{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7204917982","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2608.31001","title":"Work Extraction Across a Thermodynamic Hierarchy in Quantum Many-Body Systems","display_name":"Work Extraction Across a Thermodynamic Hierarchy in Quantum Many-Body Systems","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-08-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7204917982","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2608.31001"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2608.31001","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.31001","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2608.31001","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["arxiv","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2608.31001","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5099230489","display_name":"Akihiro Hokkyo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-0850-3167","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0009-0850-3167"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74801974","display_name":"The University of Tokyo","ror":"https://ror.org/057zh3y96","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hokkyo, Akihiro","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics , University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo , Bunkyo-ku , Tokyo 113-8654 , Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics , University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo , Bunkyo-ku , Tokyo 113-8654 , Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5135916563","display_name":"Masahito Ueda","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ueda, Masahito","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11520","display_name":"Advanced Thermodynamics and Statistical Mechanics","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11520","display_name":"Advanced Thermodynamics and Statistical Mechanics","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11804","display_name":"Quantum many-body systems","score":0.000699999975040555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10020","display_name":"Quantum Information and Cryptography","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/work-extraction","display_name":"work extraction","score":0.8080000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-many-body-systems","display_name":"quantum many-body systems","score":0.8849999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermalization","display_name":"thermalization","score":0.5770000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/entropy-density","display_name":"entropy density","score":0.6690000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/holevo-information","display_name":"Holevo information","score":0.9679999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spatial-resolution","display_name":"spatial resolution","score":0.6620000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonlocal-correlations","display_name":"nonlocal correlations","score":0.8870000243186951}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32848918","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q845789","display_name":"Observable","level":2,"score":0.7088000178337097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121864883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q677916","display_name":"Statistical physics","level":1,"score":0.6574000120162964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.642799973487854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106301342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4117933","display_name":"Entropy (arrow of time)","level":2,"score":0.6096000075340271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34388435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2267362","display_name":"Bounded function","level":2,"score":0.6043999791145325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31170391","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188619","display_name":"Hierarchy","level":2,"score":0.5382999777793884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84114770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46344","display_name":"Quantum","level":2,"score":0.5160999894142151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4634999930858612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776897741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12212546","display_name":"Quantum thermodynamics","level":3,"score":0.4223000109195709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29310469","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3175122","display_name":"Thermal equilibrium","level":2,"score":0.4034999907016754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.3982999920845032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204530211","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q752823","display_name":"Thermal","level":2,"score":0.3912999927997589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28826006","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33521","display_name":"Applied mathematics","level":1,"score":0.3684999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131157278","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q51363","display_name":"Thermodynamic equilibrium","level":2,"score":0.35510000586509705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77553402","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13222579","display_name":"Upper and lower bounds","level":2,"score":0.35199999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72169020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194404","display_name":"Monotonic function","level":2,"score":0.34049999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.328000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778926657","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum system","level":3,"score":0.3183000087738037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12668873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q230875","display_name":"Thermodynamic state","level":3,"score":0.27959999442100525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42047476","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6269544","display_name":"Joint quantum entropy","level":3,"score":0.2694000005722046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48103436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031","display_name":"State (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.2667999863624573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105236789","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q213016","display_name":"Thermodynamic process","level":3,"score":0.2632000148296356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14380042","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q503327","display_name":"Thermodynamic system","level":2,"score":0.2597000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33332235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18362","display_name":"Theoretical physics","level":1,"score":0.2581999897956848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.2565999925136566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24495805","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7269091","display_name":"Quantum relative entropy","level":5,"score":0.2540000081062317}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2608.31001","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.31001","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2608.31001","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2608.31001","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2608.31001","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2608.31001","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2608.31001","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.31001","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2608.31001","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2153974841","display_name":"\u6d6e\u63da\u30ca\u30ce\u7c92\u5b50\u304c\u62d3\u304f\u30cf\u30a4\u30d6\u30ea\u30c3\u30c9\u91cf\u5b50","funder_award_id":"JPMJCR23I1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334789","funder_display_name":"Japan Science and Technology Agency"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3376943125","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"JP22H01152","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334764","funder_display_name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6598263223","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"JPMJCR23I1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338075","funder_display_name":"Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334764","display_name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","ror":"https://ror.org/00hhkn466"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334789","display_name":"Japan Science and Technology Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/00097mb19"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335125","display_name":"RIKEN","ror":"https://ror.org/01sjwvz98"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338075","display_name":"Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00097mb19"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7204917982.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7204917982.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":4,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1565836297","https://openalex.org/W1884390393","https://openalex.org/W4385681975","https://openalex.org/W7204972356"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1967548147","https://openalex.org/W4406099957","https://openalex.org/W7125423902","https://openalex.org/W3174260196","https://openalex.org/W2562363118","https://openalex.org/W7163667133","https://openalex.org/W4392489196","https://openalex.org/W7131878284","https://openalex.org/W7172429704","https://openalex.org/W2752946334"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Thermodynamics":[0],"is":[1,26,89],"operational":[2,122],"in":[3,91],"the":[4,7,16,21,30,52,62,69,85,94,97,101,108,111,116,151,159,163,166],"sense":[5],"that":[6,36],"very":[8],"concept":[9],"of":[10,18,23,46,61,71,93,100,110,121,129,158],"thermal":[11,57],"equilibrium":[12],"depends":[13],"crucially":[14],"on":[15,165],"choice":[17],"observables,":[19],"while":[20],"amount":[22],"extractable":[24],"work":[25,83,87,167],"defined":[27],"relative":[28],"to":[29,137,172],"allowed":[31,49,72],"operations.":[32],"Here":[33],"we":[34],"show":[35],"isolated":[37],"quantum":[38],"many-body":[39],"states":[40],"admit":[41],"a":[42,79,173],"thermodynamic":[43,160],"hierarchical":[44],"structure":[45],"observables":[47],"and":[48,64,131,145],"operations,":[50],"where":[51],"same":[53],"state":[54],"can":[55],"be":[56],"at":[58,66,155],"one":[59],"level":[60],"hierarchy":[63,161],"athermal":[65],"another.":[67],"Enlarging":[68],"set":[70],"operations":[73],"therefore":[74],"renders":[75],"such":[76],"hidden":[77],"athermality":[78],"potential":[80],"resource":[81],"for":[82,118],"extraction;":[84],"resulting":[86],"gain":[88,168],"bounded":[90],"terms":[92],"difference":[95,106,152],"between":[96,142,153],"entropy":[98,105],"densities":[99],"two":[102],"levels.":[103],"This":[104],"takes":[107],"form":[109],"mutual-information":[112],"density.":[113],"We":[114],"establish":[115],"bounds":[117],"three":[119],"extensions":[120],"access:":[123],"increased":[124,127],"spatial":[125],"resolution,":[126],"duration":[128],"control,":[130],"nonlocal":[132,147],"connectivity,":[133],"which":[134],"provide":[135],"access":[136],"position-state":[138],"Holevo":[139],"information,":[140],"correlations":[141],"neighboring":[143],"regions":[144],"spatially":[146],"correlations,":[148],"respectively.":[149],"Thus":[150],"entropies":[154],"different":[156],"levels":[157],"governs":[162],"bound":[164],"associated":[169],"with":[170],"moving":[171],"less":[174],"restricted":[175],"level.":[176]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-11-08T12:12:28.789561","created_date":"2026-09-02T00:00:00"}