{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7207614742","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2026.1866650","title":"From benchmarking to global leadership: Singapore\u2019s health sciences authority\u2019s journey to WHO maturity level 4 and WHO-Listed Authority status for medicines","display_name":"From benchmarking to global leadership: Singapore\u2019s health sciences authority\u2019s journey to WHO maturity level 4 and WHO-Listed Authority status for medicines","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-09-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7207614742","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2026.1866650","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42756204","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/13582456"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fmed.2026.1866650","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2026.1866650","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2026.1866650","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/medicine/articles/10.3389/fmed.2026.1866650/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2597052008","display_name":"Frontiers in Medicine","issn_l":"2296-858X","issn":["2296-858X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/medicine/articles/10.3389/fmed.2026.1866650/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091578427","display_name":"Dorothy Toh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9632-9702","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9632-9702"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799333108","display_name":"Health Sciences Authority","ror":"https://ror.org/02ybkn114","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291357265","https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Dorothy Toh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Health Sciences Authority"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Health Sciences Authority","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013651029","display_name":"Adena Theen Lim","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799333108","display_name":"Health Sciences Authority","ror":"https://ror.org/02ybkn114","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291357265","https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Adena Lim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Health Sciences Authority"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Health Sciences Authority","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5149660204","display_name":"Agnes Chan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799333108","display_name":"Health Sciences Authority","ror":"https://ror.org/02ybkn114","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291357265","https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Agnes Chan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Health Sciences Authority"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Health Sciences Authority","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5159399564","display_name":"Alvin Chia","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799333108","display_name":"Health Sciences Authority","ror":"https://ror.org/02ybkn114","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291357265","https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alvin Chia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Health Sciences Authority"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Health Sciences Authority","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024938003","display_name":"Pei San Ang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7484-5514","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7484-5514"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799333108","display_name":"Health Sciences Authority","ror":"https://ror.org/02ybkn114","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291357265","https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pei San Ang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Health Sciences Authority"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Health Sciences Authority","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114135907","display_name":"Annie Tan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799333108","display_name":"Health Sciences Authority","ror":"https://ror.org/02ybkn114","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291357265","https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Annie Tan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Health Sciences Authority"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Health Sciences Authority","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5119043654","display_name":"Belinda Foo","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799333108","display_name":"Health Sciences Authority","ror":"https://ror.org/02ybkn114","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291357265","https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Belinda Foo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Health Sciences Authority"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Health Sciences Authority","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5149812217","display_name":"Betty Chan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799333108","display_name":"Health Sciences Authority","ror":"https://ror.org/02ybkn114","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291357265","https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Betty Chan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Health Sciences Authority"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Health Sciences Authority","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5149537949","display_name":"Limei Chong","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799333108","display_name":"Health Sciences Authority","ror":"https://ror.org/02ybkn114","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291357265","https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Limei Chong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Health Sciences Authority"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Health Sciences Authority","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5149867180","display_name":"Qiuyi Choo","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799333108","display_name":"Health Sciences Authority","ror":"https://ror.org/02ybkn114","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291357265","https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qiuyi Choo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Health Sciences Authority"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Health Sciences Authority","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064336233","display_name":"Chih Tzer Choong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5272-5439","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5272-5439"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799333108","display_name":"Health Sciences Authority","ror":"https://ror.org/02ybkn114","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291357265","https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chih Tzer Choong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Health Sciences Authority"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Health Sciences Authority","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5149665689","display_name":"Christine Ho","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799333108","display_name":"Health Sciences Authority","ror":"https://ror.org/02ybkn114","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291357265","https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christine Ho","raw_affiliation_strings":["Health Sciences Authority"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Health Sciences Authority","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016772800","display_name":"Siew Wei Chua","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799333108","display_name":"Health Sciences Authority","ror":"https://ror.org/02ybkn114","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291357265","https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Siew Wei Chua","raw_affiliation_strings":["Health Sciences Authority"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Health Sciences Authority","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010414112","display_name":"Shin Chet Chuah","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799333108","display_name":"Health Sciences Authority","ror":"https://ror.org/02ybkn114","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291357265","https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shin Chet Chuah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Health Sciences Authority"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Health Sciences Authority","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5149843603","display_name":"Clare Louise Rodrigues","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799333108","display_name":"Health Sciences Authority","ror":"https://ror.org/02ybkn114","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291357265","https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Clare Louise Rodrigues","raw_affiliation_strings":["Health Sciences Authority"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Health Sciences Authority","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058770812","display_name":"Damian Chuah","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799333108","display_name":"Health Sciences Authority","ror":"https://ror.org/02ybkn114","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291357265","https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Damian Chuah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Health Sciences Authority"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Health Sciences Authority","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5149644657","display_name":"Debbie Sun","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799333108","display_name":"Health Sciences Authority","ror":"https://ror.org/02ybkn114","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291357265","https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Debbie Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Health Sciences Authority"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Health Sciences Authority","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5149661628","display_name":"Diana Koh","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799333108","display_name":"Health Sciences Authority","ror":"https://ror.org/02ybkn114","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291357265","https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Diana Koh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Health Sciences Authority"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Health Sciences Authority","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5149465957","display_name":"Doris Yeo","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799333108","display_name":"Health Sciences Authority","ror":"https://ror.org/02ybkn114","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291357265","https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Doris Yeo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Health Sciences Authority"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Health Sciences Authority","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5149468457","display_name":"Esther Tan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799333108","display_name":"Health Sciences Authority","ror":"https://ror.org/02ybkn114","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291357265","https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Esther Tan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Health Sciences Authority"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Health Sciences Authority","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046242718","display_name":"Eugene Goh","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799333108","display_name":"Health Sciences Authority","ror":"https://ror.org/02ybkn114","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291357265","https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eugene Goh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Health Sciences Authority"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Health Sciences Authority","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082201115","display_name":"Evelyn Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4434-1304","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4434-1304"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799333108","display_name":"Health Sciences Authority","ror":"https://ror.org/02ybkn114","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291357265","https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Evelyn Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Health Sciences Authority"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Health Sciences Authority","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5149892487","display_name":"Flavian Ee","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799333108","display_name":"Health Sciences Authority","ror":"https://ror.org/02ybkn114","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291357265","https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Flavian Ee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Health Sciences Authority"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Health Sciences Authority","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052357271","display_name":"Freddie Foo","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799333108","display_name":"Health Sciences Authority","ror":"https://ror.org/02ybkn114","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291357265","https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Freddie Foo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Health Sciences Authority"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Health Sciences Authority","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103102915","display_name":"Xiaowei Ge","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4504-4248","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4504-4248"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799333108","display_name":"Health Sciences Authority","ror":"https://ror.org/02ybkn114","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291357265","https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiao Wei Ge","raw_affiliation_strings":["Health Sciences Authority"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Health Sciences Authority","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108255767","display_name":"Cheong Hian Goh","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799333108","display_name":"Health Sciences Authority","ror":"https://ror.org/02ybkn114","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291357265","https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cheong Hian Goh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Health Sciences Authority"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Health Sciences Authority","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109170388","display_name":"Phey Yen Han","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799333108","display_name":"Health Sciences Authority","ror":"https://ror.org/02ybkn114","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291357265","https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Phey Yen Han","raw_affiliation_strings":["Health Sciences Authority"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Health Sciences Authority","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061585053","display_name":"Jalene Wang Woon Poh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2126-2144","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2126-2144"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799333108","display_name":"Health Sciences Authority","ror":"https://ror.org/02ybkn114","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291357265","https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jalene Poh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Health Sciences Authority"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Health Sciences Authority","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5149689696","display_name":"Jean Low","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799333108","display_name":"Health Sciences Authority","ror":"https://ror.org/02ybkn114","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291357265","https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jean Low","raw_affiliation_strings":["Health Sciences Authority"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Health Sciences Authority","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5094151052","display_name":"Jessica Teo","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799333108","display_name":"Health Sciences Authority","ror":"https://ror.org/02ybkn114","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291357265","https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jessica Teo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Health Sciences Authority"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Health Sciences Authority","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5149617732","display_name":"Joyce Ng","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799333108","display_name":"Health Sciences Authority","ror":"https://ror.org/02ybkn114","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291357265","https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joyce Ng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Health Sciences Authority"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Health Sciences Authority","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5149562885","display_name":"Weng Fai Lai","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799333108","display_name":"Health Sciences Authority","ror":"https://ror.org/02ybkn114","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291357265","https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weng Fai Lai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Health Sciences Authority"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Health Sciences Authority","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5149771307","display_name":"Hui Keng Lee","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799333108","display_name":"Health Sciences Authority","ror":"https://ror.org/02ybkn114","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291357265","https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hui Keng Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Health Sciences Authority"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Health Sciences Authority","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5149568482","display_name":"Boon Kian Lim","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799333108","display_name":"Health Sciences Authority","ror":"https://ror.org/02ybkn114","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291357265","https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Boon Kian Lim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Health Sciences Authority"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Health Sciences Authority","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5149931594","display_name":"Li Lian Lim","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799333108","display_name":"Health Sciences Authority","ror":"https://ror.org/02ybkn114","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291357265","https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Li Lian Lim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Health Sciences Authority"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Health Sciences Authority","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5149890778","display_name":"Na Lim","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799333108","display_name":"Health Sciences Authority","ror":"https://ror.org/02ybkn114","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291357265","https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Na Lim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Health Sciences Authority"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Health Sciences Authority","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5149866060","display_name":"Sharon Lin","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799333108","display_name":"Health Sciences Authority","ror":"https://ror.org/02ybkn114","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291357265","https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sharon Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Health Sciences Authority"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Health Sciences Authority","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5149639958","display_name":"Boon Lee Ling","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799333108","display_name":"Health Sciences Authority","ror":"https://ror.org/02ybkn114","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291357265","https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Boon Lee Ling","raw_affiliation_strings":["Health Sciences Authority"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Health Sciences Authority","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5149553031","display_name":"Lisa Tan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799333108","display_name":"Health Sciences Authority","ror":"https://ror.org/02ybkn114","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291357265","https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lisa Tan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Health Sciences Authority"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Health Sciences Authority","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010227748","display_name":"Yee Hoo Looi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799333108","display_name":"Health Sciences Authority","ror":"https://ror.org/02ybkn114","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291357265","https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yee Hoo Looi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Health Sciences Authority"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Health Sciences Authority","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031615790","display_name":"Min Yong Low","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799333108","display_name":"Health Sciences Authority","ror":"https://ror.org/02ybkn114","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291357265","https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Min Yong Low","raw_affiliation_strings":["Health Sciences Authority"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Health Sciences Authority","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5149793723","display_name":"Michael Limenta","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799333108","display_name":"Health Sciences Authority","ror":"https://ror.org/02ybkn114","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291357265","https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael Limenta","raw_affiliation_strings":["Health Sciences Authority"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Health Sciences Authority","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5149507427","display_name":"Liong Thiam Ng","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799333108","display_name":"Health Sciences Authority","ror":"https://ror.org/02ybkn114","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291357265","https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liong Thiam Ng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Health Sciences Authority"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Health Sciences Authority","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5120375592","display_name":"Shu Yi Ong","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799333108","display_name":"Health Sciences Authority","ror":"https://ror.org/02ybkn114","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291357265","https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shu Yi Ong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Health Sciences Authority"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Health Sciences Authority","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104256470","display_name":"Li Fung Peck","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799333108","display_name":"Health Sciences Authority","ror":"https://ror.org/02ybkn114","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291357265","https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Li Fung Peck","raw_affiliation_strings":["Health Sciences Authority"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Health Sciences Authority","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013612073","display_name":"Sally Bee Leng Soh","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799333108","display_name":"Health Sciences Authority","ror":"https://ror.org/02ybkn114","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291357265","https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sally Soh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Health Sciences Authority"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Health Sciences Authority","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062012384","display_name":"Tzer Jing Seng","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799333108","display_name":"Health Sciences Authority","ror":"https://ror.org/02ybkn114","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291357265","https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tzer Jing Seng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Health Sciences Authority"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Health Sciences Authority","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5149689597","display_name":"Shinta","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799333108","display_name":"Health Sciences Authority","ror":"https://ror.org/02ybkn114","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291357265","https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shinta","raw_affiliation_strings":["Health Sciences Authority"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Health Sciences Authority","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000037518","display_name":"Sumitra Sachidanandan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799333108","display_name":"Health Sciences Authority","ror":"https://ror.org/02ybkn114","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291357265","https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sumitra Sachidanandan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Health Sciences Authority"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Health Sciences Authority","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5149913404","display_name":"Xiu Wei Soh","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799333108","display_name":"Health Sciences Authority","ror":"https://ror.org/02ybkn114","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291357265","https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiu Wei Soh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Health Sciences Authority"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Health Sciences Authority","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5149949993","display_name":"Sue Kim Tan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799333108","display_name":"Health Sciences Authority","ror":"https://ror.org/02ybkn114","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291357265","https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sue Kim Tan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Health Sciences Authority"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Health Sciences Authority","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5149931268","display_name":"Xuhua Tang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799333108","display_name":"Health Sciences Authority","ror":"https://ror.org/02ybkn114","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291357265","https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xuhua Tang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Health Sciences Authority"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Health Sciences Authority","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034749972","display_name":"Mun Yee Tham","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9460-8060","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9460-8060"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799333108","display_name":"Health Sciences Authority","ror":"https://ror.org/02ybkn114","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291357265","https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mun Yee Tham","raw_affiliation_strings":["Health Sciences Authority"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Health Sciences Authority","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5120070558","display_name":"Tiong Toh","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799333108","display_name":"Health Sciences Authority","ror":"https://ror.org/02ybkn114","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291357265","https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tiong Toh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Health Sciences Authority"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Health Sciences Authority","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5149862970","display_name":"Valerie Gan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799333108","display_name":"Health Sciences Authority","ror":"https://ror.org/02ybkn114","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291357265","https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Valerie Gan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Health Sciences Authority"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Health Sciences Authority","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5120359299","display_name":"Valerie Lai","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799333108","display_name":"Health Sciences Authority","ror":"https://ror.org/02ybkn114","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291357265","https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Valerie Lai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Health Sciences Authority"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Health Sciences Authority","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5149564291","display_name":"Yimin Xu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799333108","display_name":"Health Sciences Authority","ror":"https://ror.org/02ybkn114","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291357265","https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yimin Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Health Sciences Authority"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Health Sciences Authority","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5149688656","display_name":"Silin Yang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799333108","display_name":"Health Sciences Authority","ror":"https://ror.org/02ybkn114","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291357265","https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Silin Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Health Sciences Authority"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Health Sciences Authority","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075058149","display_name":"Weilong Yeo","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799333108","display_name":"Health Sciences Authority","ror":"https://ror.org/02ybkn114","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291357265","https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weilong Yeo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Health Sciences Authority"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Health Sciences Authority","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065968104","display_name":"Yean Yean Yip","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799333108","display_name":"Health Sciences Authority","ror":"https://ror.org/02ybkn114","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291357265","https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yean Yean Yip","raw_affiliation_strings":["Health Sciences Authority"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Health Sciences Authority","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004816118","display_name":"Cheng Leng Chan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799333108","display_name":"Health Sciences Authority","ror":"https://ror.org/02ybkn114","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1291357265","https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cheng Leng Chan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Health Sciences Authority"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Health Sciences Authority","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799333108"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5091578427"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799333108"],"apc_list":{"value":3150,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3801},"apc_paid":{"value":3150,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3801},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.60996865,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":null,"first_page":"1866650","last_page":"1866650"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14396","display_name":"Healthcare Regulation","score":0.9345999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14396","display_name":"Healthcare Regulation","score":0.9345999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12185","display_name":"Regulation and Compliance Studies","score":0.03200000151991844,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3321","display_name":"Public Administration"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13417","display_name":"Biomedical Ethics and Regulation","score":0.008100000210106373,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2910","display_name":"Issues, ethics and legal aspects"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/29","display_name":"Nursing"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drug-regulation","display_name":"drug regulation","score":0.7279999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regulatory-benchmarking","display_name":"regulatory benchmarking","score":0.7680000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regulatory-performance-evaluation","display_name":"regulatory performance evaluation","score":0.781000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regulatory-governance","display_name":"regulatory governance","score":0.7789999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/international-regulatory-cooperation","display_name":"international regulatory cooperation","score":0.6449999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regulatory-credibility","display_name":"regulatory credibility","score":0.46000000834465027}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86251818","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816754","display_name":"Benchmarking","level":2,"score":0.8971999883651733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101433766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3543263","display_name":"Maturity (psychological)","level":2,"score":0.6062999963760376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778012447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1034415","display_name":"Scope (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.5782999992370605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138816342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189603","display_name":"Public health","level":2,"score":0.4832000136375427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.4169999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777146004","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14949826","display_name":"CLARITY","level":2,"score":0.4088999927043915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779820595","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q798505","display_name":"Listing (finance)","level":2,"score":0.3986000120639801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85890633","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q929673","display_name":"Capability Maturity Model","level":3,"score":0.3926999866962433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48243021","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932522","display_name":"Strategic planning","level":2,"score":0.39169999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.38940000534057617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184356942","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830382","display_name":"Best practice","level":2,"score":0.36039999127388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3116431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31728","display_name":"Public administration","level":1,"score":0.3465000092983246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.34380000829696655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27548731","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q88272","display_name":"Investment (military)","level":3,"score":0.33250001072883606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47344431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1519812","display_name":"Health policy","level":3,"score":0.3312999904155731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195094911","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14167904","display_name":"Process management","level":1,"score":0.32919999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46578552","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2725393","display_name":"Global health","level":3,"score":0.3125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109986646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q546113","display_name":"Public policy","level":2,"score":0.2865000069141388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.27459999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780210234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q422638","display_name":"Action plan","level":2,"score":0.26420000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121955636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4116214","display_name":"Accounting","level":1,"score":0.26109999418258667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193395930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3247219","display_name":"International health","level":4,"score":0.25519999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777351259","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7309700","display_name":"Regulatory reform","level":2,"score":0.2515999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122637931","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118084","display_name":"Unit (ring theory)","level":2,"score":0.250900000333786}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3389/fmed.2026.1866650","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2026.1866650","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2026.1866650","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/medicine/articles/10.3389/fmed.2026.1866650/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2597052008","display_name":"Frontiers in Medicine","issn_l":"2296-858X","issn":["2296-858X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:13582456","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13582456/","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13582456/pdf/fmed-13-1866650.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Front Med (Lausanne)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:42756204","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42756204","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in medicine","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:c7b1383394c643bd86e3fac59f034b81","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/c7b1383394c643bd86e3fac59f034b81","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Medicine, Vol 13 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fmed.2026.1866650","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2026.1866650","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2026.1866650","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/medicine/articles/10.3389/fmed.2026.1866650/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2597052008","display_name":"Frontiers in Medicine","issn_l":"2296-858X","issn":["2296-858X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.829800009727478,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7207614742.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7207614742.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":2,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W4402723107","https://openalex.org/W4405419994"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4402723107","https://openalex.org/W4409102171","https://openalex.org/W4403376070","https://openalex.org/W4415588823","https://openalex.org/W3056551509","https://openalex.org/W2922178365","https://openalex.org/W3048872753","https://openalex.org/W3207599934","https://openalex.org/W4401310487","https://openalex.org/W4296926268"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"article":[1,106],"aims":[2],"to":[3,12,83,163,167],"describe":[4],"Singapore":[5],"Health":[6,15],"Sciences":[7],"Authority's":[8],"(HSA's)":[9],"multi-year":[10],"journey":[11],"attaining":[13,179],"World":[14],"Organisation":[16],"(WHO)":[17],"Maturity":[18],"Level":[19],"4":[20],"(ML4)":[21],"and":[22,50,57,69,75,95,126,137,161,170,180,192,205],"WHO-Listed":[23],"Authority":[24],"(WLA)":[25],"status":[26],"for":[27,86],"medicines":[28],"regulatory":[29,103,124,146,153,183,196],"functions,":[30],"presenting":[31],"HSA":[32,77],"as":[33,195],"a":[34],"descriptive":[35],"policy":[36],"case":[37],"study":[38],"on":[39,199],"the":[40,44,55,63,79,91,108],"practical":[41],"application":[42],"of":[43,65,144],"WHO":[45],"Global":[46],"Benchmarking":[47],"Tool":[48],"(GBT)":[49],"WLA":[51,92,98,138],"frameworks.":[52],"It":[53],"outlines":[54],"benchmarking":[56],"Performance":[58,93],"Evaluation":[59,94],"(PE)":[60],"processes,":[61],"including":[62,115],"scope":[64],"assessment,":[66],"phased":[67],"reviews,":[68],"key":[70],"milestones":[71],"achieved":[72],"between":[73],"2021":[74],"2024.":[76],"became":[78],"first":[80],"regulator":[81],"globally":[82],"achieve":[84],"ML4":[85,136],"medicines,":[87],"before":[88],"progressing":[89],"through":[90],"eventually":[96],"securing":[97],"listing":[99],"across":[100],"all":[101],"medicines'":[102],"functions.":[104],"The":[105,132],"examines":[107],"institutional":[109],"factors":[110],"that":[111,135,151,178],"enabled":[112],"these":[113],"achievements,":[114],"strong":[116],"governance,":[117],"sustained":[118],"leadership":[119],"commitment,":[120],"technical":[121],"expertise,":[122],"digitalised":[123],"workflows,":[125],"close":[127],"engagement":[128],"with":[129],"international":[130,156],"partners.":[131],"findings":[133],"highlight":[134],"recognition":[139],"are":[140],"not":[141],"merely":[142],"markers":[143],"national":[145],"excellence,":[147],"but":[148],"strategic":[149],"enablers":[150],"strengthen":[152],"credibility,":[154],"support":[155],"reliance":[157],"by":[158],"other":[159],"authorities,":[160],"contribute":[162],"more":[164],"timely":[165],"access":[166],"safe,":[168],"effective,":[169],"quality-assured":[171],"health":[172],"products.":[173],"HSA's":[174],"experience":[175],"also":[176],"underscores":[177],"sustaining":[181],"advanced":[182],"maturity":[184],"requires":[185],"long-term":[186],"investment":[187],"in":[188,202],"systems,":[189],"people,":[190],"oversight,":[191],"innovation,":[193],"particularly":[194],"agencies":[197],"take":[198],"broader":[200],"roles":[201],"supporting":[203],"regional":[204],"global":[206],"public":[207],"health.":[208]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2026-09-04T00:00:00"}