{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7204951489","doi":"https://doi.org/10.32942/x24098","title":"Q&A: Genetic Lineages","display_name":"Q&A: Genetic Lineages","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7204951489","doi":"https://doi.org/10.32942/x24098"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.32942/x24098","doi":"https://doi.org/10.32942/x24098","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.32942/x24098","pdf_url":"https://ecoevorxiv.org/repository/object/14681/download/25538/","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://ecoevorxiv.org/repository/object/14681/download/25538/","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081790648","display_name":"Joanna Masel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7398-2127","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7398-2127"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138006243","display_name":"University of Arizona","ror":"https://ror.org/03m2x1q45","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joanna Masel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dpt. Ecology & Evolutionary Biology , University of Arizona , Tucson AZ 85721 , USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7398-2127","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dpt. Ecology & Evolutionary Biology , University of Arizona , Tucson AZ 85721 , USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011283939","display_name":"Daniel J. B. Smith","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4367-6556","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4367-6556"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniel Smith","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Integrative Biology and the"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4367-6556","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Integrative Biology and the","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058632513","display_name":"Daniel Weinreich","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27804330","display_name":"Brown University","ror":"https://ror.org/05gq02987","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27804330"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86519309","display_name":"The University of Texas at Austin","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj54h04","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniel Weinreich","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Ecology, Evolution and Organismal Biology , and Center for Computational Molecular Biology , Brown University , Providence , RI 02912 , USA","Oden Institute for Computational Engineering and Sciences , The University of Texas at Austin , Austin , TX 78712 , United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ecology, Evolution and Organismal Biology , and Center for Computational Molecular Biology , Brown University , Providence , RI 02912 , USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27804330"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Oden Institute for Computational Engineering and Sciences , The University of Texas at Austin , Austin , TX 78712 , United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033890019","display_name":"Jeremy Van Cleve","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3656-4257","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3656-4257"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143302722","display_name":"University of Kentucky","ror":"https://ror.org/02k3smh20","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143302722"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jeremy Van Cleve","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biology , University of Kentucky , Lexington , KY 40502 USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biology , University of Kentucky , Lexington , KY 40502 USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143302722"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11764","display_name":"Evolution and Genetic Dynamics","score":0.5557000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11764","display_name":"Evolution and Genetic Dynamics","score":0.5557000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10012","display_name":"Genetic diversity and population structure","score":0.2816999852657318,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11152","display_name":"Stochastic processes and statistical mechanics","score":0.04500000178813934,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2610","display_name":"Mathematical Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-lineages","display_name":"genetic lineages","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ancestral-recombination-graph","display_name":"ancestral recombination graph","score":0.8109999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/population-genetics","display_name":"population genetics","score":0.6349999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alleles","display_name":"alleles","score":0.5730000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pedigree","display_name":"pedigree","score":0.9869999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/recombination","display_name":"recombination","score":0.4699999988079071}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.6176999807357788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.5756999850273132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.5101000070571899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993807623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7020","display_name":"Genetic data","level":3,"score":0.4551999866962433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180754005","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80726","display_name":"Allele","level":3,"score":0.4544999897480011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.4074999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776817793","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6553369","display_name":"Lineage (genetic)","level":3,"score":0.3846000134944916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781238097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175026","display_name":"Object (grammar)","level":2,"score":0.37119999527931213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.36340001225471497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68873052","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q349856","display_name":"Genetic variation","level":3,"score":0.35370001196861267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167683757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5937774","display_name":"Human evolutionary genetics","level":4,"score":0.3262999951839447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85721925","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31151","display_name":"Population genetics","level":3,"score":0.3246000111103058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988562018","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1063","display_name":"Biological evolution","level":2,"score":0.2904999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C501734568","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42918","display_name":"Mutation","level":3,"score":0.2892000079154968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172777353","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1374271","display_name":"Genetic variability","level":4,"score":0.26019999384880066}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.32942/x24098","doi":"https://doi.org/10.32942/x24098","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.32942/x24098","pdf_url":"https://ecoevorxiv.org/repository/object/14681/download/25538/","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.32942/x24098","doi":"https://doi.org/10.32942/x24098","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.32942/x24098","pdf_url":"https://ecoevorxiv.org/repository/object/14681/download/25538/","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1229935315","display_name":"Collaborative Research: Testing the Role that Biotic Interactions Play in the Latitudinal Diversity Gradient: A Chemical Community Ecology Approach to Understanding Tree Diversity","funder_award_id":"2240430","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2480553173","display_name":"CAREER:   Genetic architecture and the construction of complex social traits","funder_award_id":"1846260","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3787133870","display_name":"Agency, Directionality, and Function: Foundations for a Science of Purpose","funder_award_id":"62220","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306193","funder_display_name":"John Templeton Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5056739009","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2240430","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337400","funder_display_name":"Division of Environmental Biology"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306193","display_name":"John Templeton Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/035tnyy05"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309070","display_name":"Brown University","ror":"https://ror.org/05gq02987"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320329205","display_name":"Banff International Research Station for Mathematical Innovation and Discovery","ror":"https://ror.org/00ehdct47"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337400","display_name":"Division of Environmental Biology","ror":"https://ror.org/03g87he71"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7204951489.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7204951489.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":70,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1430512513","https://openalex.org/W1558559571","https://openalex.org/W1574004712","https://openalex.org/W1772491426","https://openalex.org/W1839838630","https://openalex.org/W1928220195","https://openalex.org/W1956714629","https://openalex.org/W1967829443","https://openalex.org/W1972992827","https://openalex.org/W1984721570","https://openalex.org/W1985561503","https://openalex.org/W1986904162","https://openalex.org/W1991595275","https://openalex.org/W2001659975","https://openalex.org/W2002596897","https://openalex.org/W2007137137","https://openalex.org/W2017880973","https://openalex.org/W2018383824","https://openalex.org/W2022302606","https://openalex.org/W2023553163","https://openalex.org/W2025961439","https://openalex.org/W2028798910","https://openalex.org/W2032090023","https://openalex.org/W2038886774","https://openalex.org/W2042663982","https://openalex.org/W2043202888","https://openalex.org/W2055907850","https://openalex.org/W2057743071","https://openalex.org/W2062227639","https://openalex.org/W2063792498","https://openalex.org/W2070837478","https://openalex.org/W2074659247","https://openalex.org/W2075835683","https://openalex.org/W2083605491","https://openalex.org/W2085728653","https://openalex.org/W2085850813","https://openalex.org/W2087443216","https://openalex.org/W2091332338","https://openalex.org/W2110962894","https://openalex.org/W2117715276","https://openalex.org/W2118055782","https://openalex.org/W2123684750","https://openalex.org/W2125492167","https://openalex.org/W2126608070","https://openalex.org/W2145608399","https://openalex.org/W2147718411","https://openalex.org/W2155420018","https://openalex.org/W2171463101","https://openalex.org/W2280463078","https://openalex.org/W2318095596","https://openalex.org/W2321661448","https://openalex.org/W2745406230","https://openalex.org/W2915041973","https://openalex.org/W2951848721","https://openalex.org/W2963813834","https://openalex.org/W2985687430","https://openalex.org/W3014807564","https://openalex.org/W3022777289","https://openalex.org/W3032933344","https://openalex.org/W4205175008","https://openalex.org/W4210633230","https://openalex.org/W4255650793","https://openalex.org/W4327860562","https://openalex.org/W4376872235","https://openalex.org/W4390970843","https://openalex.org/W4393078021","https://openalex.org/W4394711289","https://openalex.org/W4399116253","https://openalex.org/W4408384774","https://openalex.org/W4415804566"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7097344241","https://openalex.org/W7096426579","https://openalex.org/W7095256460","https://openalex.org/W7098277232","https://openalex.org/W7099030360","https://openalex.org/W3194293175","https://openalex.org/W244116234","https://openalex.org/W7100166469","https://openalex.org/W2067683493","https://openalex.org/W4388243130"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Genetic":[0],"lineages":[1,36,63],"are":[2,18,64,81],"key":[3],"to":[4,34,51,66],"understanding":[5,69],"evolution":[6,12],"in":[7,37,49],"complex":[8],"scenarios":[9],"and":[10,39],"the":[11],"of":[13,70],"genetic":[14,35,79],"systems.":[15],"However,":[16],"they":[17],"often":[19],"misunderstood;":[20],"for":[21,74],"example,":[22],"confused":[23],"with":[24],"alleles":[25],"or":[26],"pedigrees.":[27],"Here,":[28],"we":[29],"provide":[30],"an":[31],"accessible":[32],"introduction":[33],"question":[38],"answer":[40],"format,":[41],"from":[42],"their":[43,52],"definition":[44],"as":[45],"a":[46,67],"physical":[47],"object":[48],"space-time":[50],"empirical":[53],"characterization":[54],"through":[55],"ancestral":[56],"recombination":[57],"graphs.":[58],"We":[59],"then":[60],"illustrate":[61],"how":[62],"essential":[65],"clear":[68],"several":[71],"cutting-edge":[72],"problems,":[73],"which":[75],"more":[76],"classical":[77],"population":[78],"techniques":[80],"inadequate.":[82]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2026-09-02T00:00:00"}