{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7204928345","doi":"https://doi.org/10.70232/jtal.v2i2.27","title":"University Support for Self-Directed Learning: Cambodian Students\u2019 Perceptions and Experiences","display_name":"University Support for Self-Directed Learning: Cambodian Students\u2019 Perceptions and Experiences","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-08-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7204928345","doi":"https://doi.org/10.70232/jtal.v2i2.27"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.70232/jtal.v2i2.27","doi":"https://doi.org/10.70232/jtal.v2i2.27","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.70232/jtal.v2i2.27","pdf_url":"https://spm-online.com/jtal/index.php/journal/article/download/27/24","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5407049946","display_name":"Journal of Technology-Assisted Learning","issn_l":"3089-7408","issn":["3089-7408","3089-7394"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Technology-Assisted Learning","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://spm-online.com/jtal/index.php/journal/article/download/27/24","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025321410","display_name":"Pisith Chin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-4784-717X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0003-4784-717X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210093930","display_name":"Chea Sim University of Kamchaymear","ror":"https://ror.org/00t7s3z39","country_code":"KH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210093930"]}],"countries":["KH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pisith Chin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Educational Science, National University of Cheasim Kamchaymear, Kampong Cham, Cambodia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-4784-717X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Educational Science, National University of Cheasim Kamchaymear, Kampong Cham, Cambodia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210093930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019716114","display_name":"Sereyrath Em","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6803-195X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6803-195X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210093930","display_name":"Chea Sim University of Kamchaymear","ror":"https://ror.org/00t7s3z39","country_code":"KH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210093930"]}],"countries":["KH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sereyrath Em","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Educational Science, National University of Cheasim Kamchaymear, Kampong Cham, Cambodia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6803-195X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Educational Science, National University of Cheasim Kamchaymear, Kampong Cham, Cambodia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210093930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073120926","display_name":"Rany Sam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3266-5974","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3266-5974"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405255858","display_name":"National University of Battambang","ror":"https://ror.org/03ggezs29","country_code":"KH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405255858"]}],"countries":["KH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rany Sam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Educational Science, National University of Battambang, Battambang, Cambodia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3266-5974","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Educational Science, National University of Battambang, Battambang, Cambodia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405255858"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5093465791","display_name":"Mardy Serey","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1049-7324","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1049-7324"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210108007","display_name":"Svay Rieng University","ror":"https://ror.org/010nsc013","country_code":"KH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210108007"]}],"countries":["KH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mardy Serey","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Agricultural Science, Svay Rieng University, Svay Rieng, Cambodia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1049-7324","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Agricultural Science, Svay Rieng University, Svay Rieng, Cambodia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210108007"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"2","issue":"2","first_page":"78","last_page":"93"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13895","display_name":"Educational Leadership and Innovation","score":0.538100004196167,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13895","display_name":"Educational Leadership and Innovation","score":0.538100004196167,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10636","display_name":"Innovative Teaching and Learning Methods","score":0.23970000445842743,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11039","display_name":"Evaluation of Teaching Practices","score":0.08110000193119049,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/self-directed-learning","display_name":"self-directed learning","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/university-support","display_name":"university support","score":0.8690000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/student-perceptions","display_name":"student perceptions","score":0.9580000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/student-centered-learning","display_name":"student-centered learning","score":0.8399999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/higher-education-reform","display_name":"higher education reform","score":0.7269999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/learning-environment","display_name":"learning environment","score":0.6150000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/online-learning-resources","display_name":"online learning resources","score":0.6669999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/undergraduate-students","display_name":"undergraduate students","score":0.4740000069141388}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108771440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q368475","display_name":"Lifelong learning","level":2,"score":0.7160000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98147612","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q215599","display_name":"Promotion (chess)","level":3,"score":0.6922000050544739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29122968","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414816","display_name":"Incentive","level":2,"score":0.6273000240325928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402","display_name":"Perception","level":2,"score":0.6100000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39896193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380344","display_name":"Descriptive statistics","level":2,"score":0.59579998254776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120912362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q136822","display_name":"Higher education","level":2,"score":0.5468999743461609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C509550671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126945","display_name":"Medical education","level":1,"score":0.5267999768257141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56995899","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1126687","display_name":"Focus group","level":2,"score":0.47040000557899475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.4490000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142546437","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2661195","display_name":"Descriptive research","level":2,"score":0.4381999969482422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177606310","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5674297","display_name":"Adaptability","level":2,"score":0.426800012588501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4101000130176544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.38040000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65067816","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2295139","display_name":"Computer-assisted web interviewing","level":2,"score":0.3296000063419342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776181820","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8434","display_name":"Formal learning","level":2,"score":0.3188999891281128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119883117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679789","display_name":"Information literacy","level":2,"score":0.31150001287460327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780745866","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6755402","display_name":"Open university","level":3,"score":0.3037000000476837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.2808000147342682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.27549999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C503872463","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159595","display_name":"Distance education","level":2,"score":0.27489998936653137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190248442","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q839486","display_name":"Qualitative research","level":2,"score":0.2689000070095062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158154518","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310970","display_name":"Relevance (law)","level":2,"score":0.2547000050544739}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.70232/jtal.v2i2.27","doi":"https://doi.org/10.70232/jtal.v2i2.27","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.70232/jtal.v2i2.27","pdf_url":"https://spm-online.com/jtal/index.php/journal/article/download/27/24","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5407049946","display_name":"Journal of Technology-Assisted Learning","issn_l":"3089-7408","issn":["3089-7408","3089-7394"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Technology-Assisted Learning","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.70232/jtal.v2i2.27","doi":"https://doi.org/10.70232/jtal.v2i2.27","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.70232/jtal.v2i2.27","pdf_url":"https://spm-online.com/jtal/index.php/journal/article/download/27/24","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5407049946","display_name":"Journal of Technology-Assisted Learning","issn_l":"3089-7408","issn":["3089-7408","3089-7394"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Technology-Assisted Learning","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality education","score":0.975600004196167,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7204928345.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7204928345.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W145133574","https://openalex.org/W229303733","https://openalex.org/W1526958516","https://openalex.org/W1970131054","https://openalex.org/W1982444863","https://openalex.org/W2011182411","https://openalex.org/W2014848265","https://openalex.org/W2036837007","https://openalex.org/W2047824278","https://openalex.org/W2062251337","https://openalex.org/W2075355359","https://openalex.org/W2080102380","https://openalex.org/W2082921487","https://openalex.org/W2114883239","https://openalex.org/W2117766479","https://openalex.org/W2122517769","https://openalex.org/W2153822440","https://openalex.org/W2157904933","https://openalex.org/W2588050207","https://openalex.org/W3094265949","https://openalex.org/W4235114045","https://openalex.org/W4246148901","https://openalex.org/W4292542163","https://openalex.org/W4298052160","https://openalex.org/W4312106158","https://openalex.org/W4389567825","https://openalex.org/W4406407052","https://openalex.org/W4410450243","https://openalex.org/W4410860490"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7015125460","https://openalex.org/W7221106786","https://openalex.org/W4416661579","https://openalex.org/W2248658938","https://openalex.org/W2659180781","https://openalex.org/W2505687790","https://openalex.org/W4401362529","https://openalex.org/W36155298","https://openalex.org/W7212392903","https://openalex.org/W7219964029"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"One":[0],"of":[1,58,66,81,92,95,110,116,130,142,148,194,201,206,213,235,253,274],"the":[2,9,34,64,79,93,108,128,139,146,160,167,243,251,272],"trends":[3],"in":[4,49,70,78,98,132,187,189,216,219,221,237,271],"higher":[5,68],"education":[6,69],"today":[7],"is":[8,101],"increased":[10],"focus":[11],"on":[12],"Self-Directed":[13],"Learning":[14],"(SDL).":[15],"SDL":[16,50,131,188,220,238,258,275],"helps":[17],"students":[18,45,112,135,180],"develop":[19],"such":[20,190],"important":[21],"skills":[22],"and":[23,31,37,55,145,204,233,261,277],"traits":[24],"as":[25,192],"independence,":[26],"critical":[27],"thinking,":[28],"lifelong":[29],"learning,":[30,83],"adaptability":[32],"to":[33,46,60,106,126,159,162,197,223,230,256,268],"dynamic":[35],"educational":[36],"professional":[38],"environment.":[39],"Thus,":[40],"universities":[41,252],"should":[42],"encourage":[43],"their":[44,61],"be":[47,87,269],"engaged":[48],"by":[51,74],"providing":[52],"sufficient":[53],"resources":[54,260],"other":[56],"kinds":[57],"help":[59],"students.":[62],"Although":[63],"process":[65],"reforming":[67],"Cambodia":[71,254],"was":[72,124,157,211],"accompanied":[73],"an":[75],"increasing":[76],"interest":[77],"promotion":[80],"student-centered":[82],"little":[84],"information":[85],"could":[86],"found":[88],"regarding":[89,113],"students\u2019":[90],"perceptions":[91,109],"level":[94,129],"university":[96,111,114,179,185,217],"assistance":[97,186,218],"SDL.":[99],"That":[100],"why":[102],"it":[103],"became":[104],"necessary":[105],"analyze":[107,166],"support":[115],"self-directed":[117],"learning.":[118],"A":[119],"quantitative":[120],"descriptive":[121,170],"research":[122],"method":[123],"applied":[125],"examine":[127],"634":[133],"undergraduate":[134],"who":[136],"study":[137,175],"at":[138],"National":[140],"University":[141,147],"Cheasim":[143],"Kamchaymear":[144],"Heng":[149],"Samrin":[150],"Thbongkhmum.":[151],"For":[152],"this":[153],"purpose,":[154],"a":[155,224],"questionnaire":[156],"distributed":[158],"respondents":[161],"fill":[163],"out.":[164],"To":[165],"data":[168],"collected,":[169],"statistics":[171],"were":[172],"used.":[173],"The":[174],"demonstrated":[176],"that":[177,250],"Cambodian":[178],"had":[181],"positive":[182],"attitudes":[183],"toward":[184],"aspects":[191],"encouragement":[193],"self-learning,":[195,232],"access":[196],"appropriate":[198],"material,":[199],"presence":[200],"learning":[202,226],"guidelines,":[203],"availability":[205],"online":[207],"sources.":[208],"Yet,":[209],"there":[210],"evidence":[212],"some":[214],"gaps":[215],"regard":[222],"supportive":[225],"environment,":[227],"tutoring/mentoring,":[228],"incentives":[229],"successful":[231],"assessment":[234],"progress":[236],"(the":[239],"last":[240],"one":[241,247],"received":[242],"lowest":[244],"rating).":[245],"Overall,":[246],"can":[248],"conclude":[249],"managed":[255],"promote":[257],"via":[259],"motivational":[262],"support,":[263],"but":[264],"more":[265],"work":[266],"remains":[267],"done":[270],"field":[273],"monitoring":[276],"feedback.":[278]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-12T12:28:57.059296","created_date":"2026-09-02T00:00:00"}
