{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7205005435","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-76668-0","title":"Structural basis of transcription of the hachimoji eight-letter alphabet by E. coli RNA polymerase","display_name":"Structural basis of transcription of the hachimoji eight-letter alphabet by E. coli RNA polymerase","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-09-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7205005435","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-76668-0","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42686745","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/13538358"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41467-026-76668-0","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-76668-0","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-76668-0","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-026-76668-0.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S64187185","display_name":"Nature Communications","issn_l":"2041-1723","issn":["2041-1723"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","oarl","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nature Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","datacite","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-026-76668-0.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034623547","display_name":"Qingrong Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8583-3620","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8583-3620"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qingrong Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8583-3620","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066289049","display_name":"Hyo-Joong Kim","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163760","display_name":"Foundation for Applied Molecular Evolution","ror":"https://ror.org/052x5ps19","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210163760"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hyo-Joong Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Foundation for Applied Molecular Evolution, Alachua, FL, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Foundation for Applied Molecular Evolution, Alachua, FL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163760"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100350987","display_name":"Yan Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5683-8695","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5683-8695"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801935854","display_name":"SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/05gzmn429","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I2801935854","https://openalex.org/I39565521","https://openalex.org/I97018004"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120900","display_name":"Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource","ror":"https://ror.org/02vzbm991","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I2801935854","https://openalex.org/I39565521","https://openalex.org/I4210120900","https://openalex.org/I97018004"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yan Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of CryoEM and Bioimaging, Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5683-8695","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of CryoEM and Bioimaging, Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801935854","https://openalex.org/I4210120900","https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086644410","display_name":"Juntaek Oh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7625-2779","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7625-2779"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35928602","display_name":"Kyung Hee University","ror":"https://ror.org/01zqcg218","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I35928602"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["KR","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Juntaek Oh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA","Department of Regulatory Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea","Institute of Integrated Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea","Institute of Regulatory Innovation through Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7625-2779","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Regulatory Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35928602"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Integrated Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35928602"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Regulatory Innovation through Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35928602"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027455672","display_name":"Peini Hou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5214-8029","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5214-8029"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peini Hou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049618688","display_name":"Shuichi Hoshika","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9128-1183","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9128-1183"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163760","display_name":"Foundation for Applied Molecular Evolution","ror":"https://ror.org/052x5ps19","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210163760"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shuichi Hoshika","raw_affiliation_strings":["Foundation for Applied Molecular Evolution, Alachua, FL, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9128-1183","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Foundation for Applied Molecular Evolution, Alachua, FL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163760"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015981070","display_name":"Grigore D Pintilie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0848-5335","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0848-5335"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801935854","display_name":"SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/05gzmn429","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I2801935854","https://openalex.org/I39565521","https://openalex.org/I97018004"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120900","display_name":"Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource","ror":"https://ror.org/02vzbm991","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I2801935854","https://openalex.org/I39565521","https://openalex.org/I4210120900","https://openalex.org/I97018004"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I97018004","display_name":"Stanford University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f54p054","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Grigore Pintilie","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Bioengineering, James H. Clark Center, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA","Division of CryoEM and Bioimaging, Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Bioengineering, James H. Clark Center, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I97018004"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of CryoEM and Bioimaging, Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, Menlo Park, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801935854","https://openalex.org/I4210120900","https://openalex.org/I97018004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028076987","display_name":"Sriram Aiyer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6436-0521","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6436-0521"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1307098950","display_name":"Salk Institute for Biological Studies","ror":"https://ror.org/03xez1567","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1307098950"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sriram Aiyer","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6436-0521","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1307098950"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5126487015","display_name":"Jenny Chong","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jenny Chong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077915889","display_name":"Dmitry Lyumkis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8124-7472","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8124-7472"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I123431417","display_name":"Scripps Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/02dxx6824","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I123431417"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1307098950","display_name":"Salk Institute for Biological Studies","ror":"https://ror.org/03xez1567","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1307098950"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dmitry Lyumkis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA","Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Section of Molecular Biology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA","The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8124-7472","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I123431417"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Section of Molecular Biology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1307098950"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005259044","display_name":"Steven A. Benner","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3318-9917","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3318-9917"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163760","display_name":"Foundation for Applied Molecular Evolution","ror":"https://ror.org/052x5ps19","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210163760"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Steven A. Benner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Foundation for Applied Molecular Evolution, Alachua, FL, USA. sbenner@ffame.org"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3318-9917","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Foundation for Applied Molecular Evolution, Alachua, FL, USA. sbenner@ffame.org","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163760"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100391461","display_name":"Dong Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2829-1546","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2829-1546"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Dong Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA. dongwang@ucsd.edu","Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA. dongwang@ucsd.edu","Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA. dongwang@ucsd.edu"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2829-1546","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA. dongwang@ucsd.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA. dongwang@ucsd.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA. dongwang@ucsd.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5005259044","https://openalex.org/A5100391461"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959","https://openalex.org/I4210163760"],"apc_list":{"value":6990,"currency":"USD","value_usd":6990},"apc_paid":{"value":6990,"currency":"USD","value_usd":6990},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10521","display_name":"RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms","score":0.7979000210762024,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10521","display_name":"RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms","score":0.7979000210762024,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10432","display_name":"DNA and Nucleic Acid Chemistry","score":0.18639999628067017,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10120","display_name":"Bacterial Genetics and Biotechnology","score":0.0012000000569969416,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/expanded-genetic-alphabet","display_name":"expanded genetic alphabet","score":0.9340000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/unnatural-base-pairs","display_name":"unnatural base pairs","score":0.8820000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/escherichia-coli-rna-polymerase","display_name":"Escherichia coli RNA polymerase","score":0.9309999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transcription","display_name":"transcription","score":0.5899999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/misincorporation","display_name":"misincorporation","score":0.7879999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/substrate-recognition","display_name":"substrate recognition","score":0.8220000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryo-em-structure","display_name":"cryo-EM structure","score":0.75},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synthetic-nucleotides","display_name":"synthetic nucleotides","score":0.6079999804496765}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82381507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q416878","display_name":"Polymerase","level":3,"score":0.6599000096321106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179926584","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207714","display_name":"Transcription (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.6043000221252441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776449523","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q272631","display_name":"RNA polymerase","level":4,"score":0.5795000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.5188000202178955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185581394","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q145911","display_name":"Base pair","level":3,"score":0.517300009727478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.503000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70721500","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177005","display_name":"Computational biology","level":1,"score":0.4878999888896942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70916841","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3501658","display_name":"RNA polymerase III","level":5,"score":0.476500004529953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67705224","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11053","display_name":"RNA","level":3,"score":0.4700999855995178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41258723","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2919111","display_name":"RNA-dependent RNA polymerase","level":4,"score":0.46630001068115234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24107716","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q123619","display_name":"Nucleic acid","level":2,"score":0.45669999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25281209","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3502188","display_name":"RNA polymerase I","level":5,"score":0.43529999256134033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112876837","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837518","display_name":"Alphabet","level":2,"score":0.4133000075817108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172768829","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14817959","display_name":"Transcription factor II D","level":5,"score":0.40950000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64350747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15334993","display_name":"RNA polymerase II","level":5,"score":0.4050000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153911025","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7202","display_name":"Molecular biology","level":1,"score":0.39579999446868896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780048736","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418713","display_name":"T7 RNA polymerase","level":5,"score":0.3732999861240387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196117886","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21110340","display_name":"RNA polymerase II holoenzyme","level":5,"score":0.3508000075817108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.33809998631477356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C547475151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25419","display_name":"Escherichia coli","level":3,"score":0.33660000562667847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C552990157","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7430","display_name":"DNA","level":2,"score":0.3192000091075897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126142528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3771876","display_name":"Nucleic acid structure","level":4,"score":0.30630001425743103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512185932","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28745","display_name":"Nucleotide","level":3,"score":0.3027999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191908910","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q862838","display_name":"Synthetic biology","level":2,"score":0.30230000615119934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21786251","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14886350","display_name":"RNA editing","level":4,"score":0.30149999260902405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85468374","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6589957","display_name":"Nucleic acid secondary structure","level":4,"score":0.2761000096797943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144825837","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2316030","display_name":"General transcription factor","level":5,"score":0.2750999927520752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.259799987077713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153574943","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408939","display_name":"Nucleotidyltransferase","level":4,"score":0.25839999318122864}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D004926","descriptor_name":"Escherichia coli","qualifier_ui":"Q000201","qualifier_name":"enzymology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004926","descriptor_name":"Escherichia coli","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008958","descriptor_name":"Models, Molecular","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012321","descriptor_name":"DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012321","descriptor_name":"DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012321","descriptor_name":"DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014158","descriptor_name":"Transcription, Genetic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D020029","descriptor_name":"Base Pairing","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020285","descriptor_name":"Cryoelectron Microscopy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D029968","descriptor_name":"Escherichia coli Proteins","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D029968","descriptor_name":"Escherichia coli Proteins","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D029968","descriptor_name":"Escherichia coli Proteins","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41467-026-76668-0","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-76668-0","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-76668-0","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-026-76668-0.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S64187185","display_name":"Nature Communications","issn_l":"2041-1723","issn":["2041-1723"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","oarl","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nature Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:13538358","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13538358/","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13538358/pdf/41467_2026_Article_76668.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nat Commun","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:42686745","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42686745","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nature communications","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:05962af5f9244c68a591336250a7004f","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/05962af5f9244c68a591336250a7004f","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Nature Communications, Vol 17, Iss 1 (2026)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.32537382","doi":"https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.32537382","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.32537382","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196282","display_name":"Figshare","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210132348","host_organization_name":"Figshare (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132348"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Dataset"},{"id":"doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.32537382.v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.32537382.v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.32537382.v1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196282","display_name":"Figshare","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210132348","host_organization_name":"Figshare (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132348"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Dataset"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41467-026-76668-0","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-76668-0","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-76668-0","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-026-76668-0.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S64187185","display_name":"Nature Communications","issn_l":"2041-1723","issn":["2041-1723"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","oarl","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nature Communications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1787005741","display_name":"Expanding the Genetic Lexicon with Designer Genetic Alphabets","funder_award_id":"2419300","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2185989252","display_name":"Basic Research for Diagnostics and Surveillance in Lower Resource Environments","funder_award_id":"R01AI135146","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337355","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5806950731","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1R24GM154186","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337354","funder_display_name":"National Institute of General Medical Sciences"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000865719","display_name":"Molecular Mechanisms for DNA Damage Processing by Transcription Machinery","funder_award_id":"R01GM102362","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337354","funder_display_name":"National Institute of General Medical Sciences"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000909286","display_name":"Recognition of Synthetic Unnatural Base Pairs by RNA Polymerase","funder_award_id":"R01GM148476","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337354","funder_display_name":"National Institute of General Medical Sciences"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G947939688","display_name":"Darwinism from Artificial Genomes","funder_award_id":"1939086","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337354","display_name":"National Institute of General Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04q48ey07"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337355","display_name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","ror":"https://ror.org/043z4tv69"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338381","display_name":"SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/05gzmn429"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7205005435.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7205005435.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":40,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1981582209","https://openalex.org/W1990734020","https://openalex.org/W2031645478","https://openalex.org/W2042344660","https://openalex.org/W2071847284","https://openalex.org/W2076449818","https://openalex.org/W2110043156","https://openalex.org/W2113078079","https://openalex.org/W2124026197","https://openalex.org/W2129954525","https://openalex.org/W2132629607","https://openalex.org/W2135296886","https://openalex.org/W2142161929","https://openalex.org/W2149410625","https://openalex.org/W2180229411","https://openalex.org/W2286666421","https://openalex.org/W2323151852","https://openalex.org/W2560211686","https://openalex.org/W2587625522","https://openalex.org/W2599048916","https://openalex.org/W2734356283","https://openalex.org/W2766664307","https://openalex.org/W2793611243","https://openalex.org/W2799781186","https://openalex.org/W2902560198","https://openalex.org/W2917003832","https://openalex.org/W2917629520","https://openalex.org/W2946394399","https://openalex.org/W2970033556","https://openalex.org/W2981905748","https://openalex.org/W3005016287","https://openalex.org/W3092278063","https://openalex.org/W3097900553","https://openalex.org/W4362458246","https://openalex.org/W4387965823","https://openalex.org/W4389624013","https://openalex.org/W4390773106","https://openalex.org/W4412388667","https://openalex.org/W4415971689","https://openalex.org/W7159822925"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4389624013","https://openalex.org/W7202299080","https://openalex.org/W2946649708","https://openalex.org/W2091870095","https://openalex.org/W2766240151","https://openalex.org/W2139088972","https://openalex.org/W3166461882","https://openalex.org/W2065164352","https://openalex.org/W2018519089","https://openalex.org/W1968072816"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Expanded":[0],"genetic":[1,42,56,153],"alphabets":[2],"with":[3,34,58,87,114],"synthetic":[4],"nucleotides":[5],"can":[6],"greatly":[7],"increase":[8],"the":[9,28,81,137,148],"chemical":[10],"diversity":[11],"of":[12,30,100,150],"nucleic":[13],"acids,":[14],"enabling":[15],"new":[16],"molecular":[17],"functions.":[18],"Because":[19],"cellular":[20],"transcription":[21],"is":[22,37,85,127],"executed":[23],"by":[24],"multi-subunit":[25],"RNA":[26,50,101,125],"polymerases,":[27],"compatibility":[29],"unnatural":[31,61,133],"base":[32,62,134,142],"pairs":[33,135],"this":[35],"machinery":[36],"essential":[38],"for":[39,155],"engineering":[40],"expanded":[41],"systems.":[43],"Here":[44],"we":[45,72,94],"demonstrate":[46],"that":[47,122],"Escherichia":[48],"coli":[49,124],"polymerase":[51,102,126],"efficiently":[52,130],"transcribes":[53],"an":[54,151],"eight-letter":[55,152],"alphabet":[57,154],"two":[59],"orthogonal":[60],"pairs:":[63],"P:Z":[64],"and":[65],"B:S":[66],"pairs.":[67,143],"To":[68,90],"overcome":[69],"G:Z":[70],"misincorporation,":[71],"synthesize":[73],"a":[74,88],"higher-fidelity":[75],"analogue,":[76],"termed":[77],"Z*,":[78],"in":[79,136],"which":[80],"C5":[82],"nitro":[83],"group":[84],"replaced":[86],"carboxamide.":[89],"elucidate":[91],"substrate-recognition":[92],"mechanisms,":[93],"determine":[95],"four":[96],"cryo-electron":[97],"microscopy":[98],"structures":[99],"incorporating":[103],"dZ:PTP":[104],"or":[105],"dP:Z*TP":[106],"at":[107],"2.42-2.75":[108],"\u00c5":[109],"resolution.":[110],"These":[111],"structures,":[112],"together":[113],"our":[115],"early":[116],"work":[117],"on":[118],"S:B":[119],"pair,":[120],"show":[121],"E.":[123],"able":[128],"to":[129],"recognize":[131],"these":[132,145],"same":[138],"manner":[139],"as":[140],"natural":[141],"Collectively,":[144],"results":[146],"establish":[147],"feasibility":[149],"transcription.":[156]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-06T12:05:46.655746","created_date":"2026-09-02T00:00:00"}
