{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7208736862","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3842433.3843753","title":"Feasible but Not Safe: Constraint Violations and Report-Channel Attacks in Learned Cell-Free ISAC Association","display_name":"Feasible but Not Safe: Constraint Violations and Report-Channel Attacks in Learned Cell-Free ISAC Association","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7208736862","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3842433.3843753"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3842433.3843753","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3842433.3843753","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3842433.3843753","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407114981","display_name":"ACM Workshop on Wireless of the Students, by the Students, for the Students (S3)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"conference"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 17th ACM Workshop on Wireless of the Students, by the Students, for the Students","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3842433.3843753","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054723260","display_name":"Mehdi Zafari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8894-8709","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8894-8709"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204250578","display_name":"University of California, Irvine","ror":"https://ror.org/04gyf1771","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mehdi Zafari","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8894-8709","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5095932384","display_name":"Iman Mohammadi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0680-1082","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0680-1082"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204250578","display_name":"University of California, Irvine","ror":"https://ror.org/04gyf1771","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Iman Mohammadi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0680-1082","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027055000","display_name":"Arnold Lee Swindlehurst","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0521-3107","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0521-3107"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204250578","display_name":"University of California, Irvine","ror":"https://ror.org/04gyf1771","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Lee Swindlehurst","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0521-3107","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204250578"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.67437576,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"8","last_page":"11"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11409","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Network Optimization","score":0.11729999631643295,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11409","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Network Optimization","score":0.11729999631643295,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":0.11270000040531158,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.10379999876022339,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/learning-based-scheduling","display_name":"learning-based scheduling","score":0.6850000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph-neural-networks","display_name":"graph neural networks","score":0.8059999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/constraint-violation","display_name":"constraint violation","score":0.6880000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/false-data-injection-attacks","display_name":"false data injection attacks","score":0.8429999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mixed-integer-linear-programming","display_name":"mixed-integer linear programming","score":0.7760000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mode-choice","display_name":"mode choice","score":0.6290000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adversarial-robustness","display_name":"adversarial robustness","score":0.7170000076293945}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7035999894142151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51823790","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q504353","display_name":"Greedy algorithm","level":2,"score":0.611299991607666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.5929999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776036281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48769818","display_name":"Constraint (computer-aided design)","level":2,"score":0.529699981212616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776436953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5163215","display_name":"Consistency (knowledge bases)","level":2,"score":0.4659000039100647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.4577000141143799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8505890","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q605095","display_name":"Budget constraint","level":2,"score":0.43630000948905945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44616089","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30158686","display_name":"Constraint satisfaction","level":3,"score":0.41600000858306885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147764199","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6865248","display_name":"Minification","level":2,"score":0.40070000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199622910","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1128326","display_name":"Constraint satisfaction problem","level":3,"score":0.39959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113336015","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q574010","display_name":"Complete information","level":2,"score":0.3905999958515167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.36880001425743103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.3573000133037567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28719098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44946","display_name":"Point (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.3393999934196472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3273000121116638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137822555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2587068","display_name":"Information sensitivity","level":2,"score":0.32100000977516174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48677424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888088","display_name":"Mode (computer interface)","level":2,"score":0.3165000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.31279999017715454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142853389","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q744778","display_name":"Association (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.30809998512268066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.3043000102043152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.30000001192092896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81917197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","level":2,"score":0.29260000586509705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41045048","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202843","display_name":"Linear programming","level":2,"score":0.28439998626708984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33762810","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q461671","display_name":"Data integrity","level":2,"score":0.28040000796318054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51632099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3985153","display_name":"Training set","level":2,"score":0.2759999930858612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179799912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205084","display_name":"Computational complexity theory","level":2,"score":0.2721000015735626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983203078","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q255166","display_name":"Information gain","level":2,"score":0.2721000015735626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137105694","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3407510","display_name":"Local consistency","level":4,"score":0.25209999084472656}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3842433.3843753","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3842433.3843753","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3842433.3843753","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407114981","display_name":"ACM Workshop on Wireless of the Students, by the Students, for the Students (S3)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"conference"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 17th ACM Workshop on Wireless of the Students, by the Students, for the Students","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2609.03147","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.03147","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2609.03147","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2609.03147","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2609.03147","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2609.03147","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3842433.3843753","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3842433.3843753","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3842433.3843753","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407114981","display_name":"ACM Workshop on Wireless of the Students, by the Students, for the Students (S3)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"conference"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 17th ACM Workshop on Wireless of the Students, by the Students, for the Students","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7208736862.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7208736862.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4416238272","https://openalex.org/W7140798283","https://openalex.org/W7168248082","https://openalex.org/W7168363284","https://openalex.org/W7139064757","https://openalex.org/W4405014362","https://openalex.org/W7164893999","https://openalex.org/W4411867038","https://openalex.org/W4416114261","https://openalex.org/W7171639270"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Learning-based":[0],"schedulers":[1,226],"have":[2],"been":[3],"proposed":[4],"to":[5,44,146,236],"provide":[6],"real-time":[7],"user,":[8],"target,":[9],"and":[10,20,50,53,75],"access":[11],"point":[12],"(AP)":[13],"association":[14],"in":[15,56,234],"distributed":[16],"cell-free":[17],"integrated":[18],"sensing":[19],"communication":[21],"systems.":[22],"In":[23],"a":[24,27,36,119,131,215],"typical":[25],"approach,":[26],"graph":[28],"neural":[29],"network":[30],"(GNN),":[31],"trained":[32],"on":[33,46,180],"labels":[34],"from":[35],"mixed-integer":[37],"linear":[38],"program,":[39],"maps":[40],"lightweight":[41],"per-AP":[42],"statistics":[43,79],"decisions":[45],"AP":[47,154],"clustering,":[48],"user":[49,163],"target":[51],"scheduling,":[52],"mode":[54],"selection":[55],"one":[57,101],"forward":[58],"pass.":[59],"Such":[60],"solutions":[61,97],"assume":[62],"that":[63,76,91,105,139,155,189,203,223],"hard":[64,102],"constraints,":[65],"enforced":[66],"only":[67],"as":[68,86],"soft":[69],"training":[70],"penalties,":[71],"hold":[72],"at":[73,99],"inference,":[74],"the":[77,115,169,181,191,205],"self-reported":[78],"are":[80],"truthful.":[81],"Using":[82],"our":[83],"ASSENT":[84],"algorithm":[85],"an":[87],"example,":[88],"we":[89],"find":[90],"despite":[92],"high":[93,106],"F1":[94],"scores,":[95],"many":[96],"violate":[98],"least":[100],"constraint,":[103],"demonstrating":[104],"prediction":[107],"accuracy":[108,238],"does":[109,142],"not":[110,143],"ensure":[111],"joint":[112],"feasibility.":[113],"Projecting":[114],"GNN":[116],"output":[117],"onto":[118],"feasible":[120],"solution":[121],"restores":[122],"constraint":[123],"satisfaction":[124],"with":[125,130],"low":[126],"utility":[127],"loss,":[128],"even":[129],"simple":[132],"greedy":[133],"repair":[134],"procedure.":[135],"We":[136],"further":[137],"show":[138,222],"feasibility":[140,198,232],"alone":[141],"guarantee":[144],"robustness":[145],"false":[147,157],"data":[148],"injection":[149],"attacks.":[150],"A":[151],"single":[152],"malicious":[153],"reports":[156],"information":[158,184,188,202],"cannot":[159],"substantially":[160],"increase":[161,168],"its":[162],"associations,":[164],"but":[165],"can":[166,193],"greatly":[167],"rate":[170],"of":[171,176,183],"infeasible":[172],"solutions.":[173],"The":[174,208],"effect":[175],"such":[177],"attacks":[178],"depends":[179],"type":[182],"being":[185],"falsified.":[186],"Misreporting":[187],"affects":[190,204],"objective":[192],"largely":[194],"be":[195,212,228],"mitigated":[196],"through":[197],"projection,":[199],"whereas":[200],"falsifying":[201],"constraints":[206],"cannot.":[207],"latter":[209],"can,":[210],"however,":[211],"detected":[213],"using":[214,230],"low-complexity":[216],"cross-AP":[217],"consistency":[218],"check.":[219],"These":[220],"results":[221],"learned":[224],"ISAC":[225],"should":[227],"evaluated":[229],"constraint-aware":[231],"metrics":[233],"addition":[235],"conventional":[237],"measures.":[239]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2026-09-05T00:00:00"}
