{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7208763863","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.08.28.747951","title":"Patient-Derived hiPSC-Cardiomyocytes and Engineered Heart Tissues Reveal Distinct Functional Phenotypes in Inherited Cardiomyopathies","display_name":"Patient-Derived hiPSC-Cardiomyocytes and Engineered Heart Tissues Reveal Distinct Functional Phenotypes in Inherited Cardiomyopathies","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-09-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7208763863","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.08.28.747951"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.64898/2026.08.28.747951","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.08.28.747951","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.08.28.747951","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402567","display_name":"bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2750212522","host_organization_name":"Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2750212522"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"bioRxiv","raw_type":"posted-content"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.08.28.747951","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047434566","display_name":"Saana Pohjavaara","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4585-8652","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4585-8652"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I133731052","display_name":"University of Helsinki","ror":"https://ror.org/040af2s02","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Saana Pohjavaara","raw_affiliation_strings":["Drug Research Program and Division of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4585-8652","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Drug Research Program and Division of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035871532","display_name":"Qasim A. Majid","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2720-9149","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2720-9149","https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3020-4728"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I15766117","display_name":"University of Graz","ror":"https://ror.org/01faaaf77","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I15766117"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qasim A. Majid","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I15766117"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5106162479","display_name":"Leo Huttunen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3143-4402","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3143-4402"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I133731052","display_name":"University of Helsinki","ror":"https://ror.org/040af2s02","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Leo Huttunen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Drug Research Program and Division of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Drug Research Program and Division of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027482380","display_name":"Katriina Aalto\u2010Set\u00e4l\u00e4","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0334-2172","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0334-2172"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166825849","display_name":"Tampere University","ror":"https://ror.org/033003e23","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I166825849"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210126318","display_name":"Tampere University Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/02hvt5f17","country_code":"FI","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210126318"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387153886","display_name":"University of Tampere","ror":"https://ror.org/05p6qqk79","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I166825849","https://openalex.org/I4387153886"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Katriina Aalto-Set\u00e4l\u00e4","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology and BioMediTech Institute, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland","Heart Hospital, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology and BioMediTech Institute, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166825849","https://openalex.org/I4387153886"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Heart Hospital, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210126318"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020102435","display_name":"Heikki J Ruskoaho","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8971-1359","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8971-1359"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I133731052","display_name":"University of Helsinki","ror":"https://ror.org/040af2s02","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Heikki Ruskoaho","raw_affiliation_strings":["Drug Research Program and Division of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Drug Research Program and Division of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064971980","display_name":"Mika J. V\u00e4lim\u00e4ki","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9687-8197","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9687-8197"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I133731052","display_name":"University of Helsinki","ror":"https://ror.org/040af2s02","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mika J. V\u00e4lim\u00e4ki","raw_affiliation_strings":["Drug Research Program and Division of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Drug Research Program and Division of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107207098","display_name":"Sini M. Kinnunen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1592-8306","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1592-8306"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I133731052","display_name":"University of Helsinki","ror":"https://ror.org/040af2s02","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sini M. Kinnunen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Drug Research Program and Division of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Drug Research Program and Division of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017315850","display_name":"Virpi Talman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2702-6505","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2702-6505"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I133731052","display_name":"University of Helsinki","ror":"https://ror.org/040af2s02","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I155660961","display_name":"University of Turku","ror":"https://ror.org/05vghhr25","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I155660961"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Virpi Talman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Drug Research Program and Division of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland","Research Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2702-6505","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Drug Research Program and Division of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133731052"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I155660961"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5017315850"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133731052","https://openalex.org/I155660961"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10882","display_name":"Cardiomyopathy and Myosin Studies","score":0.7612000107765198,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10882","display_name":"Cardiomyopathy and Myosin Studies","score":0.7612000107765198,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10505","display_name":"Pluripotent Stem Cells Research","score":0.1729000061750412,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10217","display_name":"Cardiac electrophysiology and arrhythmias","score":0.02969999983906746,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hypertrophic-cardiomyopathy","display_name":"hypertrophic cardiomyopathy","score":0.968999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dilated-cardiomyopathy","display_name":"dilated cardiomyopathy","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inherited-cardiomyopathy","display_name":"familial cardiomyopathy","score":0.9380000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineered-heart-tissue","display_name":"engineered heart tissue","score":0.9229999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mybpc3-mutation","display_name":"MYBPC3 mutation","score":0.9160000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lmna-mutations","display_name":"LMNA mutations","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/endothelin-1","display_name":"endothelin-1","score":0.9660000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gata4","display_name":"GATA4","score":0.9309999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/isoproterenol","display_name":"isoproterenol","score":0.8339999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beta-adrenergic-stimulation","display_name":"beta-adrenergic stimulation","score":0.9079999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contractile-function","display_name":"contractile function","score":0.7480000257492065}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127716648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104053","display_name":"Phenotype","level":3,"score":0.6787999868392944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776383484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q283656","display_name":"Dilated cardiomyopathy","level":3,"score":0.6373000144958496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.6028000116348267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107459253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q674925","display_name":"Induced pluripotent stem cell","level":4,"score":0.5800999999046326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780185194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1364270","display_name":"Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy","level":2,"score":0.5641999840736389},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95444343","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7141","display_name":"Cell biology","level":1,"score":0.5421000123023987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778198053","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181754","display_name":"Heart failure","level":2,"score":0.5076000094413757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207200792","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428914","display_name":"Myocyte","level":2,"score":0.5049999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24998067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4114622","display_name":"Stimulation","level":2,"score":0.4830999970436096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778797674","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q847583","display_name":"Cardiomyopathy","level":3,"score":0.39570000767707825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.3822000026702881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74581901","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14876107","display_name":"MYH7","level":4,"score":0.3617999851703644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C174054327","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6947920","display_name":"Myofilament","level":3,"score":0.3601999878883362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39133596","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165683","display_name":"Contractility","level":2,"score":0.34450000524520874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81885089","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189082","display_name":"Cell culture","level":2,"score":0.3407000005245209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28328180","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48196","display_name":"Stem cell","level":2,"score":0.30140000581741333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780074459","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q389735","display_name":"Heart disease","level":2,"score":0.28290000557899475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111566952","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1303462","display_name":"Cardiac function curve","level":3,"score":0.2784999907016754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.2761000096797943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.27160000801086426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779959927","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1048687","display_name":"Skeletal muscle","level":2,"score":0.27160000801086426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133702464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3487083","display_name":"Actinin","level":4,"score":0.25839999318122864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55112680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190549","display_name":"Functional analysis","level":3,"score":0.25589999556541443}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.64898/2026.08.28.747951","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.08.28.747951","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.08.28.747951","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402567","display_name":"bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2750212522","host_organization_name":"Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2750212522"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"bioRxiv","raw_type":"posted-content"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.64898/2026.08.28.747951","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.08.28.747951","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.08.28.747951","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402567","display_name":"bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2750212522","host_organization_name":"Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2750212522"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"bioRxiv","raw_type":"posted-content"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9922999739646912}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":67,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1599556324","https://openalex.org/W1747672433","https://openalex.org/W1971599917","https://openalex.org/W1976896311","https://openalex.org/W1987736934","https://openalex.org/W1991507611","https://openalex.org/W2002257986","https://openalex.org/W2016484408","https://openalex.org/W2028952591","https://openalex.org/W2046110995","https://openalex.org/W2050182552","https://openalex.org/W2062298134","https://openalex.org/W2063816440","https://openalex.org/W2064058916","https://openalex.org/W2132657359","https://openalex.org/W2137802443","https://openalex.org/W2142046859","https://openalex.org/W2142737651","https://openalex.org/W2144335262","https://openalex.org/W2145411235","https://openalex.org/W2280239466","https://openalex.org/W2343403060","https://openalex.org/W2406043282","https://openalex.org/W2410644220","https://openalex.org/W2467851095","https://openalex.org/W2563500873","https://openalex.org/W2729548803","https://openalex.org/W2751310957","https://openalex.org/W2759222692","https://openalex.org/W2778022289","https://openalex.org/W2782162941","https://openalex.org/W2800449817","https://openalex.org/W2800692959","https://openalex.org/W2805683557","https://openalex.org/W2895168260","https://openalex.org/W2897602275","https://openalex.org/W2899259653","https://openalex.org/W2905412801","https://openalex.org/W2913785049","https://openalex.org/W2921688102","https://openalex.org/W2923230881","https://openalex.org/W2951293133","https://openalex.org/W2954018739","https://openalex.org/W2968295803","https://openalex.org/W2969947611","https://openalex.org/W2989977822","https://openalex.org/W3001201582","https://openalex.org/W3033442824","https://openalex.org/W3083029037","https://openalex.org/W3125514536","https://openalex.org/W3168625879","https://openalex.org/W3202877573","https://openalex.org/W4308793203","https://openalex.org/W4386152544","https://openalex.org/W4386546847","https://openalex.org/W4390511709","https://openalex.org/W4391036039","https://openalex.org/W4400640424","https://openalex.org/W4400657880","https://openalex.org/W4402581697","https://openalex.org/W4405142738","https://openalex.org/W4406411958","https://openalex.org/W4407800587","https://openalex.org/W4409787706","https://openalex.org/W4414617851","https://openalex.org/W7118626118","https://openalex.org/W7203705302"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4312870463","https://openalex.org/W2897602275","https://openalex.org/W7203705302","https://openalex.org/W2046110995","https://openalex.org/W4388596165","https://openalex.org/W2280239466","https://openalex.org/W4386546847","https://openalex.org/W7100238828","https://openalex.org/W6889139802","https://openalex.org/W7212305691"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Background":[1],"Hypertrophic":[2],"and":[3,7,18,22,36,49,73,93,101,113,120,154,183,193,201,243,247],"dilated":[4],"cardiomyopathies":[5],"(HCM":[6],"DCM)":[8],"are":[9],"the":[10,94,125,152,164,234],"most":[11],"common":[12],"inherited":[13,251],"cardiomyopathies.":[14,252],"However,":[15],"genotype-specific":[16,199],"molecular":[17,200,242],"functional":[19,202,244],"cardiomyocyte":[20],"phenotypes":[21,42,225],"responses":[23,45,148,190,249],"to":[24,46,91,149,159,191],"neurohormonal":[25],"stimulation":[26,48,131],"remain":[27],"incompletely":[28],"understood.":[29],"Here,":[30],"we":[31],"investigated":[32],"whether":[33],"patient-derived":[34,67,76],"HCM":[35,66,207],"DCM":[37,75,218],"cardiomyocytes":[38,209],"exhibit":[39,198],"distinct":[40,177],"baseline":[41,178],"or":[43,170],"differential":[44,189],"hypertrophic":[47],"pharmacological":[50,248],"treatment.":[51],"Methods":[52],"Three":[53],"human-induced":[54],"pluripotent":[55],"stem":[56],"cell":[57],"(hiPSC)":[58],"lines":[59],"were":[60,84,89,111],"used:":[61],"a":[62,70,74,211],"control":[63,182],"line,":[64],"an":[65,79],"line":[68,77],"carrying":[69,78],"MYBPC3":[71],"mutation,":[72],"LMNA":[80],"mutation.":[81],"The":[82],"cells":[83],"differentiated":[85],"into":[86],"hiPSC-cardiomyocytes,":[87],"which":[88],"exposed":[90],"endothelin-1":[92,119,150,192],"GATA4-targeted":[95],"compound":[96],"3i-1262,":[97],"followed":[98],"by":[99],"transcriptional":[100,153],"protein":[102,155],"expression":[103],"analyses.":[104],"In":[105],"addition,":[106],"engineered":[107],"heart":[108],"tissues":[109],"(EHTs)":[110],"generated":[112,205],"cultured":[114],"for":[115,240],"40":[116],"days,":[117],"with":[118,132],"3i-1262":[121],"treatment":[122],"applied":[123],"during":[124],"final":[126],"20":[127],"days.":[128],"Lastly,":[129],"\u03b2-adrenergic":[130],"isoprenaline":[133],"was":[134,139],"performed.":[135],"EHT":[136],"contractile":[137,179],"function":[138],"quantified":[140],"using":[141],"MUSCLEMOTION.":[142],"Results":[143],"Patient-derived":[144,196],"hiPSC-cardiomyocytes":[145,197],"exhibited":[146],"genotype-dependent":[147],"at":[151],"levels.":[156],"DCM-cardiomyocytes":[157],"failed":[158],"maintain":[160],"structural":[161],"integrity":[162],"in":[163,167,214,226,250],"EHTs,":[165,185],"resulting":[166],"tissue":[168,229],"fracture":[169],"cessation":[171],"of":[172,236],"beating.":[173],"Functional":[174],"analyses":[175],"demonstrated":[176],"properties":[180],"between":[181],"cardiomyopathy":[184],"as":[186,188],"well":[187],"isoprenaline.":[194],"Conclusions":[195],"phenotypes.":[203],"EHTs":[204,219],"from":[206],"hiPSC-derived":[208],"showed":[210],"progressive":[212],"decline":[213],"apparent":[215],"force,":[216],"whereas":[217],"fractured":[220],"over":[221],"time,":[222],"suggesting":[223],"mutation-associated":[224],"3D":[227],"cardiac":[228,238],"models.":[230],"These":[231],"findings":[232],"highlight":[233],"utility":[235],"hiPSC-based":[237],"models":[239],"investigating":[241],"disease":[245],"mechanisms":[246]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-28T10:33:24.094632","created_date":"2026-09-05T00:00:00"}