{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7204991233","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-69210-1","title":"Retraction Note: Heat transfer analysis of Cu and Al2O3 dispersed in ethylene glycol as a base fluid over a stretchable permeable sheet of MHD thin-film flow","display_name":"Retraction Note: Heat transfer analysis of Cu and Al2O3 dispersed in ethylene glycol as a base fluid over a stretchable permeable sheet of MHD thin-film flow","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-09-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7204991233","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-69210-1","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42686895","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/13538522"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41598-026-69210-1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-69210-1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-69210-1","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-026-69210-1.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196734849","display_name":"Scientific Reports","issn_l":"2045-2322","issn":["2045-2322"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Scientific Reports","raw_type":"journal-article"},"parent_works":[],"lineage":["https://openalex.org/W7204991233"],"child_works_count":0,"type":"retraction","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-026-69210-1.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114191212","display_name":"Zeeshan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1305695959","display_name":"Bacha Khan University","ror":"https://ror.org/02an6vg71","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305695959"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zeeshan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Bacha Khan University Charsadda, Charsadda, KP, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Bacha Khan University Charsadda, Charsadda, KP, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1305695959"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5115596446","display_name":"Ilyas Khan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2056-9371","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2056-9371"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I195631090","display_name":"Majmaah University","ror":"https://ror.org/01mcrnj60","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I195631090"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ilyas Khan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, College of Science Al-Zulfi, Majmaah University, 11952, Al-Majmaah, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, College of Science Al-Zulfi, Majmaah University, 11952, Al-Majmaah, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I195631090"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081873979","display_name":"Wajaree Weera","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9595-6096","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9595-6096"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I179193067","display_name":"Khon Kaen University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cq4gr50","country_code":"TH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I179193067"]}],"countries":["TH"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Wajaree Weera","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand. wajawe@kku.ac.th"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand. wajawe@kku.ac.th","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I179193067"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5149075282","display_name":"Abdullah Mohamed","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186217134","display_name":"Future University in Egypt","ror":"https://ror.org/03s8c2x09","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186217134"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdullah Mohamed","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Centre, Future University in Egypt, New Cairo, 11835, Egypt"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Centre, Future University in Egypt, New Cairo, 11835, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186217134"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5081873979"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I179193067"],"apc_list":{"value":2690,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2690},"apc_paid":{"value":2690,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2690},"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":true,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10104","display_name":"Nanofluid Flow and Heat Transfer","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1507","display_name":"Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/15","display_name":"Chemical Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10104","display_name":"Nanofluid Flow and Heat Transfer","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1507","display_name":"Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/15","display_name":"Chemical Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10998","display_name":"Heat Transfer and Optimization","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13116","display_name":"Heat Transfer and Numerical Methods","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/authorship-disputes","display_name":"authorship disputes","score":0.8270000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heat-transfer","display_name":"heat transfer","score":0.9139999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/copper-nanoparticles","display_name":"copper nanoparticles","score":0.6859999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/al2o3-nanoparticles","display_name":"Al2O3 nanoparticles","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ethylene-glycol","display_name":"ethylene glycol","score":0.9070000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mhd-flow","display_name":"magnetohydrodynamic flow","score":0.8009999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thin-film-flow","display_name":"thin film flow","score":0.9179999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/permeable-sheet","display_name":"permeable sheet","score":0.7879999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nanofluids","display_name":"nanofluids","score":0.7730000019073486}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777516009","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194207","display_name":"Ethylene glycol","level":2,"score":0.767300009727478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.7214000225067139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31532427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2549249","display_name":"Magnetohydrodynamics","level":3,"score":0.6757000088691711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50517652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179635","display_name":"Heat transfer","level":2,"score":0.6381000280380249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42058472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q810214","display_name":"Base (topology)","level":2,"score":0.6349999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38349280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1434290","display_name":"Flow (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5795999765396118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.4593999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776740192","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4866395","display_name":"Base flow","level":3,"score":0.37929999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90278072","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q216320","display_name":"Fluid dynamics","level":2,"score":0.37310001254081726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42360764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83588","display_name":"Chemical engineering","level":1,"score":0.35580000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2994001752","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3074474","display_name":"Heat transfer fluid","level":3,"score":0.33640000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57879066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41217","display_name":"Mechanics","level":1,"score":0.3239000141620636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51038369","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q909534","display_name":"Mass transfer","level":2,"score":0.31380000710487366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.2867000102996826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020168488","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q65069798","display_name":"High heat","level":2,"score":0.2515999972820282}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41598-026-69210-1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-69210-1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-69210-1","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-026-69210-1.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196734849","display_name":"Scientific Reports","issn_l":"2045-2322","issn":["2045-2322"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Scientific Reports","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:13538522","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13538522/","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13538522/pdf/41598_2026_Article_69210.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sci Rep","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:42686895","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42686895","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Scientific reports","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:4af89e9ac49746a2b82c7609e58fd512","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/4af89e9ac49746a2b82c7609e58fd512","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Scientific Reports, Vol 16, Iss 1 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41598-026-69210-1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-69210-1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-69210-1","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-026-69210-1.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196734849","display_name":"Scientific Reports","issn_l":"2045-2322","issn":["2045-2322"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Scientific Reports","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7204991233.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7130559059","https://openalex.org/W7165558083","https://openalex.org/W3208244425","https://openalex.org/W6901775228","https://openalex.org/W3209998960","https://openalex.org/W7000397296","https://openalex.org/W2913840115","https://openalex.org/W2322517915","https://openalex.org/W2751710009","https://openalex.org/W7168695016"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"After":[0],"publication,":[1],"concerns":[2,39],"were":[3,33],"raised":[4],"regarding":[5],"the":[6,14,25,30,38,42,51],"authorship":[7],"of":[8,53],"this":[9,54],"Article.":[10,55],"The":[11,44],"Editors":[12,45],"requested":[13],"code,":[15],"underlying":[16],"raw":[17],"data,":[18],"and":[19,32],"evidence":[20],"for":[21],"author":[22],"contributions,":[23],"but":[24],"Authors":[26],"did":[27],"not":[28,34],"provide":[29],"data":[31],"able":[35],"to":[36,41],"address":[37],"related":[40],"authorship.":[43],"have":[46],"therefore":[47],"lost":[48],"confidence":[49],"in":[50],"contents":[52]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-29T09:56:32.521200","created_date":"2026-09-02T00:00:00"}