{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7207580644","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/superintelligence1010005","title":"Towards More Nuanced Research Designs to Study AI Adoptions: An Illustration from the Field of Music","display_name":"Towards More Nuanced Research Designs to Study AI Adoptions: An Illustration from the Field of Music","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-09-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7207580644","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/superintelligence1010005"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/superintelligence1010005","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/superintelligence1010005","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/superintelligence1010005","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407055554","display_name":"Journal of Superintelligence","issn_l":"3043-0097","issn":["3043-0097"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Superintelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/superintelligence1010005","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012564463","display_name":"Raffaella Borasi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9381-2408","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9381-2408"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5388228","display_name":"University of Rochester","ror":"https://ror.org/022kthw22","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5388228"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Raffaella Borasi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Warner School of Education, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Warner School of Education, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5388228"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064917119","display_name":"Karen J. DeAngelis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2361-4091","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2361-4091"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5388228","display_name":"University of Rochester","ror":"https://ror.org/022kthw22","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5388228"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Karen DeAngelis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Warner School of Education, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2361-4091","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Warner School of Education, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5388228"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5149743091","display_name":"Yamin Zheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-2693-325X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0005-2693-325X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5388228","display_name":"University of Rochester","ror":"https://ror.org/022kthw22","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5388228"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yamin Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Warner School of Education, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-2693-325X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Warner School of Education, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5388228"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5128314540","display_name":"Benjamin J. Guerrero","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8420-8700","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8420-8700"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201426678","display_name":"Eastern Mennonite University","ror":"https://ror.org/059xmmg10","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201426678"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Benjamin J. Guerrero","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Music, Eastern Mennonite University, Harrisonburg, VA 22802, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8420-8700","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Music, Eastern Mennonite University, Harrisonburg, VA 22802, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201426678"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112564413","display_name":"Muhammad Rash\u0131d","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-0670-5348","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0005-0670-5348"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5388228","display_name":"University of Rochester","ror":"https://ror.org/022kthw22","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5388228"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Md Mamunur Rashid","raw_affiliation_strings":["Warner School of Education, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-0670-5348","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Warner School of Education, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5388228"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"David E. Miller","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8991-9301","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8991-9301"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5388228","display_name":"University of Rochester","ror":"https://ror.org/022kthw22","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5388228"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David E. Miller","raw_affiliation_strings":["Warner School of Education, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8991-9301","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Warner School of Education, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5388228"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045303598","display_name":"Zenon Borys","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5388228","display_name":"University of Rochester","ror":"https://ror.org/022kthw22","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5388228"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zenon Borys","raw_affiliation_strings":["Warner School of Education, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Warner School of Education, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5388228"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5149913053","display_name":"Matthew Brown","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5388228","display_name":"University of Rochester","ror":"https://ror.org/022kthw22","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5388228"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Matthew Brown","raw_affiliation_strings":["Eastman School of Music, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14604, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Eastman School of Music, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14604, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5388228"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081817132","display_name":"Yu Jung Han","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2967-5517","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2967-5517"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5388228","display_name":"University of Rochester","ror":"https://ror.org/022kthw22","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5388228"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu Jung Han","raw_affiliation_strings":["Warner School of Education, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Warner School of Education, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5388228"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065688071","display_name":"Blaire Koerner","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5388228","display_name":"University of Rochester","ror":"https://ror.org/022kthw22","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5388228"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Blaire Koerner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Eastman School of Music, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14604, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Eastman School of Music, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14604, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5388228"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Rachel Roberts","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5388228","display_name":"University of Rochester","ror":"https://ror.org/022kthw22","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5388228"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rachel Roberts","raw_affiliation_strings":["Eastman School of Music, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14604, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Eastman School of Music, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14604, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5388228"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5012564463"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5388228"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"1","issue":"1","first_page":"5","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10068","display_name":"Technology Adoption and User Behaviour","score":0.8446999788284302,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1802","display_name":"Information Systems and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10068","display_name":"Technology Adoption and User Behaviour","score":0.8446999788284302,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1802","display_name":"Information Systems and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11024","display_name":"Information Systems Theories and Implementation","score":0.07010000199079514,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10525","display_name":"Human-Automation Interaction and Safety","score":0.013100000098347664,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3307","display_name":"Human Factors and Ergonomics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence-adoption","display_name":"artificial intelligence adoption","score":0.9620000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task-technology-fit","display_name":"task-technology fit","score":0.8809999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/professional-musicians","display_name":"professional musicians","score":0.9549999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/music-making","display_name":"compositional process","score":0.7940000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ai-in-music","display_name":"AI in music","score":0.5350000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/user-roles","display_name":"user roles","score":0.4259999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/study-design","display_name":"research design","score":0.5180000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/music-technology","display_name":"music technology","score":0.35600000619888306}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.6815999746322632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122980154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205555","display_name":"Feeling","level":2,"score":0.6520000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402","display_name":"Perception","level":2,"score":0.6140999794006348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.6118000149726868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776291640","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2912517","display_name":"Value (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5195000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.4941999912261963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.4011000096797943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.37229999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3407000005245209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75630572","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q538904","display_name":"Applied psychology","level":1,"score":0.334199994802475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.3303000032901764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.2937000095844269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779318504","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1438035","display_name":"Research design","level":2,"score":0.27059999108314514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.25929999351501465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129454956","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1402508","display_name":"Field research","level":2,"score":0.2554999887943268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175154964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380077","display_name":"Task analysis","level":3,"score":0.2515999972820282}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/superintelligence1010005","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/superintelligence1010005","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/superintelligence1010005","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407055554","display_name":"Journal of Superintelligence","issn_l":"3043-0097","issn":["3043-0097"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Superintelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/superintelligence1010005","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/superintelligence1010005","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/superintelligence1010005","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407055554","display_name":"Journal of Superintelligence","issn_l":"3043-0097","issn":["3043-0097"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Superintelligence","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4392250869","display_name":"Collaborative Research: FW-HTF-R: Toward an Ecosystem of Artificial Intelligence-Powered Music Production (TEAMuP)","funder_award_id":"2222129","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1587451402","https://openalex.org/W1791587663","https://openalex.org/W2098481455","https://openalex.org/W2796755741","https://openalex.org/W3005778784","https://openalex.org/W4226040281","https://openalex.org/W4317823635","https://openalex.org/W4384154918","https://openalex.org/W4385293522","https://openalex.org/W4387871461","https://openalex.org/W4391170963","https://openalex.org/W4403228021","https://openalex.org/W4404775551","https://openalex.org/W4405896613","https://openalex.org/W4410728496","https://openalex.org/W4415619499","https://openalex.org/W7117459775","https://openalex.org/W7118094376","https://openalex.org/W7124974472","https://openalex.org/W7130655564","https://openalex.org/W7133337042","https://openalex.org/W7135096569","https://openalex.org/W7165805879"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7201854474","https://openalex.org/W7169584361","https://openalex.org/W4363671771","https://openalex.org/W7212368084","https://openalex.org/W7164829581","https://openalex.org/W4386003374","https://openalex.org/W4412014037","https://openalex.org/W7220842220","https://openalex.org/W6962756568","https://openalex.org/W7221283654"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"To":[0],"illustrate":[1],"the":[2,70,75,88,123,144,147],"importance":[3],"and":[4,15,36,61,87,130,151],"complexity":[5],"of":[6,38,50,58,63,90,125,146,173],"considering":[7],"\u201ctask\u2013technology":[8],"fit\u201d,":[9],"as":[10,12,79,111,113],"well":[11,112],"users\u2019":[13],"roles":[14,150],"purposes,":[16],"when":[17],"studying":[18],"AI":[19,39,64,92,120,134,174],"adoption":[20,62],"within":[21],"any":[22],"occupation,":[23],"we":[24],"present":[25],"findings":[26],"from":[27],"a":[28,47,101],"2023-25":[29],"mixed-method":[30],"study":[31,167],"about":[32,118,132],"professional":[33,85,149],"musicians\u2019":[34,119],"uses":[35],"perceptions":[37],"in":[40,60,65,140],"music-making.":[41],"The":[42,166],"initial":[43],"interviews":[44],"conducted":[45],"with":[46],"diverse":[48],"group":[49],"42":[51],"U.S.":[52],"musicians":[53],"suggested":[54],"that":[55],"individual":[56],"levels":[57],"interest":[59],"their":[66],"music-making":[67],"depended":[68],"on":[69],"specific":[71,136],"task":[72,76],"considered,":[73],"whether":[74],"was":[77],"perceived":[78],"\u201ccore\u201d":[80],"versus":[81,95],"\u201csupportive\u201d":[82],"to":[83,93,100,106,114,154],"one\u2019s":[84,97],"role,":[86],"intention":[89],"using":[91,133],"\u201cassist\u201d":[94],"\u201creplace\u201d":[96],"work.":[98],"Responses":[99],"subsequent":[102],"2025":[103],"survey,":[104],"designed":[105],"further":[107],"explore":[108],"these":[109],"insights,":[110],"collect":[115],"additional":[116],"information":[117],"adoption,":[121],"confirmed":[122],"value":[124],"eliciting":[126],"respondents\u2019":[127,148],"interest,":[128],"uses,":[129],"feelings":[131],"for":[135,171],"tasks":[137],"rather":[138],"than":[139],"general":[141],"terms.":[142],"Exploring":[143],"impact":[145],"purpose":[152],"proved":[153],"be":[155],"more":[156],"challenging.":[157],"Nevertheless,":[158],"role-based":[159],"differences":[160],"were":[161],"documented,":[162],"several":[163],"statistically":[164],"significant.":[165],"has":[168],"methodological":[169],"implications":[170],"studies":[172],"adoptions":[175],"across":[176],"fields.":[177]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2026-09-04T00:00:00"}