{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7204911744","doi":"https://doi.org/10.56983/eltm.v6i1.2046","title":"User Experience in Digital English Assessment: An Exploratory Comparison of Duolingo English Test and EnglishScore","display_name":"User Experience in Digital English Assessment: An Exploratory Comparison of Duolingo English Test and EnglishScore","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-04-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7204911744","doi":"https://doi.org/10.56983/eltm.v6i1.2046"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.56983/eltm.v6i1.2046","doi":"https://doi.org/10.56983/eltm.v6i1.2046","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.56983/eltm.v6i1.2046","pdf_url":"https://jurnal.fkip.unismuh.ac.id/index.php/eltm/article/download/2046/852","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4387283680","display_name":"English Language Teaching Methodology","issn_l":"2810-0352","issn":["2810-0352","2828-1586"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315165","host_organization_name":"Muhammadiyah University of Makassar","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315165"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Muhammadiyah University of Makassar"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"English Language Teaching Methodology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://jurnal.fkip.unismuh.ac.id/index.php/eltm/article/download/2046/852","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009751833","display_name":"Samsul Khabib","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5370-2645","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5370-2645"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387930225","display_name":"Universitas PGRI Adi Buana Surabaya","ror":"https://ror.org/00g8jvh18","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387930225"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Samsul Khabib","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universitas PGRI Adi Buana Surabaya"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5370-2645","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universitas PGRI Adi Buana Surabaya","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4387930225"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070958071","display_name":"Las Johansen B. Caluza","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4353-6916","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4353-6916"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I317352782","display_name":"Leyte Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/011xrgv27","country_code":"PH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I317352782"]}],"countries":["PH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Las Johansen B. Caluza","raw_affiliation_strings":["Leyte Normal University (LNU), Philippines"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Leyte Normal University (LNU), Philippines","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I317352782"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.52094222,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":"1","first_page":"52","last_page":"64"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14516","display_name":"English Language Learning and Teaching","score":0.9526000022888184,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14516","display_name":"English Language Learning and Teaching","score":0.9526000022888184,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10021","display_name":"EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning","score":0.030799999833106995,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10470","display_name":"Usability and User Interface Design","score":0.0020000000949949026,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/user-experience","display_name":"user experience","score":0.9589999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/duolingo-english-test","display_name":"Duolingo English Test","score":0.9909999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/english-as-a-foreign-language","display_name":"English as a foreign language","score":0.8370000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/test-usability","display_name":"test usability","score":0.4090000092983246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/efl-assessment","display_name":"EFL assessment","score":0.3619999885559082}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777146004","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14949826","display_name":"CLARITY","level":2,"score":0.8892999887466431},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170130773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q216378","display_name":"Usability","level":2,"score":0.7135999798774719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777267654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3519023","display_name":"Test (biology)","level":2,"score":0.6503999829292297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.5145000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.45410001277923584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198531522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485146","display_name":"Sample (material)","level":2,"score":0.44359999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85973986","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1091731","display_name":"Exploratory research","level":2,"score":0.4016999900341034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201025465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11248500","display_name":"User experience design","level":2,"score":0.3912000060081482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987496018","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1860","display_name":"English language","level":2,"score":0.3765999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49774154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131765","display_name":"Multimedia","level":1,"score":0.3720000088214874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133462117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4929239","display_name":"Data collection","level":2,"score":0.36390000581741333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196083921","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7915758","display_name":"Variance (accounting)","level":2,"score":0.34380000829696655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176730311","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q867668","display_name":"Multiple choice","level":3,"score":0.3287000060081482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165957694","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5421350","display_name":"Exploratory factor analysis","level":3,"score":0.3077999949455261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75630572","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q538904","display_name":"Applied psychology","level":1,"score":0.2867000102996826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166007726","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4536542","display_name":"Language assessment","level":2,"score":0.26809999346733093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780876879","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3054749","display_name":"Meaning (existential)","level":2,"score":0.26339998841285706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87156501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7268708","display_name":"Qualitative property","level":2,"score":0.2558000087738037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779207338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9240","display_name":"Indonesian","level":2,"score":0.25040000677108765}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.56983/eltm.v6i1.2046","doi":"https://doi.org/10.56983/eltm.v6i1.2046","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.56983/eltm.v6i1.2046","pdf_url":"https://jurnal.fkip.unismuh.ac.id/index.php/eltm/article/download/2046/852","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4387283680","display_name":"English Language Teaching Methodology","issn_l":"2810-0352","issn":["2810-0352","2828-1586"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315165","host_organization_name":"Muhammadiyah University of Makassar","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315165"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Muhammadiyah University of Makassar"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"English Language Teaching Methodology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.56983/eltm.v6i1.2046","doi":"https://doi.org/10.56983/eltm.v6i1.2046","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.56983/eltm.v6i1.2046","pdf_url":"https://jurnal.fkip.unismuh.ac.id/index.php/eltm/article/download/2046/852","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4387283680","display_name":"English Language Teaching Methodology","issn_l":"2810-0352","issn":["2810-0352","2828-1586"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315165","host_organization_name":"Muhammadiyah University of Makassar","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315165"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Muhammadiyah University of Makassar"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"English Language Teaching Methodology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality education","score":0.8278999924659729,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7204911744.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7204911744.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":7,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W612558043","https://openalex.org/W1704942559","https://openalex.org/W2011616426","https://openalex.org/W3037731873","https://openalex.org/W3043163499","https://openalex.org/W4389555709","https://openalex.org/W4400426582"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7164502624","https://openalex.org/W4384161119","https://openalex.org/W7163145187","https://openalex.org/W4415301588","https://openalex.org/W7092192785","https://openalex.org/W4384162324","https://openalex.org/W7160261958","https://openalex.org/W7034516315","https://openalex.org/W7166797178","https://openalex.org/W3213394374"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Digital":[0],"language":[1,22],"assessments":[2,246],"expand":[3],"access":[4,82],"and":[5,35,55,70,83,97,105,158,166,185,205,238],"speed":[6],"up":[7],"the":[8,30,68,92,123,146,173,186,193,197,228],"reporting":[9],"of":[10,29,85,88,95,138,155,188,219,230],"results,":[11],"but":[12],"user":[13,27],"experience":[14],"can":[15],"introduce":[16],"variance":[17],"that":[18,176],"is":[19,180],"unrelated":[20],"to":[21,216],"constructs.":[23],"This":[24],"study":[25],"compared":[26],"experiences":[28],"Duolingo":[31],"English":[32],"Test":[33],"(DET)":[34],"EnglishScore":[36,115],"among":[37],"Indonesian":[38],"Professional":[39],"Teacher":[40],"Education":[41],"(PPG)":[42],"participants.":[43],"A":[44],"convergent":[45],"mixed-methods":[46],"design":[47],"was":[48,119,134],"used,":[49],"combining":[50],"a":[51],"five-point":[52],"Likert-scale":[53],"survey":[54,75],"open-ended":[56,106],"comments.":[57],"The":[58,111,131,225],"analysis":[59],"included":[60],"264":[61],"completed":[62],"responses,":[63],"with":[64],"130":[65],"responses":[66],"for":[67,72,114,122,222],"DET":[69,124],"134":[71],"EnglishScore.":[73],"Twenty-five":[74],"items":[76],"were":[77,102,108,200],"organized":[78],"into":[79],"five":[80],"dimensions:":[81],"ease":[84],"use,":[86],"clarity":[87,137,184],"instructions,":[89],"confidence":[90],"in":[91,136,144,247],"score,":[93],"usefulness":[94],"feedback,":[96],"technical":[98,177],"readiness.":[99],"Quantitative":[100],"data":[101,207],"analyzed":[103],"descriptively,":[104],"comments":[107,150],"examined":[109],"thematically.":[110],"overall":[112],"mean":[113],"(M":[116,125],"=":[117,126],"4.34)":[118],"higher":[120],"than":[121],"3.99)":[127],"across":[128],"all":[129],"dimensions.":[130],"largest":[132],"gap":[133],"found":[135],"instructions":[139,157],"(4.31":[140],"versus":[141],"3.89),":[142],"especially":[143],"understanding":[145],"test":[147],"sections.":[148],"Participant":[149],"highlighted":[151],"four":[152],"main":[153],"sources":[154],"difficulty:":[156],"navigation,":[159],"time":[160],"pressure,":[161],"audio":[162],"or":[163,168],"recording":[164],"issues,":[165],"connection":[167],"device":[169,233],"glitches.":[170],"Bringing":[171],"together":[172],"findings":[174,226],"suggests":[175],"accessibility":[178],"alone":[179],"not":[181,209,214],"enough;":[182],"procedural":[183],"usability":[187],"score":[189],"reports":[190,242],"also":[191],"shape":[192],"assessment":[194],"experience.":[195],"Since":[196],"two":[198],"platforms":[199],"assessed":[201],"by":[202],"different":[203],"groups":[204],"individual":[206],"are":[208,213],"available,":[210],"these":[211],"results":[212],"meant":[215],"provide":[217],"evidence":[218],"psychometric":[220],"superiority":[221],"either":[223],"test.":[224],"support":[227],"use":[229],"pre-test":[231],"orientations,":[232],"checks,":[234],"interactive":[235],"sample":[236],"tasks,":[237],"more":[239],"diagnostic":[240],"result":[241],"when":[243],"implementing":[244],"digital":[245],"EFL":[248],"contexts.":[249]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2026-09-02T00:00:00"}
