{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7204840918","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00163-026-00497-x","title":"Human or model? A four-factor experimental study of design experience and image-generation alignment strategies in industrial product ideation","display_name":"Human or model? A four-factor experimental study of design experience and image-generation alignment strategies in industrial product ideation","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-08-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7204840918","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00163-026-00497-x"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s00163-026-00497-x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00163-026-00497-x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00163-026-00497-x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S123543520","display_name":"Research in Engineering Design","issn_l":"0934-9839","issn":["0934-9839","1435-6066"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Research in Engineering Design","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5148793178","display_name":"Yimin Xu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I116953780","display_name":"Tongji University","ror":"https://ror.org/03rc6as71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yimin Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tongji University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tongji University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5127767593","display_name":"Ruonan Li","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I116953780","display_name":"Tongji University","ror":"https://ror.org/03rc6as71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ruonan Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tongji University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tongji University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5140551202","display_name":"Liwen Fan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4901-1551","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4901-1551"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3923682","display_name":"Soochow University","ror":"https://ror.org/05t8y2r12","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3923682"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Liwen Fan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Soochow University, Suzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4901-1551","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Soochow University, Suzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3923682"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5148797990","display_name":"Yiheng Li","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139660479","display_name":"Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f1zfq44","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yiheng Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Central South University, Changsha, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Central South University, Changsha, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5122372487","display_name":"Rang Meng","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rang Meng","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5122378338","display_name":"Zizhen Liu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158842170","display_name":"Chongqing University","ror":"https://ror.org/023rhb549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zizhen Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chongqing University, Chongqing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chongqing University, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5147136950","display_name":"JINJUN XIA","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6291-3751","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6291-3751"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158842170","display_name":"Chongqing University","ror":"https://ror.org/023rhb549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jinjun Xia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chongqing University, Chongqing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chongqing University, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103157434","display_name":"Xuelin Tang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7496-1451","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7496-1451","https://orcid.org/0009-0005-1952-7907"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158842170","display_name":"Chongqing University","ror":"https://ror.org/023rhb549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xuelin Tang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chongqing University, Chongqing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-1952-7907","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chongqing University, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5103157434","https://openalex.org/A5122378338","https://openalex.org/A5127767593","https://openalex.org/A5140551202","https://openalex.org/A5147136950","https://openalex.org/A5148793178","https://openalex.org/A5148797990"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116953780","https://openalex.org/I139660479","https://openalex.org/I158842170","https://openalex.org/I3923682"],"apc_list":{"value":4090,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4090},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.52063804,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"37","issue":"4","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10672","display_name":"Design Education and Practice","score":0.9301999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10672","display_name":"Design Education and Practice","score":0.9301999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14254","display_name":"Digital Media and Visual Art","score":0.04780000075697899,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11079","display_name":"Creativity in Education and Neuroscience","score":0.004100000020116568,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ai-generated-content","display_name":"AI-generated content","score":0.9750000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/design-experience","display_name":"design experience","score":0.7940000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/creative-characteristics","display_name":"creative characteristics","score":0.9240000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/novelty","display_name":"novelty","score":0.7480000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/creative-diversity","display_name":"creative diversity","score":0.6309999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perceived-usefulness","display_name":"perceived usefulness","score":0.9509999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-ai-collaboration","display_name":"human-AI collaboration","score":0.9520000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/midjourney","display_name":"Midjourney","score":0.9290000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gpt-4o","display_name":"GPT-4o","score":0.902999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/design-education","display_name":"design education","score":0.7409999966621399}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170477896","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17039022","display_name":"Ideation","level":2,"score":0.6462000012397766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177212765","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q627335","display_name":"Workflow","level":2,"score":0.5497000217437744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.5346999764442444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134535237","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q243606","display_name":"Industrial design","level":2,"score":0.5051000118255615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.5008999705314636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120823896","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1043226","display_name":"Product design","level":3,"score":0.48010000586509705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90673727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901718","display_name":"Product (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4465000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120936955","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2155640","display_name":"Empirical research","level":2,"score":0.4431999921798706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34972735","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920267","display_name":"Engineering design process","level":2,"score":0.43880000710487366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.38519999384880066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11012388","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170658","display_name":"Creativity","level":2,"score":0.37049999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19351080","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1395034","display_name":"New product development","level":2,"score":0.3662000000476837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781316041","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1230584","display_name":"Diversity (politics)","level":2,"score":0.35679998993873596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3188999891281128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23219732","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7247800","display_name":"Product type","level":2,"score":0.31850001215934753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195094911","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14167904","display_name":"Process management","level":1,"score":0.31790000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166052673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83021","display_name":"Empirical evidence","level":2,"score":0.30959999561309814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117671659","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11049265","display_name":"Manufacturing engineering","level":1,"score":0.3068000078201294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.29980000853538513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78382760","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2288649","display_name":"Concurrent engineering","level":3,"score":0.2897999882698059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780595565","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5145833","display_name":"Collaborative engineering","level":3,"score":0.28839999437332153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199639397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1788588","display_name":"Engineering drawing","level":1,"score":0.28519999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150672426","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q191183","display_name":"Brainstorming","level":2,"score":0.2815999984741211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106436119","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q836575","display_name":"Quality assurance","level":3,"score":0.2721000015735626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2982907496","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1145523","display_name":"Collaborative design","level":3,"score":0.2687999904155731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2635999917984009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18555067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8375051","display_name":"Joint (building)","level":2,"score":0.2624000012874603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.25609999895095825}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s00163-026-00497-x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00163-026-00497-x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00163-026-00497-x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S123543520","display_name":"Research in Engineering Design","issn_l":"0934-9839","issn":["0934-9839","1435-6066"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Research in Engineering Design","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":72,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W614562418","https://openalex.org/W1791587663","https://openalex.org/W1989997890","https://openalex.org/W1990730254","https://openalex.org/W2006850907","https://openalex.org/W2019998121","https://openalex.org/W2028994502","https://openalex.org/W2072500831","https://openalex.org/W2088007342","https://openalex.org/W2098541822","https://openalex.org/W2100465642","https://openalex.org/W2116104206","https://openalex.org/W2125237007","https://openalex.org/W2128213565","https://openalex.org/W2129203575","https://openalex.org/W2137247190","https://openalex.org/W2168697680","https://openalex.org/W2176408056","https://openalex.org/W2261191959","https://openalex.org/W2800068874","https://openalex.org/W2805858005","https://openalex.org/W2911893601","https://openalex.org/W2916904544","https://openalex.org/W3008199060","https://openalex.org/W3046970738","https://openalex.org/W3158918186","https://openalex.org/W3199400376","https://openalex.org/W4224035735","https://openalex.org/W4282971146","https://openalex.org/W4289600032","https://openalex.org/W4302011534","https://openalex.org/W4312933868","https://openalex.org/W4327810158","https://openalex.org/W4366548330","https://openalex.org/W4375827438","https://openalex.org/W4380769213","https://openalex.org/W4383472654","https://openalex.org/W4383681451","https://openalex.org/W4384154918","https://openalex.org/W4387801427","https://openalex.org/W4394782655","https://openalex.org/W4400206273","https://openalex.org/W4400578758","https://openalex.org/W4402705806","https://openalex.org/W4406174915","https://openalex.org/W4408519954","https://openalex.org/W4409378724","https://openalex.org/W4410403709","https://openalex.org/W4410972922","https://openalex.org/W4411069292","https://openalex.org/W4411346063","https://openalex.org/W4411754558","https://openalex.org/W4412502834","https://openalex.org/W4413005131","https://openalex.org/W4413324974","https://openalex.org/W4413735349","https://openalex.org/W4413794688","https://openalex.org/W4414629533","https://openalex.org/W4414677733","https://openalex.org/W4414880985","https://openalex.org/W4415598624","https://openalex.org/W4416565043","https://openalex.org/W4416729227","https://openalex.org/W4416757276","https://openalex.org/W6891927338","https://openalex.org/W7116099314","https://openalex.org/W7117160296","https://openalex.org/W7117372293","https://openalex.org/W7125159659","https://openalex.org/W7133185348","https://openalex.org/W7133227602","https://openalex.org/W7133250524"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7213461724","https://openalex.org/W7131640365","https://openalex.org/W4402705806","https://openalex.org/W4394944413","https://openalex.org/W6922443390","https://openalex.org/W7214768265","https://openalex.org/W4411333721","https://openalex.org/W7166656690","https://openalex.org/W7214721907","https://openalex.org/W7084097787"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2026-09-01T00:00:00"}