{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7204898051","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3886/icpsr3475","title":"Eurobarometer 56.1: Social Exclusion and Modernization of Pension Systems, September-October 2001","display_name":"Eurobarometer 56.1: Social Exclusion and Modernization of Pension Systems, September-October 2001","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7204898051","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3886/icpsr3475"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3886/icpsr3475","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3886/icpsr3475","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3886/icpsr3475","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363604084","display_name":"ICPSR Data Holdings","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4387153780","host_organization_name":"Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387153780"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Dataset"},"volume":null,"type":"dataset","is_traditional":false,"indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.3886/icpsr3475","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5148904453","display_name":"Thomas Christensen","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800387288","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32","country_code":"BE","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1320481043","https://openalex.org/I2800387288"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405284776","display_name":"Directorate-General for Communication","ror":"https://ror.org/046crct06","country_code":"BE","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1320481043","https://openalex.org/I2800387288","https://openalex.org/I4405284776"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Thomas Christensen","raw_affiliation_strings":["European Commission. Directorate-General Press and Communication. Opinion Polls Sector"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"European Commission. Directorate-General Press and Communication. Opinion Polls Sector","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800387288","https://openalex.org/I4405284776"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5148904453"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800387288","https://openalex.org/I4405284776"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10443","display_name":"Social Policy and Reform Studies","score":0.9355000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10443","display_name":"Social Policy and Reform Studies","score":0.9355000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13911","display_name":"Employment, Labor, and Gender Studies","score":0.010300000198185444,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1410","display_name":"Industrial relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10517","display_name":"Financial Literacy, Pension, Retirement Analysis","score":0.00930000003427267,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2003","display_name":"Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-exclusion","display_name":"social exclusion","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pensions","display_name":"pensions","score":0.8709999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/poverty","display_name":"poverty","score":0.3700000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/retirement","display_name":"retirement","score":0.5440000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/job-satisfaction","display_name":"job satisfaction","score":0.7289999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/employment","display_name":"employment","score":0.41100001335144043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/retirement-age","display_name":"retirement age","score":0.4020000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/population-aging","display_name":"population aging","score":0.5680000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/retirement-savings","display_name":"retirement savings","score":0.5529999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/job-security","display_name":"job security","score":0.47200000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/work-life-balance","display_name":"work-life balance","score":0.45100000500679016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eu-member-states","display_name":"EU member states","score":0.5619999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/life-satisfaction","display_name":"life satisfaction","score":0.4429999887943268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/financial-problems","display_name":"financial problems","score":0.5239999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/work-family-balance","display_name":"work-family balance","score":0.3799999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/workplace-decision-making","display_name":"workplace decision-making","score":0.4869999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/older-workers","display_name":"older workers","score":0.33000001311302185}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777967642","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q748216","display_name":"Eurobarometer","level":3,"score":0.92330002784729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134659438","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5853064","display_name":"Social exclusion","level":2,"score":0.6945000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189326681","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10294","display_name":"Poverty","level":2,"score":0.621399998664856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53844881","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q856122","display_name":"Modernization theory","level":2,"score":0.6075000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5777999758720398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19159745","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q828395","display_name":"Social policy","level":2,"score":0.49709999561309814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778126366","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41171","display_name":"Unemployment","level":2,"score":0.46480000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780899237","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q156223","display_name":"Pension","level":2,"score":0.4260999858379364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.40619999170303345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910001868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q458","display_name":"European union","level":2,"score":0.39980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.39079999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.3598000109195709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777433830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7551332","display_name":"Social protection","level":2,"score":0.34279999136924744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780224108","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2309653","display_name":"Social partners","level":2,"score":0.32749998569488525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777673361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5281228","display_name":"Disadvantage","level":2,"score":0.3264999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180872759","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q874405","display_name":"Social group","level":2,"score":0.3257000148296356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.319599986076355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777111884","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12002092","display_name":"Social security","level":2,"score":0.3131999969482422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781160424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q370735","display_name":"Social integration","level":2,"score":0.3091999888420105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.2996000051498413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53001019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1920219","display_name":"Social issues","level":2,"score":0.2874000072479248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.2847000062465668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780431834","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423438","display_name":"Flexicurity","level":2,"score":0.27309998869895935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.2694999873638153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780623907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q106394435","display_name":"Disadvantaged","level":2,"score":0.26660001277923584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145236788","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28161","display_name":"Labour economics","level":1,"score":0.265500009059906}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3886/icpsr3475","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3886/icpsr3475","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3886/icpsr3475","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363604084","display_name":"ICPSR Data Holdings","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4387153780","host_organization_name":"Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387153780"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Dataset"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3886/icpsr3475","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3886/icpsr3475","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3886/icpsr3475","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363604084","display_name":"ICPSR Data Holdings","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4387153780","host_organization_name":"Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387153780"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Dataset"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","score":0.9211000204086304,"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.5676000118255615,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/1","score":0.41670000553131104,"display_name":"No poverty"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W6910610658","https://openalex.org/W6925406701","https://openalex.org/W6967418345","https://openalex.org/W4237031733","https://openalex.org/W7204874386","https://openalex.org/W4210271534","https://openalex.org/W6902048950","https://openalex.org/W6947886263","https://openalex.org/W6966763730","https://openalex.org/W6939611103"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"round":[1],"of":[2,18,36,44,96,135,143,150,232,268,292,342,350,391,423,459,469,473],"Eurobarometer":[3],"surveys":[4,270],"diverged":[5],"from":[6],"standard":[7],"questions":[8,97,129],"instead":[9],"it":[10,69,309],"focused":[11,98],"on":[12,99,253],"the":[13,34,42,113,133,141,213,269,272,289,320,384,424],"social":[14,47],"exclusion":[15],"and":[16,46,67,83,89,117,163,182,190,207,219,249,251,260,307,318,363,415,427,440,467,471],"modernization":[17],"pension":[19,273,322,378,385],"systems":[20],"in":[21,40,60,65,112,220,313,361,421],"European":[22],"Union":[23],"countries.":[24],"Respondents":[25,104],"were":[26,30,52,58,75,105,127,174,280,366,373],"asked":[27,77,106,128,176,281,374],"why":[28],"people":[29,59,151],"socially":[31],"excluded,":[32],"what":[33,68,90,164,237,283,288,308,338,348,375,389],"role":[35],"government":[37],"should":[38,380,386,395,404,417,436],"be":[39,345,387,396,405,418,437],"reducing":[41],"risk":[43],"poverty":[45],"exclusion,":[48],"how":[49,87,121,156,222,254,364,383,428],"satisfied":[50],"they":[51,79,108,139,158,165,185,202,209,238,285,334,358,365],"with":[53,236],"their":[54,61,146,154,178,194,217,225,233,255,258,261,293,298,339,351,369],"lives,":[55],"whether":[56,78,107,177,184,193,201,208,297,319,401,413],"there":[57],"neighborhoods":[62],"who":[63,276],"lived":[64],"poverty,":[66],"meant":[70],"to":[71,102,187,223,315,325,336,407],"live":[72],"properly.":[73],"They":[74,173,227],"also":[76,175,228],"had":[80,91,109,159,186,203,210,239,277,286],"financial":[81,300],"problems,":[82],"if":[84,118],"so,":[85],"for":[86,120,137,197,368,398],"long":[88,157],"caused":[92,431],"them.":[93],"A":[94],"number":[95,142,149],"problems":[100,430],"related":[101],"work.":[103,264],"been":[110,160,240],"unemployed":[111],"last":[114],"five":[115,242,314],"years":[116,243],"so":[119],"long.":[122],"Those":[123,275],"employed":[124,152],"or":[125,199],"self-employed":[126],"concerning":[130],"job":[131,147,179,235],"satisfaction,":[132],"type":[134,466],"organization":[136],"which":[138],"worked,":[140,145],"hours":[144],"title,":[148],"at":[153,205,216,282,409,457],"workplace,":[155],"continuously":[161],"employed,":[162],"took":[166],"into":[167],"consideration":[168],"when":[169,333],"choosing":[170],"a":[171,376,410],"job.":[172],"was":[180,271,302],"interesting":[181],"secure,":[183],"work":[188,256],"hard":[189],"under":[191],"pressure,":[192],"employers":[195],"paid":[196],"training":[198],"education,":[200,460],"friends":[204],"work,":[206],"influence":[211],"over":[212],"decision-making":[214],"processes":[215],"workplace":[218],"deciding":[221],"do":[224],"tasks.":[226],"compared":[229],"different":[230],"aspects":[231],"current":[234,299,352],"doing":[241],"ago,":[244],"described":[245],"relations":[246],"between":[247],"management":[248],"employees,":[250],"commented":[252],"affected":[257],"health":[259],"lives":[262],"after":[263,346,356],"Another":[265],"major":[266],"focus":[267],"system.":[274],"already":[278],"retired":[279],"age":[284,456],"retired,":[287],"main":[290,340],"source":[291,341],"retirement":[294,306,425,429],"income":[295,343,355,394],"was,":[296],"situation":[301],"better":[303],"than":[304],"before":[305],"would":[310,344],"look":[311,381],"like":[312],"ten":[316],"years,":[317],"state":[321],"allowed":[323],"them":[324],"get":[326],"by":[327,432],"easily.":[328],"Non-pensioners":[329],"supplied":[330],"information":[331,443],"about":[332],"intended":[335],"retire,":[337],"retirement,":[347,362],"percentage":[349],"household's":[353],"total":[354],"tax":[357],"considered":[359],"sufficient":[360],"saving":[367],"retirement.":[370],"Additionally,":[371],"respondents":[372],"good":[377],"system":[379],"like,":[382],"provided,":[388],"level":[390],"minimum":[392],"guaranteed":[393],"provided":[397],"elderly":[399],"people,":[400],"older":[402],"workers":[403],"forced":[406],"retire":[408],"fixed":[411],"age,":[412,447],"men":[414],"women":[416],"treated":[419],"equally":[420],"terms":[422],"system,":[426],"an":[433],"aging":[434],"society":[435],"resolved.":[438],"Demographic":[439],"other":[441],"background":[442],"collected":[444],"includes":[445],"respondent's":[446],"gender,":[448],"nationality,":[449],"marital":[450],"status,":[451],"left-right":[452],"political":[453],"self-placement,":[454],"occupation,":[455],"completion":[458],"trade":[461],"union":[462],"membership,":[463],"household":[464],"income,":[465],"size":[468],"locality,":[470],"region":[472],"residence.":[474]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-28T10:33:24.094632","created_date":"2026-09-02T00:00:00"}