{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7204807741","doi":"https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202608.2222.v1","title":"Thermal-Hydraulic Transient and Containment Response Analysis of a VVER-1200 Reactor Under Beyond-Design-Basis ATWS Concurrent with Dual LBLOCA and Station Blackout","display_name":"Thermal-Hydraulic Transient and Containment Response Analysis of a VVER-1200 Reactor Under Beyond-Design-Basis ATWS Concurrent with Dual LBLOCA and Station Blackout","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-08-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7204807741","doi":"https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202608.2222.v1"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.20944/preprints202608.2222.v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202608.2222.v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202608.2222.v1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S6309402219","display_name":"Preprints.org","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202608.2222.v1","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5120455581","display_name":"Dipayan Sikder","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Dipayan Sikder","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5148761932","display_name":"Mahmud Riyad","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mahmud Riyad","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054365316","display_name":"Quazi Md. Zobaer Shah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2398-065X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2398-065X"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Quazi Md. Zobaer Shah","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104078033","display_name":"Md. Maidul ISLAM","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Md. Maidul Islam","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5116146455","display_name":"Md. Shojib Mia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9443-6048","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9443-6048"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Md. Shojib Mia","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5120455581"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12560","display_name":"Nuclear Engineering Thermal-Hydraulics","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2104","display_name":"Nuclear Energy and Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12560","display_name":"Nuclear Engineering Thermal-Hydraulics","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2104","display_name":"Nuclear Energy and Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11242","display_name":"Nuclear Materials and Properties","score":0.0006000000284984708,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10597","display_name":"Nuclear reactor physics and engineering","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2104","display_name":"Nuclear Energy and Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vver-1200-reactor","display_name":"VVER-1200 reactor","score":0.8899999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anticipated-transient-without-scram","display_name":"anticipated transient without scram","score":0.9549999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beyond-design-basis-accidents","display_name":"beyond design basis accidents","score":0.9330000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/large-break-loss-of-coolant-accident","display_name":"large break loss of coolant accident","score":0.8090000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/station-blackout","display_name":"station blackout","score":0.9229999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuel-failure","display_name":"fuel failure","score":0.7059999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/boiling-crisis","display_name":"boiling crisis","score":0.7039999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/departure-from-nucleate-boiling","display_name":"departure from nucleate boiling","score":0.7979999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/containment-integrity","display_name":"containment integrity","score":0.7720000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reactor-safety-analysis","display_name":"reactor safety analysis","score":0.34299999475479126}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124184767","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1591311","display_name":"Scram","level":2,"score":0.9460999965667725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116915560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83504","display_name":"Nuclear engineering","level":1,"score":0.7828999757766724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777693866","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q359099","display_name":"Blackout","level":4,"score":0.7631999850273132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777019822","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q390066","display_name":"Containment (computer programming)","level":2,"score":0.7283999919891357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104308156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2389519","display_name":"Cabin pressurization","level":2,"score":0.6818000078201294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.5333999991416931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106221998","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1309811","display_name":"Containment building","level":3,"score":0.5189999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780799671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17087362","display_name":"Transient (computer programming)","level":2,"score":0.5149000287055969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778917722","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071740","display_name":"Loss-of-coolant accident","level":3,"score":0.5131999850273132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778644327","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q468846","display_name":"Boiling water reactor","level":2,"score":0.4812999963760376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37750225","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1353262","display_name":"Nuclear reactor core","level":2,"score":0.46389999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91914117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1056832","display_name":"Coolant","level":2,"score":0.4244999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179498184","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126600","display_name":"Reactor pressure vessel","level":2,"score":0.41620001196861267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113411277","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1094166","display_name":"Nuclear fission product","level":3,"score":0.41290000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157777378","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41716","display_name":"Boiling","level":2,"score":0.40720000863075256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780113671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3285020","display_name":"Natural circulation","level":2,"score":0.39820000529289246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130327135","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q910355","display_name":"Corium","level":3,"score":0.39750000834465027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C541523362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80877","display_name":"Nuclear reactor","level":2,"score":0.39079999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150328934","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1662393","display_name":"Decay heat","level":2,"score":0.3637000024318695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C513653683","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12739","display_name":"Nuclear power","level":2,"score":0.3483999967575073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3431999981403351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780013297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19596153","display_name":"Boiler (water heating)","level":2,"score":0.3409000039100647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103522932","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55611724","display_name":"Fission products","level":2,"score":0.3253999948501587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85761212","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1974593","display_name":"Transient response","level":2,"score":0.3109999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780263472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q331902","display_name":"Shutdown","level":2,"score":0.30959999561309814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780406361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q377968","display_name":"Pressurized water reactor","level":2,"score":0.3003999888896942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779979336","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q134447","display_name":"Nuclear power plant","level":2,"score":0.289900004863739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188198153","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1613840","display_name":"Limiting","level":2,"score":0.28859999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777042071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6509304","display_name":"Leakage (economics)","level":2,"score":0.2879999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548081761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180388","display_name":"Waste management","level":1,"score":0.2838999927043915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118978325","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4938339","display_name":"Boiler blowdown","level":3,"score":0.27950000762939453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2164484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5170150","display_name":"Core (optical fiber)","level":2,"score":0.2782999873161316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36456112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q288064","display_name":"Cladding (metalworking)","level":2,"score":0.25540000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197194406","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7068214","display_name":"Nucleate boiling","level":4,"score":0.25360000133514404}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.20944/preprints202608.2222.v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202608.2222.v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202608.2222.v1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S6309402219","display_name":"Preprints.org","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.20944/preprints202608.2222.v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202608.2222.v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202608.2222.v1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S6309402219","display_name":"Preprints.org","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5690000057220459,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2979717816","https://openalex.org/W4411931926","https://openalex.org/W7158517434","https://openalex.org/W3163443676","https://openalex.org/W4394878283","https://openalex.org/W1501465083","https://openalex.org/W4211032619","https://openalex.org/W2267223705","https://openalex.org/W7138325089","https://openalex.org/W3201142169"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Background:":[0],"An":[1,85],"Anticipated":[2],"Transient":[3,82],"Without":[4],"Scram":[5],"(ATWS)":[6],"represents":[7],"one":[8],"of":[9,35,51,69,101,108],"the":[10,45,52,63,78,95,102,144,171,183,220,282,299],"most":[11,300],"severe":[12],"conditions":[13],"in":[14,93,175,187,247,262,286],"nuclear":[15],"reactor":[16,53,74,172,179],"operations,":[17],"escalating":[18],"any":[19],"concurrent":[20],"malfunction":[21],"into":[22],"a":[23,70,105,120,231,248,251],"Beyond":[24],"Design":[25],"Basis":[26],"Accident":[27],"(BDBA).":[28],"When":[29],"coupled":[30],"with":[31,241],"dual":[32],"Large-Break":[33],"Loss":[34],"Coolant":[36],"Accidents":[37],"(LBLOCA),":[38],"station":[39,245],"blackout,":[40],"and":[41,48,58,66,97,111,128,191,208,244,258,276],"initial":[42],"fuel":[43,113,207,242,275],"failure,":[44,243],"thermal-hydraulic":[46],"stability":[47],"containment":[49,199,222,233,279,292],"integrity":[50],"are":[54],"severely":[55,224],"compromised.":[56],"Materials":[57],"Methods:":[59],"In":[60],"this":[61],"study,":[62],"transient":[64],"behavior":[65],"safety":[67],"response":[68,228],"Russian":[71],"Gen-III+":[72],"VVER-1200":[73,249],"were":[75],"simulated":[76],"using":[77],"IAEA-recommended":[79],"Personal":[80],"Computer":[81],"Analyzer":[83],"(PCTran).":[84],"unmitigated":[86,267],"accident":[87],"scenario":[88],"featuring":[89],"simultaneous":[90],"1000cm2":[91],"breaks":[92],"both":[94],"hot":[96],"cold":[98],"legs,":[99],"failure":[100,114,234],"SCRAM":[103],"mechanism,":[104],"total":[106],"loss":[107],"AC":[109],"power,":[110],"5%":[112],"at":[115,195,202],"power":[116],"was":[117,126],"evaluated":[118],"over":[119],"300-second":[121],"simulation":[122,141],"window.":[123],"Model":[124],"performance":[125],"benchmarked":[127],"validated":[129],"against":[130],"Final":[131],"Safety":[132],"Analysis":[133],"Report":[134],"(FSAR)":[135],"core":[136,165,173,218,260,268,296],"flow":[137],"data.":[138],"Results:":[139],"The":[140],"demonstrates":[142],"that":[143,291],"Departure":[145],"from":[146],"Nucleate":[147],"Boiling":[148],"Ratio":[149],"(DNBR)":[150],"dropped":[151],"below":[152],"1.0":[153],"within":[154,212,255],"30":[155,256],"seconds,":[156,197,289],"triggering":[157],"an":[158],"immediate":[159,217,274,301],"boiling":[160,253],"crisis":[161,254],"due":[162,265],"to":[163,215,266],"sustained":[164],"power.":[166,269],"Complete":[167],"steam":[168],"voiding":[169,261],"across":[170],"occurred":[174],"80":[176,263],"seconds.":[177],"Consequently,":[178],"building":[180],"pressure":[181,280],"exceeded":[182],"5-bar":[184,283],"design":[185,213,284],"threshold":[186,285],"only":[188],"90":[189,288],"seconds":[190,257,264],"reached":[192],"14.93":[193],"bar":[194],"300":[196],"while":[198],"temperatures":[200,210],"peaked":[201],"193.7":[203],"\u00b0C.":[204],"Although":[205,270],"peak":[206],"cladding":[209,277],"remained":[211],"limits":[214],"prevent":[216,273],"meltdown,":[219,278],"rapid":[221],"over-pressurization":[223,293],"restricts":[225],"available":[226],"operator":[227],"windows,":[229],"posing":[230],"critical":[232,252],"hazard.":[235],"Conclusion:":[236],"Simultaneous":[237],"ATWS,":[238],"dual-leg":[239],"LBLOCA":[240],"blackout":[246],"induce":[250],"full":[259],"passive":[271,305],"systems":[272],"breaches":[281],"just":[287],"highlighting":[290],"rather":[294],"than":[295],"degradation":[297],"is":[298],"threat":[302],"requiring":[303],"enhanced":[304],"mitigation.":[306]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-09T13:22:03.289127","created_date":"2026-09-01T00:00:00"}