{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7204843779","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnsm.2026.3729149","title":"Energy-Efficient Placement of Logical Functionalities in 5G Networks","display_name":"Energy-Efficient Placement of Logical Functionalities in 5G Networks","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7204843779","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnsm.2026.3729149"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tnsm.2026.3729149","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnsm.2026.3729149","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnsm.2026.3729149","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S173527311","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management","issn_l":"1932-4537","issn":["1932-4537","2373-7379"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","ccf-c","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnsm.2026.3729149","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020805931","display_name":"Junior Momo Ziazet","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-4415-4092","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0004-4415-4092"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60158472","display_name":"Concordia University","ror":"https://ror.org/0420zvk78","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60158472"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junior Momo Ziazet","raw_affiliation_strings":["Concordia University"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-4415-4092","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Concordia University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60158472"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048080334","display_name":"Brigitte Jaumard","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3443-4918","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3443-4918"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60158472","display_name":"Concordia University","ror":"https://ror.org/0420zvk78","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60158472"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Brigitte Jaumard","raw_affiliation_strings":["Concordia University"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3443-4918","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Concordia University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60158472"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60158472"],"apc_list":{"value":2645,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2645},"apc_paid":{"value":2645,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2645},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"23","issue":null,"first_page":"7841","last_page":"7857"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10714","display_name":"Software-Defined Networks and 5G","score":0.8363999724388123,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10714","display_name":"Software-Defined Networks and 5G","score":0.8363999724388123,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.09380000084638596,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10101","display_name":"Cloud Computing and Resource Management","score":0.03290000185370445,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/5g","display_name":"5G","score":0.8450000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-efficiency","display_name":"energy efficiency","score":0.925000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-ran","display_name":"cloud RAN","score":0.9319999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-unit","display_name":"distributed unit","score":0.5410000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/user-plane-function","display_name":"user plane function","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/traffic-routing","display_name":"traffic routing","score":0.9660000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/column-generation","display_name":"column generation","score":0.8479999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/integer-linear-programming","display_name":"integer linear programming","score":0.906000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heuristic-optimization","display_name":"heuristic optimization","score":0.6669999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality-of-service","display_name":"quality of service","score":0.6629999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/latency","display_name":"latency","score":0.8109999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/temporal-traffic-patterns","display_name":"temporal traffic patterns","score":0.781000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/edge-servers","display_name":"edge servers","score":0.6859999895095825}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8051000237464905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2742236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q924713","display_name":"Efficient energy use","level":2,"score":0.6705999970436096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.4950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.4198000133037567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780165032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16869822","display_name":"Energy consumption","level":2,"score":0.39239999651908875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.3472000062465668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118524514","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173212","display_name":"Computer architecture","level":1,"score":0.320499986410141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.28870001435279846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93996380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44127","display_name":"Server","level":2,"score":0.2720000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24590314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336038","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","level":2,"score":0.26409998536109924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5119721","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220501","display_name":"Quality of service","level":2,"score":0.26089999079704285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74172769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1446839","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","level":2,"score":0.2547000050544739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.25200000405311584}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tnsm.2026.3729149","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnsm.2026.3729149","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnsm.2026.3729149","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S173527311","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management","issn_l":"1932-4537","issn":["1932-4537","2373-7379"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","ccf-c","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tnsm.2026.3729149","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnsm.2026.3729149","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnsm.2026.3729149","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S173527311","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management","issn_l":"1932-4537","issn":["1932-4537","2373-7379"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","ccf-c","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.8970999717712402}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1970355999","https://openalex.org/W2069183968","https://openalex.org/W2074048915","https://openalex.org/W2167580124","https://openalex.org/W2278665952","https://openalex.org/W2473012137","https://openalex.org/W2761077680","https://openalex.org/W2804263917","https://openalex.org/W2811205792","https://openalex.org/W2922165330","https://openalex.org/W2967858304","https://openalex.org/W2972315576","https://openalex.org/W2972466428","https://openalex.org/W2995673860","https://openalex.org/W3094471206","https://openalex.org/W3111205857","https://openalex.org/W3147316842","https://openalex.org/W3200405419","https://openalex.org/W4213137784","https://openalex.org/W4220841014","https://openalex.org/W4220844283","https://openalex.org/W4288083139","https://openalex.org/W4293567710","https://openalex.org/W4297099588","https://openalex.org/W4312410281","https://openalex.org/W4382999240","https://openalex.org/W4387870599","https://openalex.org/W4389077385","https://openalex.org/W4391011076","https://openalex.org/W4392248707"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2941371418","https://openalex.org/W2986918647","https://openalex.org/W4405846037","https://openalex.org/W3041669041","https://openalex.org/W3089065723","https://openalex.org/W4391011076","https://openalex.org/W2907045114","https://openalex.org/W6904009283","https://openalex.org/W3037932317","https://openalex.org/W7127563280"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Although":[0],"5G":[1,87],"networks":[2],"are":[3],"more":[4],"efficient":[5,128],"in":[6,69,73],"terms":[7],"of":[8,44,54,86,149,170,238],"power":[9],"consumption":[10,162,209],"to":[11,17,20,35,57,130,159,212,230],"traffic":[12,45,104,157,180,243],"ratio,":[13],"efforts":[14],"still":[15],"need":[16],"be":[18],"made":[19],"further":[21],"increase":[22],"energy":[23,59,161,208],"efficiency":[24],"not":[25],"only":[26],"for":[27,240],"the":[28,36,74,147,184,193,220,233,236],"radio":[29],"part,":[30],"but":[31],"also":[32],"with":[33,40,103,156,200],"respect":[34],"growing":[37],"cloud":[38,55,75,142],"component":[39],"edge":[41],"servers.":[42],"Consolidation":[43],"workloads":[46],"onto":[47],"shared":[48],"infrastructures":[49],"is":[50,109],"a":[51,66,80,112,120],"key":[52,67,139],"feature":[53],"computing":[56],"reduce":[58,207],"consumption,":[60],"and":[61,82,97,117,133,141,152,167,214],"logical":[62,84],"functionality":[63],"placement":[64,85,107,148,226],"plays":[65],"role":[68],"this":[70],"regard.":[71],"Here,":[72],"RAN":[76],"context,":[77],"we":[78],"propose":[79],"unified":[81],"energy-aware":[83],"E2E":[88],"functionalities,":[89],"i.e.,":[90],"distributed":[91],"units":[92,95],"(DUs),":[93],"centralized":[94],"(CUs),":[96],"user":[98],"plane":[99],"functions":[100],"(UPFs),":[101],"together":[102],"routing.":[105],"The":[106,136,204],"problem":[108],"formulated":[110],"as":[111],"large-scale":[113],"integer":[114],"linear":[115],"program":[116],"solved":[118],"using":[119],"column":[121,186],"generation-based":[122],"decomposition":[123],"technique,":[124],"complemented":[125],"by":[126,210],"an":[127,177],"heuristic":[129,194],"ensure":[131],"tractability":[132],"improved":[134],"scalability.":[135],"model":[137],"captures":[138],"network":[140],"(compute)":[143],"resources,":[144],"jointly":[145],"optimizing":[146],"DU,":[150],"CU,":[151],"UPF":[153],"components,":[154],"along":[155],"routing,":[158],"minimize":[160],"while":[163,192],"maintaining":[164],"low":[165],"latency":[166],"high":[168],"Quality":[169],"Service":[171],"(QoS).":[172],"Numerical":[173],"results,":[174],"based":[175],"on":[176],"open":[178],"Montreal":[179],"dataset,":[181],"demonstrate":[182],"that":[183,223],"proposed":[185,205],"generation":[187],"algorithm":[188],"achieves":[189],"near-optimal":[190],"solutions,":[191],"approach":[195],"offers":[196],"significantly":[197],"better":[198],"scalability":[199],"consistently":[201],"strong":[202],"performance.":[203],"methods":[206],"up":[211],"14%":[213],"maintain":[215],"low-latency":[216],"service":[217],"delivery.":[218],"Furthermore,":[219],"results":[221],"highlight":[222],"static,":[224],"peak-time-based":[225],"strategies":[227],"can":[228],"lead":[229],"inefficiencies":[231],"throughout":[232],"day,":[234],"emphasizing":[235],"importance":[237],"accounting":[239],"broader":[241],"temporal":[242],"patterns.":[244]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-08T12:12:28.789561","created_date":"2026-09-01T00:00:00"}