{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7207765249","doi":"https://doi.org/10.33687/ijae.014.02.6227","title":"Local sales channels, market information gaps and support needs among shea market actors in Uganda","display_name":"Local sales channels, market information gaps and support needs among shea market actors in Uganda","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-08-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7207765249","doi":"https://doi.org/10.33687/ijae.014.02.6227"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.33687/ijae.014.02.6227","doi":"https://doi.org/10.33687/ijae.014.02.6227","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.33687/ijae.014.02.6227","pdf_url":"https://esciencepress.net/journals/IJAE/article/download/6227/3261","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210198326","display_name":"International Journal of Agricultural Extension","issn_l":"2311-6110","issn":["2311-6110","2311-8547"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["poland-20","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319982","host_organization_name":"Science Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319982"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Science Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Agricultural Extension","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://esciencepress.net/journals/IJAE/article/download/6227/3261","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016087590","display_name":"Robert Ochago","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9814-0313","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9814-0313"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3132109944","display_name":"Muni University","ror":"https://ror.org/04wr6mz63","country_code":"UG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3132109944"]}],"countries":["UG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert Ochago","raw_affiliation_strings":["Muni University, P.O. Box 725, Arua City, Uganda"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Muni University, P.O. Box 725, Arua City, Uganda","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3132109944"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5149920292","display_name":"Alfred Drasiku","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alfred Drasiku","raw_affiliation_strings":["Community Empowerment for Rural Development (CEFORD), P.O. Box 303, Arua City,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Community Empowerment for Rural Development (CEFORD), P.O. Box 303, Arua City,","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.5587789,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"2","first_page":"135","last_page":"143"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10367","display_name":"Agricultural Innovations and Practices","score":0.8345000147819519,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1100","display_name":"General Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10367","display_name":"Agricultural Innovations and Practices","score":0.8345000147819519,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1100","display_name":"General Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13010","display_name":"Agriculture and Agroindustry Studies","score":0.10010000318288803,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1100","display_name":"General Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11898","display_name":"Economics of Agriculture and Food Markets","score":0.0284000001847744,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sales-channels","display_name":"sales channels","score":0.8730000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/access-to-market-information","display_name":"market information access","score":0.824999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/marketing-support","display_name":"marketing support","score":0.7170000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/small-scale-producers","display_name":"small producers","score":0.6480000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/peer-information","display_name":"peer information","score":0.5419999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/marketing-training","display_name":"marketing training","score":0.5839999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/value-chain","display_name":"value chain","score":0.5659999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/marketing-services","display_name":"marketing services","score":0.32499998807907104}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776640315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7315941","display_name":"Respondent","level":2,"score":0.8174999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.680899977684021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.6032999753952026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27564746","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q913709","display_name":"Market research","level":2,"score":0.46790000796318054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16051113","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q828814","display_name":"Market share","level":2,"score":0.41839998960494995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777267654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3519023","display_name":"Test (biology)","level":2,"score":0.3707999885082245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182306322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779371","display_name":"Order (exchange)","level":2,"score":0.36980000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119008658","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17162779","display_name":"Nonmarket forces","level":3,"score":0.3555999994277954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179036041","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1901028","display_name":"Market analysis","level":2,"score":0.35030001401901245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777481183","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6770787","display_name":"Market access","level":3,"score":0.3407999873161316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779713992","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2559581","display_name":"Market concentration","level":3,"score":0.3255999982357025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20879000","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q396131","display_name":"Agricultural marketing","level":4,"score":0.3231000006198883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48891531","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1141436","display_name":"Marketing research","level":2,"score":0.29510000348091125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198477413","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7647069","display_name":"Survey data collection","level":2,"score":0.29260000586509705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182462393","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6770843","display_name":"Market system","level":2,"score":0.26440000534057617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155739000","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q877707","display_name":"Market structure","level":2,"score":0.2597000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C536005652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q677073","display_name":"Direct marketing","level":2,"score":0.2572000026702881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51926234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3312426","display_name":"Market microstructure","level":3,"score":0.25440001487731934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146937435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4025911","display_name":"Marketing effectiveness","level":4,"score":0.25380000472068787}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.33687/ijae.014.02.6227","doi":"https://doi.org/10.33687/ijae.014.02.6227","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.33687/ijae.014.02.6227","pdf_url":"https://esciencepress.net/journals/IJAE/article/download/6227/3261","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210198326","display_name":"International Journal of Agricultural Extension","issn_l":"2311-6110","issn":["2311-6110","2311-8547"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["poland-20","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319982","host_organization_name":"Science Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319982"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Science Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Agricultural Extension","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:esciencepress.net:journals:article/6227","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://esciencepress.net/journals/IJAE/article/view/6227","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210198326","display_name":"International Journal of Agricultural Extension","issn_l":"2311-6110","issn":["2311-6110","2311-8547"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["poland-20","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319982","host_organization_name":"Science Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319982"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Science Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2311-8547","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.33687/ijae.014.02.6227","doi":"https://doi.org/10.33687/ijae.014.02.6227","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.33687/ijae.014.02.6227","pdf_url":"https://esciencepress.net/journals/IJAE/article/download/6227/3261","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210198326","display_name":"International Journal of Agricultural Extension","issn_l":"2311-6110","issn":["2311-6110","2311-8547"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["poland-20","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319982","host_organization_name":"Science Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319982"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Science Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Agricultural Extension","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","display_name":"Zero hunger","score":0.5666999816894531}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7207765249.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7207765249.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1969853248","https://openalex.org/W1984921853","https://openalex.org/W1989554196","https://openalex.org/W1990886477","https://openalex.org/W2079226079","https://openalex.org/W2153537098","https://openalex.org/W2165160074","https://openalex.org/W4327629220","https://openalex.org/W4401261050","https://openalex.org/W4402968440","https://openalex.org/W7169725633"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7169725633","https://openalex.org/W4402968440","https://openalex.org/W7132855441","https://openalex.org/W2029799158","https://openalex.org/W4239323860","https://openalex.org/W6989582110","https://openalex.org/W2188248281","https://openalex.org/W2944303281","https://openalex.org/W4401261050","https://openalex.org/W1951605270"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Small-scale":[0],"market":[1,35,62,96,101,107,113,204,212],"actors":[2,36,44,97,102,114,213],"may":[3],"participate":[4],"in":[5,45,59],"markets":[6,89],"while":[7],"relying":[8],"on":[9,123,186],"narrow":[10],"outlets,":[11,183],"informal":[12],"information":[13,63,188],"and":[14,25,73,86,126,136,144,189,209],"limited":[15,190],"marketing":[16,26,134,138,207],"services.":[17,194],"This":[18],"study":[19],"describes":[20],"sales":[21,80],"channels,":[22],"market-information":[23],"access":[24,149],"support":[27,139],"among":[28,109],"111":[29],"respondents":[30],"classified":[31],"as":[32,129],"Shea":[33],"nilotica":[34],"within":[37],"a":[38,60,74,130],"cross-sectional":[39],"survey":[40],"of":[41],"266":[42],"value-chain":[43],"Arilo":[46],"Sub":[47],"County,":[48],"Uganda.":[49],"Multiple-response":[50],"items":[51],"were":[52,90,140],"aggregated":[53],"at":[54],"respondent":[55],"level.":[56],"Parish":[57],"variation":[58],"three-category":[61],"measure":[64],"was":[65,178],"examined":[66],"with":[67,115],"Pearson's":[68],"chi-square":[69],"test,":[70],"Cram\u00e9r's":[71,163],"V":[72,164],"fixed-margin":[75],"Monte":[76,168],"Carlo":[77,169],"check.":[78],"Direct":[79],"to":[81,202,214],"local":[82,87],"buyers":[83],"or":[84,117],"consumers":[85],"community":[88,127],"each":[91],"reported":[92,146],"by":[93,151,180],"110":[94],"shea":[95,100,112,211],"(99%).":[98],"Seventy-one":[99],"(64%)":[103],"had":[104],"no":[105],"current":[106,116],"information;":[108],"the":[110,167],"40":[111],"intermittent":[118],"information,":[119,205],"34":[120],"(85.0%)":[121],"relied":[122],"fellow":[124],"producers":[125],"networks":[128],"source.":[131],"Organization":[132],"membership,":[133],"training":[135],"external":[137],"uncommon:":[141],"90%,":[142],"97%":[143],"99%":[145],"none.":[147],"Market-information":[148],"differed":[150],"parish,":[152],"\u03c7\u00b2":[153],"(4,":[154],"N":[155],"=":[156,158,161,165,173],"111)":[157],"17.24,":[159],"p":[160,172],".0017,":[162],".279;":[166],"procedure":[170],"produced":[171],".0019.":[174],"The":[175],"seller":[176],"group":[177],"characterized":[179],"highly":[181],"localized":[182],"heavy":[184],"reliance":[185],"peer":[187],"reach":[191],"for":[192],"formal":[193],"Agriculture":[195],"extension":[196],"programmes":[197],"should":[198],"test":[199],"practical":[200],"ways":[201],"verify":[203],"strengthen":[206],"skills":[208],"connect":[210],"additional":[215],"buyers.":[216]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2026-09-04T00:00:00"}