{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7204970807","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2608.28847","title":"A Reconfigurable Pipelined-SAR ADC with Embedded Compression for Temporal Compressed-Sensing Ultrasound Imaging","display_name":"A Reconfigurable Pipelined-SAR ADC with Embedded Compression for Temporal Compressed-Sensing Ultrasound Imaging","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-08-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7204970807","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2608.28847"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2608.28847","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.28847","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2608.28847","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["arxiv","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2608.28847","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004399808","display_name":"Reza Pakdaman Zangabad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5927-524X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5927-524X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zangabad, Reza Pakdaman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mechanical Engineering Depart- ment , Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta , GA 30332 USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mechanical Engineering Depart- ment , Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta , GA 30332 USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5135375553","display_name":"Xitie Zhang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhang, Xitie","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mechanical Engineering Depart- ment , Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta , GA 30332 USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mechanical Engineering Depart- ment , Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta , GA 30332 USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091243381","display_name":"F. Levent Degertekin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9198-8525","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9198-8525"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Degertekin, Levent","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mechanical Engineering Depart- ment , Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta , GA 30332 USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mechanical Engineering Depart- ment , Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta , GA 30332 USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030597298","display_name":"Shaolan Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2736-5451","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2736-5451"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Li, Shaolan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical and Computer Engineering Departments , Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta , GA 30332 USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Computer Engineering Departments , Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta , GA 30332 USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":0.9496999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":0.9496999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10500","display_name":"Sparse and Compressive Sensing Techniques","score":0.01269999984651804,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10727","display_name":"Ultrasound Imaging and Elastography","score":0.010499999858438969,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/compressed-sensing","display_name":"compressed sensing","score":0.8930000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-compression","display_name":"time compression","score":0.8180000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ultrasonography","display_name":"ultrasonography","score":0.8270000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamforming","display_name":"beamforming","score":0.6000000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-power-analog-to-digital-conversion","display_name":"low-power analog-to-digital conversion","score":0.6179999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speckle","display_name":"speckle","score":0.5180000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cyst-detection","display_name":"cyst detection","score":0.45899999141693115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reconfigurable-adc","display_name":"reconfigurable ADC","score":0.5180000066757202}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119293636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q657480","display_name":"Spurious-free dynamic range","level":3,"score":0.5566999912261963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143753070","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162564","display_name":"Ultrasound","level":2,"score":0.546999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.5260999798774719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25797200","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q828137","display_name":"Compression ratio","level":3,"score":0.4862000048160553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180016635","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2712821","display_name":"Compression (physics)","level":2,"score":0.47519999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4251999855041504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60154766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2650458","display_name":"Successive approximation ADC","level":4,"score":0.4187000095844269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165005293","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074500","display_name":"Chip","level":2,"score":0.40950000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78548338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2493","display_name":"Data compression","level":2,"score":0.4000999927520752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140779682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210868","display_name":"Sampling (signal processing)","level":3,"score":0.38960000872612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64012434","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6839290","display_name":"Microbubbles","level":3,"score":0.38589999079704285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136229726","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327092","display_name":"Biomedical engineering","level":1,"score":0.36820000410079956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986892559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q234904","display_name":"Ultrasound imaging","level":3,"score":0.3499999940395355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3434999883174896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31601959","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q931309","display_name":"Medical imaging","level":2,"score":0.3231000006198883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81288441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20736125","display_name":"Ultrasonic sensor","level":2,"score":0.31949999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.3179999887943268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992165143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q234904","display_name":"Medical ultrasound","level":3,"score":0.31520000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56318395","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q215928","display_name":"Transducer","level":2,"score":0.30250000953674316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778192920","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16874989","display_name":"Signal compression","level":4,"score":0.30149999260902405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81081738","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55542","display_name":"Lossless compression","level":3,"score":0.29010000824928284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125411270","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18653","display_name":"Encoding (memory)","level":2,"score":0.2888999879360199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.28279998898506165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2989478337","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q234904","display_name":"Ultrasonic imaging","level":3,"score":0.28139999508857727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74064498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3396184","display_name":"Radio frequency","level":2,"score":0.27639999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76935873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q209121","display_name":"Image sensor","level":2,"score":0.27219998836517334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.2694999873638153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2989005","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214963","display_name":"Nuclear medicine","level":1,"score":0.2628999948501587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.25209999084472656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194257627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q211554","display_name":"Amplifier","level":3,"score":0.2517000138759613}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2608.28847","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.28847","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2608.28847","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2608.28847","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2608.28847","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2608.28847","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2608.28847","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.28847","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2608.28847","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G9000042961","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1R21EB034991","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7204970807.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7204970807.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2372038329","https://openalex.org/W2542076270","https://openalex.org/W3171226250","https://openalex.org/W2168042711","https://openalex.org/W2890605653","https://openalex.org/W2966242913","https://openalex.org/W2298596471","https://openalex.org/W2095203951","https://openalex.org/W4414230206","https://openalex.org/W4405709961"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Compact":[0],"ultrasound":[1,33,90],"imaging":[2],"systems":[3],"are":[4,43,56,75],"increasingly":[5],"constrained":[6],"by":[7],"receiver-side":[8],"sampling,":[9],"conversion,":[10],"memory,":[11],"and":[12,40,70,85,102,117,121,136,141,153,161,184,196,213],"data-transfer":[13],"requirements.":[14],"This":[15],"work":[16],"presents":[17],"a":[18,80,99,125,201],"compressed-sensing":[19],"pipelined":[20],"successive-approximation-register":[21],"analog-to-digital":[22],"converter":[23],"(CS-SAR":[24],"ADC)":[25],"for":[26,124,139],"acquisition-side":[27],"temporal":[28,64,206],"compression":[29,65,207],"of":[30,67,159],"pre-beamformed":[31],"medical":[32],"radio-frequency":[34],"(RF)":[35],"data.":[36],"Pseudo-random":[37],"polarity":[38],"modulation":[39],"charge-domain":[41],"accumulation":[42],"embedded":[44],"in":[45,191,204],"the":[46,107,177,192],"SAR":[47],"sampling":[48],"network":[49],"so":[50],"that":[51],"multiple":[52],"consecutive":[53],"RF":[54,83,146],"samples":[55],"encoded":[57],"into":[58],"one":[59],"measurement":[60],"before":[61],"quantization,":[62],"supporting":[63],"ratios":[66],"$N_{cT}=1$,":[68],"2,":[69],"4.":[71,142],"The":[72,128],"compressed":[73],"outputs":[74],"recovered":[76],"off":[77],"chip":[78],"using":[79],"probe-specific":[81],"pulse-dictionary":[82],"model":[84],"then":[86],"processed":[87],"with":[88,98,155,171],"conventional":[89],"beamforming.":[91],"A":[92],"65-nm":[93],"CMOS":[94],"prototype":[95],"was":[96],"measured":[97],"1.2-V":[100],"supply":[101],"50-MHz":[103],"master":[104],"clock.":[105],"In":[106,176],"non-compressed":[108],"mode,":[109],"it":[110],"operates":[111],"at":[112],"10":[113],"MS/s,":[114],"consumes":[115],"964.49~$\u03bc$W,":[116],"achieves":[118],"44.12-dB":[119],"SNDR":[120],"56.40-dB":[122],"SFDR":[123],"7.7-kHz":[126],"input.":[127],"ADC":[129,210],"output":[130,214],"rates":[131],"decrease":[132],"to":[133,194],"5":[134],"MS/s":[135,138],"2.5":[137],"$N_{cT}=2$":[140],"Across":[143],"all":[144],"evaluated":[145],"traces,":[147],"median":[148,156],"NCC":[149],"values":[150,158],"were":[151],"0.981":[152],"0.932,":[154],"NRMSE":[157],"0.36":[160],"0.56,":[162],"respectively.":[163],"Wire-phantom":[164],"localization":[165],"error":[166],"remained":[167,182],"below":[168],"0.04":[169],"mm":[170],"no":[172],"appreciable":[173],"FWHM":[174],"degradation.":[175],"speckle-rich":[178],"cyst":[179,223],"phantom,":[180],"SSIM":[181],"0.94":[183],"0.87,":[185],"while":[186,217],"CNR":[187],"decreased":[188],"from":[189],"3.534":[190],"reference":[193],"2.047":[195],"1.379.":[197],"These":[198],"results":[199],"demonstrate":[200],"hardware-realistic":[202],"tradeoff":[203],"which":[205],"substantially":[208],"reduces":[209],"conversion":[211],"count":[212],"data":[215],"rate":[216],"preserving":[218],"point-target":[219],"geometry,":[220],"whereas":[221],"low-contrast":[222],"conspicuity":[224],"is":[225],"more":[226],"compression-sensitive.":[227]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-06T12:05:46.655746","created_date":"2026-09-02T00:00:00"}