{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7204806112","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1364/opticaopen.33387778.v1","title":"Amplitude-phase invariants and pseudo-invariants in planar and cylindrical Kerr waveguides: a unified framework","display_name":"Amplitude-phase invariants and pseudo-invariants in planar and cylindrical Kerr waveguides: a unified framework","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-08-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7204806112","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1364/opticaopen.33387778.v1"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1364/opticaopen.33387778.v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1364/opticaopen.33387778.v1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1364/opticaopen.33387778.v1","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Optica Open","raw_type":"posted-content"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5125999251","display_name":"Nyamsuren Ochirbat","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-3997-1537","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0009-3997-1537"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nyamsuren Ochirbat","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5126027331","display_name":"Ochirbat Guseelee","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ochirbat Guseelee","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11575","display_name":"Nonlinear Photonic Systems","score":0.8651999831199646,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11575","display_name":"Nonlinear Photonic Systems","score":0.8651999831199646,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10248","display_name":"Nonlinear Waves and Solitons","score":0.03660000115633011,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10245","display_name":"Metamaterials and Metasurfaces Applications","score":0.01979999989271164,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2504","display_name":"Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exact-invariants","display_name":"exact invariants","score":0.6610000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonlinear-optics","display_name":"nonlinear optics","score":0.453000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/planar-waveguides","display_name":"planar waveguides","score":0.8330000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/circular-waveguide","display_name":"circular waveguide","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/te-and-tm-modes","display_name":"TE and TM modes","score":0.9290000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power-saving-techniques","display_name":"power conservation","score":0.6990000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conserved-quantities","display_name":"first integrals","score":0.753000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maxwell-s-equations","display_name":"Maxwell's equations","score":0.7490000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metamaterials","display_name":"metamaterials","score":0.6690000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quadrature","display_name":"quadrature","score":0.4490000009536743}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134786449","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3391255","display_name":"Planar","level":2,"score":0.7439000010490417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190470478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2370229","display_name":"Invariant (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5673999786376953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195065555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214881","display_name":"Curvature","level":2,"score":0.5507000088691711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158622935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660848","display_name":"Nonlinear system","level":2,"score":0.534600019454956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9376300","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q168817","display_name":"Algebraic number","level":2,"score":0.5285999774932861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.4968000054359436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73301696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5469984","display_name":"Formalism (music)","level":3,"score":0.45320001244544983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110521144","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193460","display_name":"Scalar field","level":2,"score":0.447299987077713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57691317","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1289248","display_name":"Scalar (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.42969998717308044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.41670000553131104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.3905999958515167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91188154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186247","display_name":"Vector field","level":2,"score":0.3118000030517578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74650414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11397","display_name":"Classical mechanics","level":1,"score":0.30489999055862427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12520029","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1147161","display_name":"Scalar curvature","level":3,"score":0.303600013256073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.2992999851703644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34388435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2267362","display_name":"Bounded function","level":2,"score":0.2978000044822693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37914503","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q156495","display_name":"Mathematical physics","level":1,"score":0.29490000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988778218","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q883038","display_name":"Kerr nonlinearity","level":4,"score":0.2897999882698059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9136319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q362640","display_name":"Covariant transformation","level":2,"score":0.2669999897480011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206815995","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1341307","display_name":"Energy flow","level":3,"score":0.26489999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146834321","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2979672","display_name":"Closure (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.26260000467300415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23917780","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50698","display_name":"Algebraic equation","level":3,"score":0.26080000400543213}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1364/opticaopen.33387778.v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1364/opticaopen.33387778.v1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1364/opticaopen.33387778.v1","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Optica Open","raw_type":"posted-content"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7212235156","https://openalex.org/W2052102287","https://openalex.org/W7099722387","https://openalex.org/W2163749325","https://openalex.org/W2101328507","https://openalex.org/W2325991404","https://openalex.org/W3206132263","https://openalex.org/W2991127073","https://openalex.org/W3141989949","https://openalex.org/W4200071533"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,55,141],"develop":[1],"a":[2,72,153,183],"unified":[3],"amplitude-phase":[4],"framework":[5,187],"for":[6,32],"TE":[7],"and":[8,13,25,51,98,156,196,201],"TM":[9],"modes":[10],"in":[11,161],"planar":[12,38,64,86],"cylindrical":[14,76,133,162,176],"Kerr":[15,177,190],"waveguides.":[16],"Starting":[17],"from":[18,67],"Maxwell's":[19,68],"equations,":[20],"we":[21,78],"derive":[22],"exact":[23,44,101],"invariants":[24],"introduce":[26,57,143],"pseudo-invariants":[27],"that":[28,80,136,158],"provide":[29],"algebraic":[30,149],"closure":[31,150],"the":[33,40,46,52,58,81,85,99,106,144,169],"nonlinear":[34],"field":[35],"dynamics.":[36],"In":[37],"geometry,":[39,77,134],"formalism":[41],"yields":[42],"two":[43],"invariants:":[45],"flow":[47,107],"invariant":[48,88,139],"(power":[49],"conservation)":[50],"energy":[53,87,138,173],"invariant.":[54,174],"also":[56,142],"pseudo-invariant":[59,129,145],"method,":[60,130,146],"which":[61,147],"reconstructs":[62],"these":[63],"results":[65],"directly":[66],"equations":[69],"without":[70,151],"invoking":[71],"scalar":[73,154],"potential.":[74],"For":[75],"show":[79,157],"naive":[82],"extension":[83],"of":[84,171,192],"is":[89,105],"invalid.":[90],"The":[91,128,186],"curvature":[92,166],"terms":[93],"($1/r$)":[94],"break":[95],"translational":[96],"symmetry,":[97],"only":[100],"local":[102],"first":[103],"integral":[104],"invariant:":[108],"\\[":[109],"r":[110,119],"\\mathcal{E}_z":[111],"h":[112,121],"\\cos\\Delta\\Phi":[113],"=":[114,123],"C_1":[115],"\\quad":[116,125],"\\text{(TM)},":[117],"\\qquad":[118],"\\mathcal{E}_\\phi":[120],"\\cos\\Delta":[122],"C_3":[124],"\\text{(TE)}.":[126],"\\]":[127],"extended":[131],"to":[132,165,182,189],"reveals":[135],"no":[137],"exists.":[140],"provides":[148],"requiring":[152],"potential,":[155],"its":[159],"failure":[160],"geometry":[163],"(due":[164],"terms)":[167],"confirms":[168],"non-existence":[170],"an":[172],"Consequently,":[175],"waveguides":[178],"do":[179],"not":[180],"reduce":[181],"pure":[184],"quadrature.":[185],"applies":[188],"media":[191],"arbitrary":[193],"nonlinearity":[194],"sign":[195],"magnitude,":[197],"including":[198],"conventional":[199],"dielectrics":[200],"metamaterials.":[202]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-09T13:22:03.289127","created_date":"2026-09-01T00:00:00"}