{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7206213645","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2609.00017","title":"Viability of Big Bang Nucleosynthesis in $f(R,L_m)$ Gravity","display_name":"Viability of Big Bang Nucleosynthesis in $f(R,L_m)$ Gravity","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-08-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7206213645","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2609.00017"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2609.00017","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.00017","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2609.00017","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["arxiv","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2609.00017","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134443977","display_name":"Kajal Phukan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-7630-6485","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0000-7630-6485"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I64128412","display_name":"Dibrugarh University","ror":"https://ror.org/045kfbt16","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I64128412"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Phukan, Kajal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics , Dibrugarh University , Dibrugarh , Assam , India, 786004"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics , Dibrugarh University , Dibrugarh , Assam , India, 786004","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I64128412"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001569042","display_name":"Rajdeep Mazumdar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-7732-875X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0003-7732-875X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I64128412","display_name":"Dibrugarh University","ror":"https://ror.org/045kfbt16","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I64128412"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mazumdar, Rajdeep","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics , Dibrugarh University , Dibrugarh , Assam , India, 786004"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics , Dibrugarh University , Dibrugarh , Assam , India, 786004","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I64128412"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5117614306","display_name":"Kalyan Malakar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-5134-1553","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0002-5134-1553"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I64128412","display_name":"Dibrugarh University","ror":"https://ror.org/045kfbt16","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I64128412"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Malakar, Kalyan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics , Dibrugarh University , Dibrugarh , Assam , India, 786004","Department of Physics , Silapathar College , Dhemaji , Assam , India, 787059"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics , Dibrugarh University , Dibrugarh , Assam , India, 786004","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I64128412"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics , Silapathar College , Dhemaji , Assam , India, 787059","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044870715","display_name":"Kalyan Bhuyan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8896-7691","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8896-7691"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I64128412","display_name":"Dibrugarh University","ror":"https://ror.org/045kfbt16","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I64128412"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bhuyan, Kalyan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics , Dibrugarh University , Dibrugarh , Assam , India, 786004","Theoretical Physics Division , Centre for Atmospheric Studies , Dibrugarh University , Dibrugarh , Assam , India 786004"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics , Dibrugarh University , Dibrugarh , Assam , India, 786004","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I64128412"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Theoretical Physics Division , Centre for Atmospheric Studies , Dibrugarh University , Dibrugarh , Assam , India 786004","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I64128412"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I64128412"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10095","display_name":"Cosmology and Gravitation Theories","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10095","display_name":"Cosmology and Gravitation Theories","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11415","display_name":"Noncommutative and Quantum Gravity Theories","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10039","display_name":"Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/big-bang-nucleosynthesis","display_name":"big bang nucleosynthesis","score":0.9470000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/f-r-lm-gravity","display_name":"f(R,Lm) gravity","score":0.9599999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modified-gravity","display_name":"modified gravity","score":0.9039999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/primordial-helium-4-abundance","display_name":"primordial helium-4 abundance","score":0.8379999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parameter-constraints","display_name":"parameter constraints","score":0.47699999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/early-universe-expansion-rate","display_name":"early universe expansion rate","score":0.7860000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/primordial-element-abundances","display_name":"primordial element abundances","score":0.6420000195503235}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16743098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837317","display_name":"Big Bang nucleosynthesis","level":4,"score":0.8848000168800354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.7684999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4397270","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q471702","display_name":"Nucleosynthesis","level":3,"score":0.7103000283241272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141629334","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3266751","display_name":"f(R) gravity","level":4,"score":0.6254000067710876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26405456","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q338","display_name":"Cosmology","level":2,"score":0.5697000026702881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68944897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428867","display_name":"Abundance of the chemical elements","level":3,"score":0.5123999714851379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124017977","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11412","display_name":"Gravitation","level":2,"score":0.4519999921321869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186453547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2126","display_name":"Neutrino","level":2,"score":0.44749999046325684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53469067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q505735","display_name":"Lagrangian","level":2,"score":0.4196000099182129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84999194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1","display_name":"Universe","level":2,"score":0.41749998927116394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776436953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5163215","display_name":"Consistency (knowledge bases)","level":2,"score":0.4049000144004822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77077793","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336019","display_name":"Abundance (ecology)","level":2,"score":0.40310001373291016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188386629","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2902142","display_name":"Big Bang (financial markets)","level":2,"score":0.3865000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146846114","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901448","display_name":"Einstein","level":2,"score":0.3855000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.3781000077724457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776036281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48769818","display_name":"Constraint (computer-aided design)","level":2,"score":0.34369999170303345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57691317","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1289248","display_name":"Scalar (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.33730000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117251300","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1849855","display_name":"Parametric statistics","level":2,"score":0.320499986410141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33332235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18362","display_name":"Theoretical physics","level":1,"score":0.3133000135421753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159249277","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79925","display_name":"Dark matter","level":2,"score":0.2872999906539917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109214941","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18334","display_name":"Particle physics","level":1,"score":0.2793000042438507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130044071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q103585","display_name":"Graviton","level":3,"score":0.27709999680519104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44870925","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37547","display_name":"Astrophysics","level":1,"score":0.2718000113964081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66059912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q858624","display_name":"Big Bounce","level":5,"score":0.27090001106262207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20154449","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1129469","display_name":"Metric expansion of space","level":4,"score":0.2702000141143799}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2609.00017","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.00017","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2609.00017","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2609.00017","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2609.00017","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2609.00017","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2609.00017","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.00017","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2609.00017","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7206213645.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7206213645.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":81,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1521806406","https://openalex.org/W1581552216","https://openalex.org/W1646915339","https://openalex.org/W1958232190","https://openalex.org/W1966220201","https://openalex.org/W1983233159","https://openalex.org/W1991232830","https://openalex.org/W1993929115","https://openalex.org/W1994511500","https://openalex.org/W2002793071","https://openalex.org/W2004493956","https://openalex.org/W2010606813","https://openalex.org/W2012648738","https://openalex.org/W2014571316","https://openalex.org/W2016026142","https://openalex.org/W2017073970","https://openalex.org/W2017579543","https://openalex.org/W2024192612","https://openalex.org/W2027627752","https://openalex.org/W2032235332","https://openalex.org/W2036482104","https://openalex.org/W2051756823","https://openalex.org/W2056173066","https://openalex.org/W2065626203","https://openalex.org/W2066469075","https://openalex.org/W2071863200","https://openalex.org/W2072524000","https://openalex.org/W2074305322","https://openalex.org/W2078125471","https://openalex.org/W2092080603","https://openalex.org/W2096052131","https://openalex.org/W2097552604","https://openalex.org/W2099398795","https://openalex.org/W2107512919","https://openalex.org/W2108313227","https://openalex.org/W2111042150","https://openalex.org/W2115593461","https://openalex.org/W2121134683","https://openalex.org/W2124601931","https://openalex.org/W2137113888","https://openalex.org/W2145958492","https://openalex.org/W2152565162","https://openalex.org/W2154422137","https://openalex.org/W2161609168","https://openalex.org/W2167813214","https://openalex.org/W2591817099","https://openalex.org/W2592749701","https://openalex.org/W2596778397","https://openalex.org/W2706506745","https://openalex.org/W2761148789","https://openalex.org/W2768515601","https://openalex.org/W2952743120","https://openalex.org/W2979637393","https://openalex.org/W3037804395","https://openalex.org/W3037938286","https://openalex.org/W3091479199","https://openalex.org/W3107111937","https://openalex.org/W4226353163","https://openalex.org/W4229017549","https://openalex.org/W4292322877","https://openalex.org/W4304731542","https://openalex.org/W4362581638","https://openalex.org/W4367184581","https://openalex.org/W4388093146","https://openalex.org/W4402192222","https://openalex.org/W4407407422","https://openalex.org/W4409310087","https://openalex.org/W4410534009","https://openalex.org/W4412707222","https://openalex.org/W4413149999","https://openalex.org/W4413783387","https://openalex.org/W4414751122","https://openalex.org/W4416156148","https://openalex.org/W4417045303","https://openalex.org/W7123852851","https://openalex.org/W7131778200","https://openalex.org/W7134047791","https://openalex.org/W7139988091","https://openalex.org/W7166194327","https://openalex.org/W7167821388","https://openalex.org/W7168249337"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7166194327","https://openalex.org/W7169886747","https://openalex.org/W7219019447","https://openalex.org/W7139988091","https://openalex.org/W2592749701","https://openalex.org/W4412707222","https://openalex.org/W7167821388","https://openalex.org/W2155739360","https://openalex.org/W4412478940","https://openalex.org/W4389513993"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,32],"examine":[1],"the":[2,14,22,23,37,50,57,61,75,79,83,88,92,106,112],"viability":[3],"of":[4,21,41,53,114],"Big":[5],"Bang":[6],"Nucleosynthesis":[7],"(BBN)":[8],"constraints":[9],"in":[10,60],"$f(R,L_m)$":[11,44,70,121],"gravity,":[12],"where":[13],"gravitational":[15],"Lagrangian":[16,29],"is":[17],"an":[18],"arbitrary":[19],"function":[20],"Ricci":[24],"scalar":[25],"$R$":[26],"and":[27,56],"matter":[28],"density":[30],"$L_m$.":[31],"derive":[33],"stringent":[34],"bounds":[35,93],"on":[36,87,105],"underlying":[38],"model":[39],"parameters":[40],"four":[42],"different":[43],"gravity":[45,71,122],"models":[46,123],"by":[47],"examining":[48],"both":[49],"primordial":[51,127],"abundances":[52,129],"helium-4":[54],"($^4\\text{He}$)":[55],"fractional":[58],"variations":[59],"neutron--proton":[62],"freeze":[63],"out":[64],"temperature.":[65],"Our":[66],"results":[67],"reveal":[68],"that":[69,120],"remains":[72],"viable":[73],"under":[74],"BBN":[76],"constraints.":[77],"With":[78],"freeze-out":[80],"condition":[81],"offering":[82],"most":[84],"dominat":[85],"constraint":[86],"parameter":[89,117],"space,":[90],"whereas":[91],"from":[94],"$^4\\text{He}$":[95],"abundance":[96,101],"act":[97],"as":[98],"a":[99],"separate":[100],"level":[102],"consistency":[103],"checks":[104],"modified":[107],"expansion":[108],"rate.":[109],"In":[110],"summary,":[111],"presence":[113],"these":[115],"feasible":[116],"regions":[118],"demonstrates":[119],"can":[124],"successfully":[125],"accommodate":[126],"element":[128],"without":[130],"disrupting":[131],"standard":[132],"early":[133],"Universe":[134],"dynamics.":[135]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2026-09-03T00:00:00"}
