{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7204997125","doi":"https://doi.org/10.54012/jssh.v2i1.855","title":"Role of Public Opinion in Shaping Foreign Policy in A Democracy: A Focus on Nigeria from 2010 - 2025","display_name":"Role of Public Opinion in Shaping Foreign Policy in A Democracy: A Focus on Nigeria from 2010 - 2025","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-08-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7204997125","doi":"https://doi.org/10.54012/jssh.v2i1.855"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.54012/jssh.v2i1.855","doi":"https://doi.org/10.54012/jssh.v2i1.855","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.54012/jssh.v2i1.855","pdf_url":"https://journal.jcopublishing.com/index.php/jssh/article/download/855/590","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407053997","display_name":"Journal of Social Science and Humanities","issn_l":"3124-0313","issn":["3124-0313","3124-0321"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Social Science and Humanities","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://journal.jcopublishing.com/index.php/jssh/article/download/855/590","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5149052716","display_name":"Rex Ogheneruona","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193555791","display_name":"Delta State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ty8dh37","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193555791"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rex Ogheneruona","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Political Science, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Political Science, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193555791"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020430266","display_name":"Abraham Ejogba Orhero","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7596-554X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7596-554X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193555791","display_name":"Delta State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ty8dh37","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193555791"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abraham Ejogba Orhero","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Political Science, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Political Science, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193555791"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021338674","display_name":"Vincent Eseoghene Efebeh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2001-5026","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2001-5026"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193555791","display_name":"Delta State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ty8dh37","country_code":"NG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193555791"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vincent Eseoghene Efebeh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Political Science, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Political Science, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193555791"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193555791"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"2","issue":"1","first_page":"128","last_page":"151"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10053","display_name":"International Relations and Foreign Policy","score":0.6352999806404114,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10053","display_name":"International Relations and Foreign Policy","score":0.6352999806404114,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14429","display_name":"Global Political and Social Dynamics","score":0.31029999256134033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13162","display_name":"African Studies and Ethnography","score":0.01510000042617321,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-opinion","display_name":"public opinion","score":0.9900000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/foreign-policy","display_name":"foreign policy","score":0.8109999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nigeria","display_name":"Nigeria","score":0.7770000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fourth-republic","display_name":"Fourth Republic","score":0.7670000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/liberal-democracy","display_name":"liberal democracy","score":0.8569999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/civil-society","display_name":"civil society","score":0.9240000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/media-influence","display_name":"media influence","score":0.9490000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/legislative-oversight","display_name":"legislative oversight","score":0.9070000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/executive-dominance","display_name":"executive dominance","score":0.7599999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/citizen-participation","display_name":"citizen participation","score":0.753000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/democratic-consolidation","display_name":"democratic consolidation","score":0.6539999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transparency","display_name":"transparency","score":0.6420000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/accountability","display_name":"accountability","score":0.5419999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/foreign-policy-decision-making","display_name":"foreign policy decision-making","score":0.6240000128746033}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93377909","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181648","display_name":"Foreign policy","level":3,"score":0.6377999782562256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C513891491","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181865","display_name":"Civil society","level":3,"score":0.6276000142097473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.5983999967575073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3116431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31728","display_name":"Public administration","level":1,"score":0.5964999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555826173","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7174","display_name":"Democracy","level":3,"score":0.5598999857902527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83009810","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11204","display_name":"Legislature","level":2,"score":0.5440999865531921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779111050","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5255876","display_name":"Democratic consolidation","level":5,"score":0.5180000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39389867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380767","display_name":"Corporate governance","level":2,"score":0.48579999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109986646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q546113","display_name":"Public policy","level":2,"score":0.48019999265670776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775987171","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192797","display_name":"Elite","level":3,"score":0.4415000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134698397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17946","display_name":"Public opinion","level":3,"score":0.3961000144481659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203663800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q848979","display_name":"Citizen journalism","level":2,"score":0.387800008058548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777976496","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q541936","display_name":"Public participation","level":2,"score":0.3797999918460846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138921699","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47555","display_name":"Political economy","level":1,"score":0.326200008392334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188888794","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5468430","display_name":"Foreign policy analysis","level":4,"score":0.32330000400543213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780526558","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1345314","display_name":"Good governance","level":3,"score":0.3188000023365021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779018484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1186065","display_name":"Democratic deficit","level":4,"score":0.2937999963760376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44394981","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181648","display_name":"Foreign relations","level":4,"score":0.28529998660087585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776007630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2798912","display_name":"Accountability","level":2,"score":0.2808000147342682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776014549","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3050847","display_name":"Consolidation (business)","level":2,"score":0.2720000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203566152","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3179130","display_name":"Policy studies","level":3,"score":0.271699994802475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781246837","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5255883","display_name":"Democratic ideals","level":4,"score":0.26919999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781093426","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q284289","display_name":"Deliberative democracy","level":4,"score":0.26910001039505005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111439079","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192125","display_name":"Liberal democracy","level":4,"score":0.2687000036239624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169437150","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8458","display_name":"Human rights","level":2,"score":0.2655999958515167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.2639999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.26109999418258667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.2572999894618988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123587114","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2101508","display_name":"Policy analysis","level":2,"score":0.25679999589920044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780799905","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20901295","display_name":"Ministry of Foreign Affairs","level":2,"score":0.2513999938964844}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.54012/jssh.v2i1.855","doi":"https://doi.org/10.54012/jssh.v2i1.855","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.54012/jssh.v2i1.855","pdf_url":"https://journal.jcopublishing.com/index.php/jssh/article/download/855/590","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407053997","display_name":"Journal of Social Science and Humanities","issn_l":"3124-0313","issn":["3124-0313","3124-0321"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Social Science and Humanities","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.54012/jssh.v2i1.855","doi":"https://doi.org/10.54012/jssh.v2i1.855","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.54012/jssh.v2i1.855","pdf_url":"https://journal.jcopublishing.com/index.php/jssh/article/download/855/590","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407053997","display_name":"Journal of Social Science and Humanities","issn_l":"3124-0313","issn":["3124-0313","3124-0321"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Social Science and Humanities","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.9595999717712402}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7204997125.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7204997125.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W8358181","https://openalex.org/W2142225512","https://openalex.org/W2622163922","https://openalex.org/W2971653688","https://openalex.org/W4400477809","https://openalex.org/W4402893830","https://openalex.org/W4404859927","https://openalex.org/W6949456021","https://openalex.org/W7139053603"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7203993873","https://openalex.org/W7220536161","https://openalex.org/W3192751876","https://openalex.org/W7104066720","https://openalex.org/W7220548882","https://openalex.org/W4381154890","https://openalex.org/W7216149662","https://openalex.org/W7204240568","https://openalex.org/W8358181","https://openalex.org/W7220872810"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"study":[1,49,191,242],"examined":[2],"the":[3,10,20,51,206,214],"influence":[4,187],"of":[5,94,209],"civil":[6,95],"society,":[7],"public":[8,42,105,128,169,201,247],"opinion,":[9,202],"media,":[11],"and":[12,39,82,104,124,158,163,171,205,253],"institutional":[13],"actors":[14],"on":[15,72,92,173],"Nigeria\u2019s":[16,55,114,220],"foreign":[17,46,56,108,118,174,210,221,258],"policy":[18,43,57,83,119,175,211,222,259],"in":[19,41,63,107,151,257],"Fourth":[21],"Republic":[22],"using":[23],"liberal":[24,238],"democratic":[25,32,61,115,131,239],"theory":[26,33],"as":[27,76],"its":[28],"analytical":[29],"framework.":[30],"Liberal":[31],"emphasizes":[34],"citizen":[35],"participation,":[36],"accountability,":[37],"transparency,":[38,204],"responsiveness":[40],"formulation,":[44],"including":[45,196],"policy.":[47,109],"The":[48,190,241],"investigates":[50],"extent":[52],"to":[53,182,234],"which":[54],"process":[58],"reflects":[59],"these":[60],"principles":[62],"practice.":[64],"A":[65],"qualitative":[66],"research":[67],"design":[68],"was":[69],"adopted,":[70],"relying":[71],"secondary":[73],"sources":[74],"such":[75],"scholarly":[77],"books,":[78],"peer-reviewed":[79],"journal":[80],"articles,":[81],"documents.":[84],"Data":[85],"were":[86],"analyzed":[87],"through":[88],"content":[89],"analysis,":[90],"focusing":[91],"themes":[93],"society":[96,145],"engagement,":[97],"media":[98,165],"influence,":[99],"legislative":[100,251],"oversight,":[101,184,252],"elite":[102],"decision-making,":[103],"participation":[106],"Findings":[110],"reveal":[111],"that":[112,219],"despite":[113],"governance":[116,156],"structure,":[117],"formulation":[120],"remains":[121,188],"largely":[122],"executive-driven":[123],"elite-dominated,":[125],"limiting":[126],"broad":[127],"participation.":[129],"However,":[130],"consolidation":[132],"since":[133],"1999":[134],"has":[135,232],"created":[136],"opportunities":[137],"for":[138,153,199],"increased":[139],"involvement":[140],"by":[141],"non-state":[142],"actors.":[143],"Civil":[144],"organizations":[146],"have":[147,167,179],"become":[148],"more":[149,228],"active":[150],"advocating":[152],"human":[154],"rights,":[155],"reforms,":[157],"peacebuilding":[159],"initiatives,":[160],"while":[161],"traditional":[162],"digital":[164],"platforms":[166],"enhanced":[168],"awareness":[170],"discourse":[172],"issues.":[176],"Legislative":[177],"institutions":[178],"also":[180],"sought":[181],"exercise":[183],"though":[185],"their":[186],"limited.":[189],"further":[192],"identifies":[193],"persistent":[194],"challenges,":[195],"weak":[197],"mechanisms":[198],"incorporating":[200],"inadequate":[203],"continued":[207],"concentration":[208],"authority":[212],"within":[213],"executive":[215],"branch.":[216],"It":[217],"concludes":[218],"is":[223],"gradually":[224],"evolving":[225],"toward":[226],"a":[227],"participatory":[229],"model":[230],"but":[231],"yet":[233],"fully":[235],"align":[236],"with":[237],"ideals.":[240],"recommends,":[243],"among":[244],"others,":[245],"strengthening":[246],"consultation":[248],"mechanisms,":[249],"enhancing":[250],"promoting":[254],"greater":[255],"transparency":[256],"decision-making.":[260]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2026-09-02T00:00:00"}