{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7208717191","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2026.1923137","title":"A topography-sensitive 2SFCA approach to measuring accessibility to active living infrastructure and its association with health-enhancing physical activity","display_name":"A topography-sensitive 2SFCA approach to measuring accessibility to active living infrastructure and its association with health-enhancing physical activity","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-09-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7208717191","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2026.1923137","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42799146","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/13614116"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fpubh.2026.1923137","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2026.1923137","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2026.1923137","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/public-health/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2026.1923137/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2595931848","display_name":"Frontiers in Public Health","issn_l":"2296-2565","issn":["2296-2565"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Public Health","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/public-health/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2026.1923137/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044659066","display_name":"Yesong Shin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8807-6330","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8807-6330"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67900169","display_name":"Chung-Ang University","ror":"https://ror.org/01r024a98","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67900169"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yesong Shin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Urban Design and Studies, College of Engineering, Chung-Ang University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Urban Design and Studies, College of Engineering, Chung-Ang University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67900169"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027176951","display_name":"Jeongwoo Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0425-5070","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0425-5070","https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5190-6417"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67900169","display_name":"Chung-Ang University","ror":"https://ror.org/01r024a98","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67900169"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jeongwoo Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Urban Design and Studies, College of Engineering, Chung-Ang University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Urban Design and Studies, College of Engineering, Chung-Ang University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67900169"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5027176951"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67900169"],"apc_list":{"value":3150,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3801},"apc_paid":{"value":3150,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3801},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":null,"first_page":"1923137","last_page":"1923137"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10298","display_name":"Urban Transport and Accessibility","score":0.9901999831199646,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10298","display_name":"Urban Transport and Accessibility","score":0.9901999831199646,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10692","display_name":"Urban Green Space and Health","score":0.008999999612569809,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3322","display_name":"Urban Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10352","display_name":"Physical Activity and Health","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pedestrian-accessibility","display_name":"pedestrian accessibility","score":0.8259999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-enhancing-physical-activity","display_name":"health-enhancing physical activity","score":0.8690000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/two-step-floating-catchment-area","display_name":"two-step floating catchment area","score":0.9750000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/built-environment","display_name":"built environment","score":0.8090000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-green-spaces","display_name":"public green spaces","score":0.8450000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sports-facilities","display_name":"sports facilities","score":0.8999999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/community-facilities","display_name":"community facilities","score":0.6890000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/retail-facilities","display_name":"retail facilities","score":0.8360000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-transport","display_name":"public transport","score":0.9639999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/walking-distance","display_name":"walking distance","score":0.5379999876022339}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117568660","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1650843","display_name":"Multinomial logistic regression","level":2,"score":0.631600022315979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776025840","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4677564","display_name":"Active living","level":3,"score":0.5995000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777113093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221488","display_name":"Pedestrian","level":2,"score":0.5906999707221985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020255362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q747883","display_name":"Physical activity","level":2,"score":0.544700026512146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146508145","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1046315","display_name":"Level design","level":3,"score":0.5241000056266785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.5037000179290771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185874996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q269699","display_name":"Interdependence","level":2,"score":0.4997999966144562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148803439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4986688","display_name":"Built environment","level":2,"score":0.4952999949455261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776688068","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q940223","display_name":"Catchment area","level":3,"score":0.4936999976634979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.49160000681877136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138816342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189603","display_name":"Public health","level":2,"score":0.4675999879837036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151956035","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1132755","display_name":"Logistic regression","level":2,"score":0.4659999907016754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142853389","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q744778","display_name":"Association (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4596000015735626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.4205000102519989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53059260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q374758","display_name":"Multilevel model","level":2,"score":0.38769999146461487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.382099986076355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22212356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775325","display_name":"Transport engineering","level":1,"score":0.33959999680519104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3384000062942505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152877465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208042","display_name":"Regression analysis","level":2,"score":0.31929999589920044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74909509","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10387","display_name":"Gerontology","level":1,"score":0.313400000333786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780250136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1816067","display_name":"Physical activity level","level":3,"score":0.31049999594688416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198477413","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7647069","display_name":"Survey data collection","level":2,"score":0.30730000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.29490000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017944768","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1450463","display_name":"Poison control","level":2,"score":0.29429998993873596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205300905","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q63100","display_name":"Urban design","level":3,"score":0.2865999937057495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780814631","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2822691","display_name":"Walkability","level":3,"score":0.27459999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166735990","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1750812","display_name":"Human factors and ergonomics","level":3,"score":0.2651999890804291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910751579","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q968907","display_name":"Outdoor activity","level":3,"score":0.25929999351501465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25343380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q277521","display_name":"Relation (database)","level":2,"score":0.2578999996185303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.2572999894618988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59364581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q747810","display_name":"Questionnaire","level":2,"score":0.2554999887943268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778384698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7835961","display_name":"Travel survey","level":3,"score":0.2533999979496002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187155963","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q629029","display_name":"Occupational safety and health","level":2,"score":0.25290000438690186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134560507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q753291","display_name":"Environmental economics","level":1,"score":0.2515000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75630572","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q538904","display_name":"Applied psychology","level":1,"score":0.25040000677108765}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000076624","descriptor_name":"Built Environment","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000091542","descriptor_name":"Neighborhood Characteristics","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003430","descriptor_name":"Cross-Sectional Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004779","descriptor_name":"Environment Design","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011795","descriptor_name":"Surveys and Questionnaires","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012111","descriptor_name":"Residence Characteristics","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015444","descriptor_name":"Exercise","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016138","descriptor_name":"Walking","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D056910","descriptor_name":"Republic of Korea","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3389/fpubh.2026.1923137","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2026.1923137","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2026.1923137","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/public-health/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2026.1923137/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2595931848","display_name":"Frontiers in Public Health","issn_l":"2296-2565","issn":["2296-2565"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Public Health","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:42799146","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42799146","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in public health","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:13614116","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13614116/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Front Public Health","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:da4677355f744021a5dee6d005168b3f","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/da4677355f744021a5dee6d005168b3f","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Public Health, Vol 14 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fpubh.2026.1923137","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2026.1923137","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2026.1923137","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/public-health/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2026.1923137/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2595931848","display_name":"Frontiers in Public Health","issn_l":"2296-2565","issn":["2296-2565"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Public Health","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"},{"score":0.9391000270843506,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321408","display_name":"Ministry of Education","ror":"https://ror.org/01p262204"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/013aysd81"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7208717191.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7208717191.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":42,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W86635120","https://openalex.org/W202456592","https://openalex.org/W1966514525","https://openalex.org/W1984845060","https://openalex.org/W1989242518","https://openalex.org/W2002329437","https://openalex.org/W2003870261","https://openalex.org/W2004341169","https://openalex.org/W2005544339","https://openalex.org/W2008629451","https://openalex.org/W2026169687","https://openalex.org/W2035882378","https://openalex.org/W2043614425","https://openalex.org/W2044221403","https://openalex.org/W2046078150","https://openalex.org/W2067136672","https://openalex.org/W2100228478","https://openalex.org/W2101834443","https://openalex.org/W2103613143","https://openalex.org/W2105866098","https://openalex.org/W2109912375","https://openalex.org/W2115569288","https://openalex.org/W2136607008","https://openalex.org/W2139886755","https://openalex.org/W2143696727","https://openalex.org/W2147726063","https://openalex.org/W2154077034","https://openalex.org/W2161615337","https://openalex.org/W2168339025","https://openalex.org/W2171129594","https://openalex.org/W2171405196","https://openalex.org/W2323455124","https://openalex.org/W2781489372","https://openalex.org/W2965472248","https://openalex.org/W3039934046","https://openalex.org/W3091957584","https://openalex.org/W3108106255","https://openalex.org/W3207094408","https://openalex.org/W4399993456","https://openalex.org/W4407983510","https://openalex.org/W4409782990","https://openalex.org/W7125549203"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2810618561","https://openalex.org/W4213335090","https://openalex.org/W3001225598","https://openalex.org/W7127123279","https://openalex.org/W4318218922","https://openalex.org/W2028347412","https://openalex.org/W7120473445","https://openalex.org/W2143071615","https://openalex.org/W4391677222","https://openalex.org/W2040230500"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Introduction":[0],"Pedestrian":[1],"accessibility":[2,24,90,139,198,245],"to":[3,43,84,91,162,273],"neighborhood":[4,92,108],"infrastructure":[5,288],"is":[6,16,277],"associated":[7,205,219,233,278],"with":[8,206,220,235,251,279,297],"Physical":[9,183,237],"Activity":[10,184,238],"(PA),":[11],"yet":[12],"the":[13,86,134,181,242,262,280,298,307,326],"built":[14],"environment":[15],"often":[17],"evaluated":[18],"as":[19,120,292],"separate":[20,299],"facility":[21,54,68],"types,":[22],"while":[23,73],"measures":[25],"may":[26],"not":[27],"jointly":[28],"capture":[29],"population":[30,71],"demand":[31,72],"and":[32,56,94,116,130,170,199,215,229,255,267,283,324],"topographic":[33],"walking":[34,75],"burden.":[35],"This":[36],"study":[37],"therefore":[38],"examined":[39],"PA":[40,96,200,207,336],"in":[41,101,222,312],"relation":[42],"a":[44,58,121,148,270,293,310],"composite":[45,243],"Active":[46],"Living":[47],"Infrastructure":[48],"(ALI)":[49],"measure":[50],"that":[51,269,333],"integrates":[52],"five":[53],"types":[55,106],"applies":[57],"Topography-Sensitive":[59],"Two-Step":[60],"Floating":[61],"Catchment":[62],"Area":[63],"(T-S2SFCA)":[64],"model,":[65,137],"which":[66],"weighs":[67],"supply":[69],"against":[70],"adjusting":[74],"distance":[76],"for":[77,321],"slope.":[78],"Methods":[79],"The":[80,156,188],"model":[81],"was":[82,140],"applied":[83],"examine":[85],"relationship":[87],"between":[88,196],"pedestrian":[89],"facilities":[93,217,323],"multilevel":[95],"behavior":[97],"among":[98],"adult":[99],"residents":[100],"Seongnam,":[102],"South":[103],"Korea.":[104],"Five":[105],"of":[107,194,265,286,301,309,329],"amenities\u2014retail,":[109],"community,":[110],"public":[111,114],"green":[112,213],"spaces,":[113],"transit,":[115],"sports":[117,228],"facilities\u2014were":[118],"conceptualized":[119],"single":[122],"interdependent":[123],"ALI":[124,202,244,266,331],"system":[125],"supporting":[126],"daily":[127],"mobility,":[128],"leisure,":[129],"structured":[131],"exercise.":[132],"Using":[133],"proposed":[135],"T-S2SFCA":[136],"spatial":[138],"calculated":[141],"across":[142,176,337],"1,580":[143],"residential":[144],"grid":[145],"cells":[146],"at":[147,208],"high-resolution":[149],"250":[150,153],"m":[151,154],"\u00d7":[152],"scale.":[155],"resulting":[157],"indices":[158],"were":[159,204,218,232],"then":[160],"linked":[161],"cross-sectional":[163],"survey":[164],"data":[165],"(":[166],"N":[167],"=":[168],"555)":[169],"analyzed":[171],"using":[172],"multinomial":[173],"logistic":[174],"regression":[175],"activity":[177,210,224],"levels":[178],"derived":[179],"from":[180,317],"International":[182],"Questionnaire":[185],"(IPAQ).":[186],"Results":[187],"empirical":[189],"findings":[190,305],"revealed":[191],"distinct":[192],"patterns":[193],"association":[195],"facility-specific":[197],"levels.":[201,211,225,257],"components":[203],"different":[209],"Public":[212],"spaces":[214],"retail":[216],"participation":[221],"both":[223,252],"By":[226],"contrast,":[227],"community":[230],"venues":[231],"exclusively":[234],"Health-Enhancing":[236],"(HEPA).":[239],"When":[240],"integrated,":[241],"index":[246],"exhibited":[247],"robust":[248],"positive":[249],"associations":[250],"minimally":[253],"active":[254,275],"HEPA":[256],"Conclusion":[258],"These":[259,304],"results":[260],"support":[261,334],"systemic":[263],"conceptualization":[264],"suggest":[268,306],"neighborhood\u2019s":[271],"capacity":[272],"accommodate":[274],"living":[276],"synergetic":[281],"composition":[282],"functional":[284],"complementarity":[285],"multiple":[287],"elements":[289],"working":[290],"together":[291],"whole":[294],"rather":[295],"than":[296],"aggregation":[300],"isolated":[302],"destinations.":[303],"value":[308],"shift":[311],"healthy":[313],"city":[314],"planning,":[315],"away":[316],"baseline":[318],"proximity":[319],"quotas":[320],"individual":[322],"toward":[325],"coordinated":[327],"development":[328],"cohesive":[330],"networks":[332],"routine":[335],"complex":[338],"terrains.":[339]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2026-09-05T00:00:00"}