{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7204904220","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-9220812/v1","title":"Spatiotemporal characteristics and mechanisms of embodied carbon emissions in the construction industry: Evidence from China's municipalities directly under the central government","display_name":"Spatiotemporal characteristics and mechanisms of embodied carbon emissions in the construction industry: Evidence from China's municipalities directly under the central government","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7204904220","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-9220812/v1"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-9220812/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-9220812/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-9220812/v1","pdf_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-9220812/latest.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525896","display_name":"Research Square","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research Square","raw_type":"posted-content"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-9220812/latest.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103979224","display_name":"Jinkai Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6121-5871","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6121-5871"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jinkai Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Institute of Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Institute of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030575153","display_name":"Yang Su","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9097-9966","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9097-9966"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139024713","display_name":"Guangdong University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04azbjn80","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139024713"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yang Su","raw_affiliation_strings":["Guangdong University of Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guangdong University of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139024713"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5122387672","display_name":"Wen Wen","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wen Wen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Institute of Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Institute of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107110317","display_name":"Liu Ouyang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liu Ouyang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Institute of Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Institute of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5148896658","display_name":"Sitian Li","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sitian Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Institute of Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Institute of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068671989","display_name":"Xing Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5589-2825","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5589-2825"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xing Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Institute of Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Institute of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10435","display_name":"Environmental Impact and Sustainability","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10435","display_name":"Environmental Impact and Sustainability","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12643","display_name":"Sustainability and Ecological Systems Analysis","score":0.003000000026077032,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10438","display_name":"Energy, Environment, Economic Growth","score":0.0006000000284984708,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embodied-emissions","display_name":"embodied emissions","score":0.9509999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/construction-industry","display_name":"construction industry","score":0.8090000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/consumption-based-emissions","display_name":"consumption-based emissions","score":0.8320000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spatiotemporal-variation","display_name":"spatiotemporal variation","score":0.8880000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gross-fixed-capital-formation","display_name":"gross fixed capital formation","score":0.8339999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intersectoral-linkages","display_name":"intersectoral linkages","score":0.5389999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dual-carbon-goals","display_name":"dual carbon goals","score":0.7480000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-carbon-emissions","display_name":"urban carbon emissions","score":0.5669999718666077}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175605778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3299701","display_name":"Natural resource economics","level":1,"score":0.5940999984741211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115781380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q994824","display_name":"Gross fixed capital formation","level":3,"score":0.5788000226020813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47737302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167336","display_name":"Greenhouse gas","level":2,"score":0.5498999953269958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30772137","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5164762","display_name":"Consumption (sociology)","level":2,"score":0.4796000123023987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83646750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193893","display_name":"Capital (architecture)","level":2,"score":0.45590001344680786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140205800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5860","display_name":"Carbon fibers","level":3,"score":0.4489000141620636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778348673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q739302","display_name":"Production (economics)","level":2,"score":0.41690000891685486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31266012","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6554340","display_name":"Linkage (software)","level":3,"score":0.39649999141693115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778706760","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q581950","display_name":"Life-cycle assessment","level":3,"score":0.3813999891281128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.3801000118255615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.3625999987125397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157247726","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2748405","display_name":"Smelting","level":2,"score":0.35600000619888306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91435432","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1140255","display_name":"Input\u2013output model","level":2,"score":0.34869998693466187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.33980000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.33649998903274536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780165032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16869822","display_name":"Energy consumption","level":2,"score":0.33629998564720154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134560507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q753291","display_name":"Environmental economics","level":1,"score":0.30410000681877136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154611951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q393233","display_name":"Urban agglomeration","level":2,"score":0.2962999939918518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202702835","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1153531","display_name":"Embodied energy","level":2,"score":0.28540000319480896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58202505","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5035700","display_name":"Capital formation","level":4,"score":0.2791999876499176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90673727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901718","display_name":"Product (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.2736000120639801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116399919","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1770543","display_name":"Material flow analysis","level":2,"score":0.265500009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778719706","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6501447","display_name":"Local government","level":2,"score":0.26260000467300415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198082294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3399648","display_name":"Position (finance)","level":2,"score":0.2563000023365021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C526734887","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q832237","display_name":"Environmental protection","level":1,"score":0.25440001487731934}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-9220812/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-9220812/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-9220812/v1","pdf_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-9220812/latest.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525896","display_name":"Research Square","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research Square","raw_type":"posted-content"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-9220812/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-9220812/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-9220812/v1","pdf_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-9220812/latest.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525896","display_name":"Research Square","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research Square","raw_type":"posted-content"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","display_name":"Climate action","score":0.9786999821662903},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.8787999749183655},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.651199996471405}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2926783258","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"72004010","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4705761385","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"3220012222319","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323110","funder_display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7175172962","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"3220012222319","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327514","funder_display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology Research Fund Program for Young Scholars"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323110","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326832","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System","ror":"https://ror.org/03w41by72"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327514","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology Research Fund Program for Young Scholars","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327557","display_name":"National Office for Philosophy and Social Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04m0ms912"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7204904220.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7204904220.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1963573700","https://openalex.org/W2003089160","https://openalex.org/W2013823340","https://openalex.org/W2072964811","https://openalex.org/W2083758068","https://openalex.org/W2084511984","https://openalex.org/W2133351278","https://openalex.org/W2158678217","https://openalex.org/W2178348550","https://openalex.org/W2792292923","https://openalex.org/W2800998285","https://openalex.org/W2899845888","https://openalex.org/W2943114331","https://openalex.org/W2967389932","https://openalex.org/W2976704716","https://openalex.org/W3040527860","https://openalex.org/W3080686145","https://openalex.org/W3128146266","https://openalex.org/W3131694195","https://openalex.org/W3161535699","https://openalex.org/W3196480412","https://openalex.org/W4200239199","https://openalex.org/W4200477422","https://openalex.org/W4206989606","https://openalex.org/W4210747106","https://openalex.org/W4295196865","https://openalex.org/W4304689947","https://openalex.org/W4315706947","https://openalex.org/W4380244343","https://openalex.org/W4381893302","https://openalex.org/W4390289335"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4312226284","https://openalex.org/W4412389657","https://openalex.org/W4400056182","https://openalex.org/W4388540452","https://openalex.org/W4400522300","https://openalex.org/W4312160297","https://openalex.org/W4392920214","https://openalex.org/W4412364380","https://openalex.org/W4385190993","https://openalex.org/W7155561740"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Using":[1],"comprehensive":[2],"industrial":[3],"linkage":[4],"analysis":[5,10],"and":[6,24,28,53,76,81,85,89,106,119,131,142,145,149],"quantitative":[7],"structural":[8],"decomposition":[9],"based":[11],"on":[12],"the":[13,21,31,40,71,74,114,121],"multi-regional":[14],"input-output":[15,107],"model,":[16],"this":[17],"study":[18,125],"systematically":[19],"explores":[20],"intrinsic":[22],"characteristics":[23,130],"driving":[25],"determinants":[26],"of,":[27],"variations":[29],"in":[30,137],"consumption-based":[32],"embodied":[33],"carbon":[34,135,140],"emissions":[35,103,136],"(CBEC)":[36],"significantly":[37],"generated":[38],"by":[39,55],"urban":[41,56,147],"construction":[42],"industry.":[43],"The":[44,94,102],"results":[45],"show":[46],"that:":[47],"(1)":[48],"Gross":[49],"fixed":[50,67],"capital":[51,68],"formation":[52,69],"consumption":[54],"residents":[57],"lead":[58],"to":[59,112],"obvious":[60],"CBEC":[61,72,95],"heterogeneity;":[62],"(2)":[63],"Construction":[64],"industry\u2019s":[65],"gross":[66],"drives":[70],"of":[73,78,87,128,134],"Production":[75],"Supply":[77],"Electric":[79],"Power":[80],"Hot":[82],"Water,":[83],"Smelting":[84],"Pressing":[86],"Metals,":[88],"Nonmetal":[90],"Mineral":[91],"Products;":[92],"(3)":[93],"shows":[96],"significant":[97],"dynamic":[98],"spatiotemporal":[99,129],"changes;":[100],"(4)":[101],"intensity":[104],"effect":[105,109],"structure":[108],"are":[110],"considered":[111],"be":[113],"key":[115],"impetuses":[116],"for":[117],"increasing":[118],"decreasing":[120],"CBEC,":[122],"respectively.":[123],"Our":[124],"enhances":[126],"understanding":[127],"multi-factor":[132],"mechanisms":[133],"construction,":[138],"aids":[139],"peak":[141],"neutrality":[143],"efforts,":[144],"guides":[146],"environmental":[148],"energy":[150],"planning.":[151]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-09T13:22:03.289127","created_date":"2026-09-02T00:00:00"}