{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7204947756","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.urology.2026.08.037","title":"Rising Active Surveillance/Observation Rates and Regimen Intensification in Young Men: A Retrospective Cohort Study of National Commercial Health Insurance Claims Data","display_name":"Rising Active Surveillance/Observation Rates and Regimen Intensification in Young Men: A Retrospective Cohort Study of National Commercial Health Insurance Claims Data","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7204947756","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.urology.2026.08.037","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42679931","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/13698806"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.urology.2026.08.037","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.urology.2026.08.037","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.urology.2026.08.037","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196979320","display_name":"Urology","issn_l":"0090-4295","issn":["0090-4295","1527-9995"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Urology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13698806/pdf/nihms-2208559.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101544482","display_name":"J. Bradley Mason","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1755-5742","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1755-5742"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40347166","display_name":"University of Chicago","ror":"https://ror.org/024mw5h28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"J. Bradley Mason","raw_affiliation_strings":["Surgical Implementation and Health Services Research, Department of Surgery, Section of Urology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; Section of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL. Electronic address: jbradleymason@gmail.com"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1755-5742","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Surgical Implementation and Health Services Research, Department of Surgery, Section of Urology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; Section of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL. Electronic address: jbradleymason@gmail.com","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015580526","display_name":"Max J. Hyman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9829-5868","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9829-5868"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40347166","display_name":"University of Chicago","ror":"https://ror.org/024mw5h28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Max J. Hyman","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Center for Health and the Social Sciences, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9829-5868","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Center for Health and the Social Sciences, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5135871779","display_name":"Abhinav Sidana","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40347166","display_name":"University of Chicago","ror":"https://ror.org/024mw5h28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abhinav Sidana","raw_affiliation_strings":["Section of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Section of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003694149","display_name":"Ted A. Skolarus","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5859-8151","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5859-8151"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40347166","display_name":"University of Chicago","ror":"https://ror.org/024mw5h28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ted A. Skolarus","raw_affiliation_strings":["Surgical Implementation and Health Services Research, Department of Surgery, Section of Urology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; Section of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Surgical Implementation and Health Services Research, Department of Surgery, Section of Urology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; Section of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066461876","display_name":"Parth K. Modi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5754-4445","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5754-4445"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40347166","display_name":"University of Chicago","ror":"https://ror.org/024mw5h28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Parth K. Modi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Surgical Implementation and Health Services Research, Department of Surgery, Section of Urology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; Section of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5754-4445","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Surgical Implementation and Health Services Research, Department of Surgery, Section of Urology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; Section of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101544482"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40347166"],"apc_list":{"value":3200,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3200},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.64824242,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10124","display_name":"Prostate Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10124","display_name":"Prostate Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10543","display_name":"Prostate Cancer Treatment and Research","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10556","display_name":"Global Cancer Incidence and Screening","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2730","display_name":"Oncology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/active-surveillance","display_name":"active surveillance","score":0.8059999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/localized-prostate-cancer","display_name":"localized prostate cancer","score":0.8140000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/young-men","display_name":"young men","score":0.8230000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/treatment-free-survival","display_name":"treatment-free survival","score":0.7149999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prostatectomy","display_name":"prostatectomy","score":0.8040000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psa-monitoring","display_name":"PSA monitoring","score":0.4869999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/healthcare-utilization-trends","display_name":"health care utilization trends","score":0.6890000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/treatment-selection","display_name":"treatment selection","score":0.4519999921321869}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.970300018787384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167135981","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2146302","display_name":"Retrospective cohort study","level":2,"score":0.7497000098228455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984542250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1519138","display_name":"National health insurance","level":3,"score":0.6744999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983635472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q334911","display_name":"Health insurance","level":3,"score":0.5091999769210815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201903717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1778788","display_name":"Cohort study","level":2,"score":0.4729999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781413609","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7308373","display_name":"Regimen","level":2,"score":0.44909998774528503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512399662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3505712","display_name":"Family medicine","level":1,"score":0.39719998836517334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.38989999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72563966","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1303415","display_name":"Cohort","level":2,"score":0.35109999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194828623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2861470","display_name":"Emergency medicine","level":1,"score":0.35089999437332153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779473830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540899","display_name":"MEDLINE","level":2,"score":0.3361999988555908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138816342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189603","display_name":"Public health","level":2,"score":0.32330000400543213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107130276","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133805","display_name":"Epidemiology","level":2,"score":0.3188999891281128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992435398","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6934595","display_name":"Multicenter study","level":3,"score":0.3183000087738037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205545832","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17156455","display_name":"Young adult","level":2,"score":0.2922999858856201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187212893","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q123028","display_name":"Pediatrics","level":1,"score":0.2750000059604645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87662996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5256447","display_name":"Health claims on food labels","level":2,"score":0.26820001006126404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C545542383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2751242","display_name":"Medical emergency","level":1,"score":0.2572999894618988}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.urology.2026.08.037","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.urology.2026.08.037","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.urology.2026.08.037","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196979320","display_name":"Urology","issn_l":"0090-4295","issn":["0090-4295","1527-9995"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Urology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:13698806","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13698806/","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13698806/pdf/nihms-2208559.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Urology","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:42679931","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42679931","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Urology","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:13698806","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13698806/","pdf_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13698806/pdf/nihms-2208559.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Urology","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":1.0,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","score":0.5107701420783997,"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332851","display_name":"Bucksbaum Institute for Clinical Excellence","ror":"https://ror.org/024mw5h28"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337351","display_name":"National Cancer Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/040gcmg81"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7204947756.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7204947756.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2287642617","https://openalex.org/W2291813266","https://openalex.org/W2336856317","https://openalex.org/W2564355060","https://openalex.org/W2599915045","https://openalex.org/W2793905111","https://openalex.org/W2804681057","https://openalex.org/W2808933803","https://openalex.org/W2852909620","https://openalex.org/W2886228525","https://openalex.org/W2897236707","https://openalex.org/W2909320605","https://openalex.org/W2911777256","https://openalex.org/W2999472739","https://openalex.org/W3110753243","https://openalex.org/W3183065453","https://openalex.org/W4235468420","https://openalex.org/W4280534551","https://openalex.org/W4287921875","https://openalex.org/W4322757957","https://openalex.org/W4399172646","https://openalex.org/W4404568276","https://openalex.org/W4412396415","https://openalex.org/W4416735654"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2530850291","https://openalex.org/W4410808348","https://openalex.org/W4411729774","https://openalex.org/W4400720534","https://openalex.org/W2564885806","https://openalex.org/W7133214231","https://openalex.org/W1482697492","https://openalex.org/W4394801442","https://openalex.org/W2039071029","https://openalex.org/W2949186437"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2026-09-02T00:00:00"}