"Model":[89],"Collapse":[90],"Cultural":[92],"Homogenization.":[93],"Using":[94],"Slavic":[95],"an":[98,120,231],"example,":[99],"explores":[102],"if":[103],"humans":[107,173],"accurately":[109],"represented":[110],"by":[111,113,168,174,258,264],"LLMs":[112,118,207,257],"replacing":[114],"human":[115,215,252],"participants":[116],"otherwise":[121],"identical":[122],"experiment":[123],"measure":[125],"languages.":[130,160],"A":[131],"selection":[132],"off-the-shelf":[134],"GPT":[135],"BERT":[137],"models":[138],"trained":[139],"Croatian,":[141],"Czech,":[142],"Polish,":[143],"Slovak,":[144],"Slovene":[146],"tested":[148,206],"using":[149,272],"series":[151],"Cloze":[153,181],"tests":[154,182],"each":[156],"other":[159],"results":[162,166],"compared":[164],"produced":[167],"work":[170],"done":[171],"Gooskens":[175],"et":[176],"al.,":[177],"from":[178],"taken,":[184],"through":[185],"means":[186],"descriptive":[188],"analysis,":[189],"cosine":[190],"metrics,":[192],"statistical":[194],"correlation.":[195,223],"It":[196],"shown":[198],"that":[199,255,271],"found":[203],"does":[208],"necessarily":[210],"represent":[211],"state":[213],"language,":[216],"but":[217],"there":[218],"some":[220],"resemblance":[221],"Thus,":[224],"it":[225],"should":[226],"still":[227],"be":[228],"important":[232],"consideration":[236],"cross-lingual":[241],"transfer":[242],"training.":[243],"Additionally,":[244],"covers":[247],"major":[249],"incongruence":[250],"between":[251],"capabilities":[253],"exploring":[259],"how":[260],"tokenization":[261],"affected":[263],"Orthographic":[266],"languages,":[269],"simple":[274],"transliteration":[275],"based":[276],"pre-processing":[277],"step":[278],"can":[279],"reduce":[280],"discrepancy":[282],"results.":[284]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2026-09-05T00:00:00"}
