{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7207578848","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.09.03.749055","title":"Spatial-filtering nanoscopy for 40-nm label-free Raman imaging","display_name":"Spatial-filtering nanoscopy for 40-nm label-free Raman imaging","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-09-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7207578848","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.09.03.749055"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.64898/2026.09.03.749055","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.09.03.749055","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.09.03.749055","pdf_url":"https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2026/09/03/2026.09.03.749055.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402567","display_name":"bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2750212522","host_organization_name":"Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2750212522"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"bioRxiv","raw_type":"posted-content"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2026/09/03/2026.09.03.749055.full.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088432137","display_name":"Jiye Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4568-1108","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4568-1108"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210164195","display_name":"Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry","ror":"https://ror.org/05mqm5297","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210164195"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405271954","display_name":"Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education","ror":"https://ror.org/03av49852","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405271954"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiye Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai 201203, China;","Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China;"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4568-1108","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai 201203, China;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210164195"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067","https://openalex.org/I4405271954"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5093779033","display_name":"Lamu Benma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6496-7001","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6496-7001"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405271954","display_name":"Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education","ror":"https://ror.org/03av49852","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405271954"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Benma Lamu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China;"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067","https://openalex.org/I4405271954"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5149737458","display_name":"Yuan Fenng","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuan Feng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biological Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China;"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biological Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053510214","display_name":"Shengwen Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2744-3085","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2744-3085","https://orcid.org/0009-0007-1233-3290"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800570007","display_name":"Renji Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/03ypbx660","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800570007"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shengwen Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Molecular Medicine and Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China;"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Molecular Medicine and Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930","https://openalex.org/I2800570007"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5149795796","display_name":"Haiyan Zhu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haiyan Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biological Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China;"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biological Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5149813583","display_name":"Zhiru Zhiru Xu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210164195","display_name":"Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry","ror":"https://ror.org/05mqm5297","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210164195"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhiru Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai 201203, China;","National Key Laboratory of Lead Druggability, Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai Professional and Technical Service Center for Biological Material Druggability Evaluation, Shanghai 200437, China;"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai 201203, China;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210164195"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Key Laboratory of Lead Druggability, Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai Professional and Technical Service Center for Biological Material Druggability Evaluation, Shanghai 200437, China;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210164195"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042457537","display_name":"Hulie Zeng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0484-836X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0484-836X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405271954","display_name":"Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education","ror":"https://ror.org/03av49852","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405271954"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hulie Zeng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China;"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067","https://openalex.org/I4405271954"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5042457537"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067","https://openalex.org/I4405271954"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11324","display_name":"Spectroscopy Techniques in Biomedical and Chemical Research","score":0.8086000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1304","display_name":"Biophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11324","display_name":"Spectroscopy Techniques in Biomedical and Chemical Research","score":0.8086000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1304","display_name":"Biophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12466","display_name":"Near-Field Optical Microscopy","score":0.14489999413490295,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10540","display_name":"Advanced Fluorescence Microscopy Techniques","score":0.02710000053048134,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1304","display_name":"Biophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/super-resolution-microscopy","display_name":"super-resolution microscopy","score":0.796999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/confocal-raman-microscopy","display_name":"confocal Raman microscopy","score":0.7239999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subcellular-imaging","display_name":"intracellular imaging","score":0.6679999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/organelle-imaging","display_name":"organelle imaging","score":0.6700000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pseudopodia","display_name":"pseudopodia","score":0.6700000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/silicon-nanostructures","display_name":"silicon nanostructures","score":0.8799999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tissue-sections","display_name":"tissue sections","score":0.6420000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diffraction-limit","display_name":"diffraction limit","score":0.6100000143051147}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40003534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q862228","display_name":"Raman spectroscopy","level":2,"score":0.694100022315979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136009344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336201","display_name":"Confocal","level":2,"score":0.6247000098228455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147080431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074953","display_name":"Microscopy","level":2,"score":0.6184999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.5515999794006348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779971283","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7288894","display_name":"Raman microscope","level":4,"score":0.5357999801635742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57477423","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1434196","display_name":"Fluorescence-lifetime imaging microscopy","level":3,"score":0.5210999846458435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91881484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q191807","display_name":"Fluorescence","level":2,"score":0.5109000205993652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116919411","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1522462","display_name":"Photoactivated localization microscopy","level":5,"score":0.5022000074386597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169573571","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466824","display_name":"Raman scattering","level":3,"score":0.4650000035762787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.4424999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.4092999994754791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205372480","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210521","display_name":"Image resolution","level":2,"score":0.40779998898506165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779178360","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q902045","display_name":"Confocal microscopy","level":2,"score":0.40639999508857727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.38960000872612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47785574","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q373859","display_name":"Two-photon excitation microscopy","level":3,"score":0.38199999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169274487","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840211","display_name":"Fluorescence microscope","level":3,"score":0.3653999865055084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20788544","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q467054","display_name":"Photonics","level":2,"score":0.34310001134872437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105780059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q467358","display_name":"STED microscopy","level":4,"score":0.33869999647140503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138268822","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1051925","display_name":"Resolution (logic)","level":2,"score":0.33180001378059387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779884411","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4914995","display_name":"Biological imaging","level":3,"score":0.3269999921321869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67649825","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q196538","display_name":"Microscope","level":2,"score":0.31049999594688416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C92630104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4115103","display_name":"Optical imaging","level":2,"score":0.3050000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65597285","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5090469","display_name":"Chemical imaging","level":3,"score":0.3027999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141239990","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q957423","display_name":"Superresolution","level":3,"score":0.2962000072002411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207114421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133900","display_name":"Diffraction","level":2,"score":0.2842999994754791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780841128","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5073781","display_name":"Characterization (materials science)","level":2,"score":0.2809000015258789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113976765","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1823502","display_name":"Light sheet fluorescence microscopy","level":4,"score":0.27889999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.2703000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C520434653","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38867","display_name":"Laser","level":2,"score":0.26409998536109924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15526883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6657126","display_name":"Live cell imaging","level":3,"score":0.2612000107765198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15336307","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1766051","display_name":"Lens (geology)","level":2,"score":0.2563999891281128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136339569","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1142297","display_name":"Molecular imaging","level":3,"score":0.2554999887943268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119666444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5977280","display_name":"Temporal resolution","level":2,"score":0.25450000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31332276","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899750","display_name":"Photobleaching","level":3,"score":0.251800000667572}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.64898/2026.09.03.749055","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.09.03.749055","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.09.03.749055","pdf_url":"https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2026/09/03/2026.09.03.749055.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402567","display_name":"bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2750212522","host_organization_name":"Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2750212522"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"bioRxiv","raw_type":"posted-content"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.64898/2026.09.03.749055","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.09.03.749055","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.09.03.749055","pdf_url":"https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2026/09/03/2026.09.03.749055.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402567","display_name":"bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2750212522","host_organization_name":"Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2750212522"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"bioRxiv","raw_type":"posted-content"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321851","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7207578848.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7207578848.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W294095741","https://openalex.org/W842010963","https://openalex.org/W1966383003","https://openalex.org/W1976457929","https://openalex.org/W2011605930","https://openalex.org/W2099582088","https://openalex.org/W2118978641","https://openalex.org/W2119243120","https://openalex.org/W2617667835","https://openalex.org/W2621103222","https://openalex.org/W2889080358","https://openalex.org/W2903629831","https://openalex.org/W2922351258","https://openalex.org/W3087886129","https://openalex.org/W3165513143","https://openalex.org/W4200231228","https://openalex.org/W4238768614","https://openalex.org/W4317802297","https://openalex.org/W4386861911","https://openalex.org/W4391968332","https://openalex.org/W4393259334","https://openalex.org/W4393857278","https://openalex.org/W4405419913","https://openalex.org/W4406473233","https://openalex.org/W4409208450","https://openalex.org/W4410340896","https://openalex.org/W4410343475","https://openalex.org/W4411069338","https://openalex.org/W4412697118","https://openalex.org/W4412827936","https://openalex.org/W4415849455","https://openalex.org/W7167334339","https://openalex.org/W7172284342","https://openalex.org/W7202248061"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2305126354","https://openalex.org/W2030143814","https://openalex.org/W2323398883","https://openalex.org/W4402732457","https://openalex.org/W3160492225","https://openalex.org/W6941332910","https://openalex.org/W211461917","https://openalex.org/W3100842143","https://openalex.org/W2295963724","https://openalex.org/W4399596012"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Super-resolution":[1],"fluorescence":[2,22],"microscopy":[3],"overcomes":[4],"the":[5,19,137,160,167,173],"optical":[6,242],"diffraction":[7,138],"limit":[8],"and":[9,38,71,81,93,102,171,183,197,209,216,238],"has":[10],"significantly":[11],"advanced":[12],"our":[13],"understanding":[14],"of":[15,21,128,192,205],"biological":[16],"complexity":[17],"within":[18],"framework":[20],"labelling":[23,27],"1":[24],".":[25,48,76,108],"Fluorescence":[26],"underpins":[28],"this":[29],"capability,":[30],"enabling":[31],"high":[32],"photon":[33],"budgets,":[34],"superior":[35],"signal":[36,100,125,129],"contrast,":[37,50],"tuneable":[39],"photophysical":[40],"properties":[41],"essential":[42],"for":[43],"diverse":[44,241],"super-resolution":[45,117,189,230],"modalities":[46],"2,3":[47],"In":[49],"label-free":[51,79],"Raman":[52,84,105,152,190],"imaging":[53,85,94,191,243],"offers":[54],"intrinsic":[55,104],"chemical":[56,82],"specificity":[57],"4":[58],",":[59],"supporting":[60],"applications":[61],"ranging":[62],"from":[63],"biomolecular":[64],"fingerprinting":[65],"to":[66,97],"cell":[67],"metabolic":[68],"mapping":[69],"5\u20138":[70],"histopathological":[72],"tissue":[73,198],"characterization":[74],"9,10":[75],"Despite":[77],"its":[78],"advantage":[80],"specificity,":[83],"remains":[86],"fundamentally":[87],"limited":[88],"in":[89],"both":[90,181],"spatial":[91,175],"resolution":[92,121,204],"contrast":[95,106],"due":[96],"inherently":[98],"low":[99],"throughput":[101],"weak":[103],"11\u201313":[107],"Here,":[109],"we":[110],"introduce":[111],"spatial-filtering":[112],"nanoscopy":[113],"(SFN),":[114],"a":[115,132,143,149,226],"physics-driven":[116],"strategy":[118],"that":[119],"achieves":[120],"enhancement":[122],"through":[123],"targeted":[124],"purification":[126],"instead":[127],"amplification,":[130],"offering":[131],"conceptually":[133],"distinct":[134],"pathway":[135],"beyond":[136],"limit.":[139],"SFN":[140,224],"synergistically":[141],"integrates":[142],"sub-millimetre":[144],"microsphere":[145],"lens":[146],"(SMML)":[147],"with":[148],"standard":[150,235],"confocal":[151,236],"microscope,":[153],"harnessing":[154],"two":[155],"complementary":[156],"physical":[157],"effects:":[158],"(i)":[159],"photonic":[161],"redistribution":[162],"effect":[163],"(PRE),":[164],"which":[165,178],"narrows":[166],"lateral":[168,182,203],"excitation":[169],"profile,":[170],"(ii)":[172],"three-dimensional":[174],"filtering":[176],"(3D-SFE),":[177],"effectively":[179],"suppresses":[180],"axial":[184],"background.":[185],"We":[186],"demonstrate":[187],"SFN-enabled":[188],"silicon":[193],"nanostructures,":[194],"intact":[195],"cells,":[196],"sections,":[199],"achieving":[200],"an":[201],"effective":[202],"approximately":[206],"40":[207],"nm,":[208],"chemically":[210],"resolving":[211],"subcellular":[212],"features":[213],"including":[214],"organelles":[215],"pseudopodia":[217],"without":[218],"exogenous":[219],"labels.":[220],"These":[221],"findings":[222],"establish":[223],"as":[225],"broadly":[227],"generalizable":[228],"hardware-based":[229],"strategy,":[231],"readily":[232],"deployable":[233],"on":[234],"platforms":[237],"extensible":[239],"across":[240],"modalities.":[244]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-09T13:22:03.289127","created_date":"2026-09-04T00:00:00"}